为弥补结合相关测绘成果研究季节性PM2.5空间分布相对不足的问题,以京津冀为例,基于土地利用回归(Land Use Regression,LUR)模型对研究区2013年典型季节的PM2.5浓度进行模拟.采用双变量相关分析识别出与PM2.5浓度相关的影响因子,主要包...为弥补结合相关测绘成果研究季节性PM2.5空间分布相对不足的问题,以京津冀为例,基于土地利用回归(Land Use Regression,LUR)模型对研究区2013年典型季节的PM2.5浓度进行模拟.采用双变量相关分析识别出与PM2.5浓度相关的影响因子,主要包括地表覆盖分类、扬尘地表及污染企业在内的监测成果等因素,分别对夏冬两季PM2.5浓度和与之对应的影响因子进行多元线性回归分析,判定系数R^2分别为0.743和0.866.根据LUR方程计算加密点浓度值,通过反距离加权插值得到较为精细的PM2.5浓度空间分布图.结果显示,研究区两季污染物浓度都呈现出以太行山-燕山山脉为界,东部、南部地区污染严重,西部、北部地区污染较轻的态势.冬季整体的污染程度高于夏季,各城市两季PM2.5浓度变化趋势基本一致.展开更多
以京津冀为研究区,将GIS(Geographic Information System)技术与DSSAT(Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer)模型相结合,对2016—2017年冬小麦和夏玉米的生长需水情况进行模拟,并分析了雨养条件及灌溉条件对冬小麦和夏玉米生...以京津冀为研究区,将GIS(Geographic Information System)技术与DSSAT(Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer)模型相结合,对2016—2017年冬小麦和夏玉米的生长需水情况进行模拟,并分析了雨养条件及灌溉条件对冬小麦和夏玉米生物量的影响。结果表明:京津冀地区冬小麦的需水量在323.72~419.58 mm之间,夏玉米的需水量在333.47~438.51 mm之间;2种作物需水量较多的地区主要集中在种植区的东南部及北部,需水量相对较少的地区主要分布在种植区的西部。冬小麦从播种开始的第160天左右,耗水量显著增加,夏玉米对水分需求一直增加,30 d前后,夏玉米地上生物量显著增加,因此,在冬小麦播种的前160 d、夏玉米播种的前30 d内应适度灌溉,避免过度灌溉造成水资源浪费。展开更多
Crop potential productivity is a key index of scientifically appraising crop production and land population-supporting capacity. This study firstly simulated the potential and waterlimited yield of summer maize in the...Crop potential productivity is a key index of scientifically appraising crop production and land population-supporting capacity. This study firstly simulated the potential and waterlimited yield of summer maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region using WOFOST model with meteorological data of 40 years, and then analyzed yield gaps between the actual and potential yield based on statistical data at county level. The potential and water-limited yield of summer maize in the BTH region is 6854–8789 kg/hm2 and 6434–8741 kg/hm2, and the weighted average for whole region is 7861 kg/hm2 and 7185 kg/hm2, respectively. The simulated yields gradually decrease from northeast to southwest with changes in climatic conditions particularly temperature and precipitation. Annual variation of potential yield is higher in the central and southern parts than the northeastern part. Compared to potential yield, the water-limited yield has higher coefficient of variation (CV), because of precipitation effects. The actual yield of summer maize was 2537–8730 kg/hm2, regionally averaged at 5582 kg/hm2, about 70% of the potential yield, implying that the region has room to increase the yield by improving crop management and irrigation systems.展开更多
文摘为弥补结合相关测绘成果研究季节性PM2.5空间分布相对不足的问题,以京津冀为例,基于土地利用回归(Land Use Regression,LUR)模型对研究区2013年典型季节的PM2.5浓度进行模拟.采用双变量相关分析识别出与PM2.5浓度相关的影响因子,主要包括地表覆盖分类、扬尘地表及污染企业在内的监测成果等因素,分别对夏冬两季PM2.5浓度和与之对应的影响因子进行多元线性回归分析,判定系数R^2分别为0.743和0.866.根据LUR方程计算加密点浓度值,通过反距离加权插值得到较为精细的PM2.5浓度空间分布图.结果显示,研究区两季污染物浓度都呈现出以太行山-燕山山脉为界,东部、南部地区污染严重,西部、北部地区污染较轻的态势.冬季整体的污染程度高于夏季,各城市两季PM2.5浓度变化趋势基本一致.
文摘以京津冀为研究区,将GIS(Geographic Information System)技术与DSSAT(Decision Support for Agrotechnology Transfer)模型相结合,对2016—2017年冬小麦和夏玉米的生长需水情况进行模拟,并分析了雨养条件及灌溉条件对冬小麦和夏玉米生物量的影响。结果表明:京津冀地区冬小麦的需水量在323.72~419.58 mm之间,夏玉米的需水量在333.47~438.51 mm之间;2种作物需水量较多的地区主要集中在种植区的东南部及北部,需水量相对较少的地区主要分布在种植区的西部。冬小麦从播种开始的第160天左右,耗水量显著增加,夏玉米对水分需求一直增加,30 d前后,夏玉米地上生物量显著增加,因此,在冬小麦播种的前160 d、夏玉米播种的前30 d内应适度灌溉,避免过度灌溉造成水资源浪费。
基金Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences No.KZCX2-YW-421 National Natural Science Foundation of China No.41071063
文摘Crop potential productivity is a key index of scientifically appraising crop production and land population-supporting capacity. This study firstly simulated the potential and waterlimited yield of summer maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region using WOFOST model with meteorological data of 40 years, and then analyzed yield gaps between the actual and potential yield based on statistical data at county level. The potential and water-limited yield of summer maize in the BTH region is 6854–8789 kg/hm2 and 6434–8741 kg/hm2, and the weighted average for whole region is 7861 kg/hm2 and 7185 kg/hm2, respectively. The simulated yields gradually decrease from northeast to southwest with changes in climatic conditions particularly temperature and precipitation. Annual variation of potential yield is higher in the central and southern parts than the northeastern part. Compared to potential yield, the water-limited yield has higher coefficient of variation (CV), because of precipitation effects. The actual yield of summer maize was 2537–8730 kg/hm2, regionally averaged at 5582 kg/hm2, about 70% of the potential yield, implying that the region has room to increase the yield by improving crop management and irrigation systems.