Environmental Conditions of Barchan Dune and Barchan Chain-A Case Study from the Hexi Desert Area of Gansu

[Objective] The paper was to discuss why the top of tall barchan dunes and barchan chains widespread in single prevailing wind area had not been leveled by wind erosion. [Method] Based on the preliminary survey of distribution status,the morphological characteristics and environmental conditions of barchan dunes and barchan chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu were investigated in details. The significance of difference between samples and significance of correlation between indicators were examined via variance test. [Result] Barchan dunes and barchan chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu distributed at the leeward direction of desert fringe,generally in patch distribution. The distribution area was gravelly beach or cohesive gravel beach,with broader dune slack; winds in distribution area of barchan dunes and barchan chains blew obviously from one direction,while winds at other directions were light or occasionally strong but with low frequency;the barchan dune in the desert fringe of Hexi desert area of Gansu was relatively tall,while barchan chain was even more taller and larger. Coincidence or separation of the dune peak and the sand ridge might be related to distribution frequency of dominant prevailing wind or wind at opposite direction and the observation seasons.[Conclusion]Studying top stability of barchan dune has an important academic value in revealing blowing sand movement rule at desert fringe,invasion of sand flow,and expansion of desert.

Primary Observation of the Ecological Habits of Ferirana guadranus in Tianshui City of Gansu Province

The ecological nature of Ferirana guadranus in Liqiao Country of Tianshui City of Guansu Province from May to August in 2010 are primarily investigated.Research found that Ferirana guadranus lives in the mountain streams at an elevation of 1 332 m.The adult frog lives largely above an elevation of 1 320 m,where the water is neutral acid and shady.It belongs to the mountainous stream type.

Many New Dinosaur Fossil Spots Discovered in the Dunhuang-Yumenguan-Jiuquan Area of Gansu Province, China

Two Mesozoic intramontane basins are developed in the Dunhuang-Yumenguan-Jiuquan area of Gansu Province,China,i.e.,the Gongpoquan Basin（E97°30′-98°10′,N41°30′-41°45′）and the Yujingzi Basin（E98°15′-99°00′,N40°15＇-40°40＇）（Fig.1）.A large number of dinosaurs and other fossils have been discovered in these two basins,which are called dinosaur＇tribes＇by paleontologists.

Study on Architectural Concept of Environmental Adaptability of Vernacular Dwellings in Guanzhong-Tianshui Area

Vernacular dwellings are organic products adaptive to local climate and other natural conditions. From the perspective of climatic and geographical features, this study analyzed spatial layouts, outer appearance, courtyard layout and material structure of vernacular dwellings in Guanzhong-Tianshui area, and refined the ecological concepts and technologies adaptive to local environment. Vernacular dwellings are expected to develop sustainably in the evolution of natural environment, and adapt to the development needs of local human settlements.

RECENT TECTONIC DEFORMATION ANOMALY AND EARTHQUAKES IN GANSU-NINGXIA-QINGHAI AREA

By processing and analyzing geodetic data of vertical deformation, fault deformation and horizontal deformation by GPS in Gansu Ningxia Qinghai area and by comparing them with geological structures and many medium to strong earthquake activities in this area, some features of recent tectonic deformation anomaly and the development of medium to strong earthquakes are studied. The results show that: ①Near the main faults tectonic deformations are relatively large. The amount of vertical movement and the deformation status evolve with time. The horizontal movement and deformation show obvious compressional strike slip character. ②The dominant stress of tectonic deformation and seismic development in this area comes from the persistent northeastward compression of Qinghai Tibet block;The time spatial distribution evolution of tectonic deformation and seismic activities are closely related to dynamic evolution of block motion and regional tectonic stress field. ③The abnormal uplift and high gradient deformation belts and remarkable fault deformation anormaly on the borders of regional tectonic blocks are indicators of developing moderate to strong earthquakes but earthquakes may not necessarily take place in the position of maxium deformation, it usually occurred in the region where fault deformation anormaly shows “trend accumulation acceleration turn ” variation character or nearby. On the basis of above study, a preliminary prediction for strong earthquake risk in this area is given.

Emergy-based study on eco-economic system of arid and semi-arid region:a case of Gansu province,China

Taking Gansu province as a model case,this study provides an integrated analysis on the eco-economic system of arid and semi-arid region based on emergy synthesis theory. Through calculating the values of renewable emergy flow,non-renewable resources,imported emergy,exported emergy,waste emergy,and total emergy during the period of 1978-2007,the performance of Gansu eco-economic system was analyzed. The results indicated that the renewable emergy flow within the province basically remained steady state which was estimated at 2.99×1022 solar emjoules (sej) from 1978 to 2007. The imported emergy and exported emergy were estimated at 3.75×1017 sej and 2.99×1020 sej in 1978 and increased to 1.07×1022 sej and 1.44×1022 sej respectively in 2007. The nonrenewable emergy flow was estimated at 1.62×1022 sej and increased to 1.85×1023 sej,with annual growth rate of 8.7%,while the estimated total emergy was 4.58×1022 sej in 1978 and increased to 2.11×1023 sej in 2007,with annual growth rate of 5.41%. Our results indicate a deteriorate situation between economic development and environmental protection in the region. The rapid economic growth in the past thirty years was based on a great consumption of nonrenewable resource and caused continuous decrease in the capacity of sustainable development. The environmental loading ratio was 0.53 in 1978,increased to 6.06 in 2007,indicating a rapid degradation of the regional environment quality. We calculated that the actual population was 1.53 times the renewable resource population in 1978,increased to 7.06 times in 2007. During the period of 1978-2007,the emergy rose from 2.45×1015 sej/(capita·a) to 8.07×1015 sej/(capita·a). Our analysis revealed that the emergy density presented a trend of gradual increase,and then the emergy currency ratio in Gansu decreased from 7.08×1013 sej/Chinese Yuan to 7.82×1012 sej/Chinese Yuan.

Two Alternating Processes of Particle Size Distribution of Barchan Dunes at the Edge of the Oasis in Hexi Corridor, Gansu

Barchan dunes are a common type of dune. There are a lot of barchan dunes at accumulated sand-belts of the oasis edge of Hexi desert area of Gansu. What is characteristic of the particle size of barchan dunes? How is this particle size characteristic formed? Characteristics of particle size were analyzed in this paper by comprehensive investigation and sampling in Hexi Corridor desert area, and repeated sampling and determination in Minqin desert area. The results showed that:(1) The particle size of 0.25–0.05 mm and particle size of 0.5–0.25 mm were the main ingredients at the surface 0–5 cm depth of barchan dunes and barchan dune chains in desert area in Hexi Corridor of Gansu. Sand in Gulang desert area was relatively finer and the particle size was quite different from that of Jinchang, Linze, Jinta and Minqin desert area;(2) The particle size was changed from coarse to fine from the bottom to the top of the dunes in the main wind direction(NW) process. i.e. there was the most silt at the top of the dunes, followed by the middle of the leeward slope. The bottom of the windward slope had the most coarse sand, followed by the middle of the windward slope. The barchan dunes were changed from coarse to fine, then from fine to coarse from the bottom to the top of the dunes in the reverse wind direction(SE) process, i.e. there was the most silt in the middle of the windward slope, followed by the top of sand dunes. The bottom of the windward slope had the most coarse sand, followed by the middle of the windward slope. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation of sand dune particle size in the main wind direction process was larger, and the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of sand dune particle size in the reverse wind direction process was smaller;(3) The two processes of the main wind direction(NW) and the reverse wind direction(SE) led to alternating changes in particle size in various parts of the dunes. Two different conclusions on particle size distribution of barchan dunes in windward slope were due to the observation season differences.

The LA-ICP-MS zircons U-Pb ages and geochemistry of the Baihua basic igneous complexes in Tianshui area of West Qinling

Baihua meta-igneous complex consists mainly of pyroxenite-gabbro(diorite)-diorite-quartz diorite. They form a complete comagmatic evolutionary series. The geochemical characteristics of basic-interme- diate basic igneous rocks indicate that they belong to a tholeiite suite. The REE distribution pattern is nearly flat type and LREE is slightly enriched type, and their primitive mantle-normalized and MORB-normalized trace element spider diagrams are generally similar; the LIL elements (LILE) Cs, Ba, Sr, Th and U are enriched, but Rb, K and the HFSEs Nb, P, Zr, Sm, Ti and Y are relatively depleted. All these show comagmatic evolution and origin characteristics. The tectonics environment discrimination of trace element reveals that these igneous complexes formed in an island-arc setting. The LA-ICP-MS single-zircons U-Pb age of Baihua basic igneous complex is 434.6±1.5 Ma (MSWD = 1.3), which proves that the formation time of the island-arc type magmatite in the northern zone of West Qinling is Late Ordovician or Early Silurian, also reveals that the timing of subduction of paleo-ocean basin represented by the Guanzizhen ophiolite and resulting island-arc-type magmatic activities is probably Middle-Late Ordovician to Early Silurian.

The first discovery of eclogite and Palaeoproterozoic granitoids in the Beishan area,northwestern Gansu Province,China

The eclogite, discovered in Liuyuan, occurs as lenticular enclave within granitic gneiss. It has typical features of eclogite in petrology and mineralogy. The eclogite provides an important wirdow to reconstruct the tectonic border of the Tarim block. The granitoids, located in Baihu area, yield U-Pb zircon ages of 1 660—2 000 Ma (Palaeoproterozoic), which irrplies an early Precambrian basement in the area.

A Study of Siliceous Pneumoconiosis in a Desert Area of Sunan County,Gansu Province,China

Three hundred and ninety five residents in a desert area were examined with chest radiographs and 28 cases with siliceous pneumoconiosis were found. The prevalence of siliceous pneumoconiosis was 7.09%, and that over 40 years of age was 21%. The histological findings of lungs from a camel living in that area for 20 years also confirmed to have siliceous pneumoconiosis.

甘肃天水苹果黑星病年消长动态调查及防治药剂筛选

为明确苹果黑星病在甘肃天水的年消长动态、发病规律及筛选高效防治药剂,2023年在苹果生长季持续对苹果黑星病的病叶率和病情指数进行了调查,同时选用10种农药制剂进行田间药剂筛选试验。结果表明,天水地区苹果黑星病在5月中旬开始侵染,7月底达到第一次发病高峰,之后进入病情发展缓慢期,8月下旬至9月下旬,病菌又一次侵染秋梢,达到第二次发病高峰,之后进入病菌越冬预备期。田间防治试验表明,25%苯甲·吡唑酯SC 1000倍液、25%戊唑·异菌脲SC 2500倍液、40%氟硅唑EC 1500倍液和20%烯肟·戊唑醇SC 1000倍液的防效达83.56%~93.12%,可作为首选药剂;12.5%烯唑醇WP 1500倍液、25%吡唑醚菌酯SC 800倍液、12.5%腈菌唑EC 1000倍液和40%咪鲜胺EW 800倍液,防效次之,可作为辅助药剂,与首选药剂交替使用。综上所述,本试验明确了苹果黑星病的年消长动态、发病规律,筛选出了高效防治药剂,为苹果黑星病的有效防控提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

天水市旱作区春玉米—冬油菜秸秆带膜翻压还田栽培模式研究

为解决区域内春玉米—冬油菜一膜两用技术中秸秆利用不合理、土壤有机质含量低、有机肥投入不足、化肥施用不合理、土壤水分利用不足、肥料利用率较低等一系列问题,在天水市旱作区开展了春玉米—冬油菜秸秆带膜翻压还田栽培模式研究,以期为区域内化肥减施、地力提升和农业可持续发展提供依据。结果表明,秸秆粉碎带膜翻压还田可以提高玉米籽粒产量7.96%、冬油菜籽粒产量9.91%,增加0~20 cm土壤有机质、全磷、有效磷含量(分别增加2.53 g/kg、0.08 g/kg、10.93 mg/kg),缓冲土壤pH值,影响土壤速效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮水平。

甘肃中部旱台田地10个饲用玉米品种生产性能及营养品质研究

试验为选出甘肃中部旱台田地适应性强的饲用玉米品种,2022年在甘肃中部旱台田地代表的榆中县引进了10个饲用玉米品种进行筛选试验。试验以主栽品种陇单4号为对照(CK),对引进的9个饲用玉米品种进行了比较试验,对饲用玉米农艺性状、草产量和营养物质进行了测定分析。结果显示,10个饲用玉米品种在甘中部旱台田地春播,均能够适期收获。2022年浩育2号和陇单4号(CK)全年折合鲜草产量较高,分别为40305.36和36638.33 kg/hm^(2),折合干草产量分别为13432.48和11652.11 kg/hm^(2)。10个饲用玉米供试品种中,先玉1483的酸性洗涤纤维含量最低,达到了国家一级青贮玉米标准,但产量过低。研究表明,浩育2号在甘中部旱台田地适应能力最强,产量最高,营养品质较好,达到国家二级青贮玉米标准,是具有推广潜力的饲用玉米品种。

甘肃涉藏地区锅庄舞风格特征研究

锅庄舞是集中体现藏民族美学思想的团栾舞蹈,由十三种舞步和九大类手势动作组合而成.颤、开、顺、左、绕、舞袖是锅庄舞的六大动作特征;走、跳是主要运动形式;圆或同心圆、弧线、直线是主要队形;舞曲多用地域风情特征明显的藏族民歌歌舞音乐,分为舒缓平和的慢板乐段和热烈奔放的快板乐段;舞蹈分为序舞、慢舞、快舞、结束四个舞段;服饰明艳华贵,主要是“藏式长袍+衬衣”;男子动作大而奔放、女子动作小而秀美.碌曲锅庄舞博采众长、久负盛名;玛曲草原锅庄舞粗犷豪放;夏河寺院锅庄舞庄严肃穆;迭部、舟曲林区锅庄舞小巧活泼;陇南、天祝山地锅庄舞稳重优美.

西夏·青史淡淡千百年——漫步地震五千年(10)

西夏是一个生机蓬勃而神秘的王朝,它的兴亡都伴有地震的发生,而甘肃—宁夏地区恰是地震高发区,值得关注这里的地震活动。对于存疑的996年地震事件,从小震密集、史料记载、地质探槽、地震强度上做了初步探讨,推测了这次地震位置和大小。介绍了1739年平罗地震的水患教训。注意到1920年海原8.5级地震的新研究中,发现了许多有价值的新信息,揭示了全球地震活动的大背景。甘肃—宁夏三角区的力学关系是三体问题,不可忽视旋转运动;对于发震条件,除断层带外,还要重视深部物性的结构差异。

百年中国法治历史中的陕西党史元素

中国特色社会主义法治模式,是百年来中国共产党领导法治的探索成果,是从革命时期局部执政到当代中国治国理政法治经验的总结。党领导法治的历史,特别是中共中央在延安的十三年,蕴含着丰富的陕西党史元素,不仅体现在局部执政的法治建设、依规治党的经验,还体现为陕西党史中的红色法制历程。总结和凝练党领导法治历史中的陕西元素,有助于理解当代中国的法治,拓展陕西党史的研究。

全面抗战时期陕甘宁边区乡村党员教育研究

全面抗战时期,陕甘宁边区持续开展党员教育,以提高农民党员的思想认识与政治水平,引导广大乡村党员干部坚定理想信念和政治方向,围绕党的政治路线和中心工作,坚持抗日民族统一战线,一切为战胜日本帝国主义而奋斗。在中共中央、西北局(边区党委、边区中央局)领导下,边区乡村党员教育以西北局高干会为界,分为前后两个阶段。前一阶段,乡村党员教育中的教条主义、主观主义比较严重,教学方式以照本宣科为主,教育形式主要是流动训练班,教材内容艰深、枯燥无味。后一阶段,结合全党整风,较好地纠正了党员教育中存在的偏差,面向乡村党员干部的扫盲教育与政治教育取得显著效果,基本实现了巩固和发展党员的目标。

陇东地区秋播小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米品种的筛选

为筛选出适宜在陇东地区与秋播小黑麦复种的青贮玉米品种,本试验连续2年对12个青贮玉米品种的农艺性状、鲜草产量和干草产量进行研究,以筛选出最佳适宜于秋播小黑麦复种的青贮玉米品种,从而为该区推广秋播小黑麦茬后复种青贮玉米“一年两作”饲草高效生产技术提供理论依据。结果表明:秋播小黑麦茬后复种禾玉36和北农青贮208的鲜草产量分别为74.83、72.58 t/hm2,干草产量分别为24.59、22.85 t/hm2,而且2个年份均能够表现出高产、稳产的优势。因此,禾玉36和北农青贮208可作为陇东地区秋播小黑麦复种生产优质饲草的主推品种。

Impact of Climate Variation on the Exploitation Degree of Production Potential of Winter Wheat in Tianshui

The productivity exploitation degree,suitable exploitation degree and exploitable exploitation degree of production potential of winter wheat in three climate zones of Tianshui were calculated.The impacts of climate changes on it were analyzed.The results showed the exploitation degree of production potential of winter wheat was still low in the north of Wei River,the valley of Wei River and the area of Guan Mountain in Tianshui,being 49.9%-60.0%.Both the suitable exploitation degree and exploitable exploitation degree of production potential of winter wheat were comparatively high,being 73.6%-78.7% and 18.7%-23.8% respectively.The sequencing was the north of Wei River>the valley of Wei River>the area of Guan Mountain.In the long run,it was of great potential to be excavated.The average temperature,sunshine hours for growth season of winter wheat had negative effects on exploitation degree,suitable exploitation degree and exploitable degree of production potential of winter wheat.The precipitation had the positive effect.And the temperature in the entire growth period,temperature in autumn,the sunshine in winter had remarkable negative effects on the exploitation degree of the production potential in Tianshui and the north of Wei River.The precipitation in the entire growth period,the precipitation in autumn had remarkable positive effects in Tianshui and each climate zones.And some moderate development countermeasures of regional production potential were proposed.

天水旱作区胡麻品种引种比较试验初报

为了筛选出适合天水旱作区种植的高产、优质、抗性较好的胡麻品种,以当地主栽胡麻品种陇亚13号为对照,对17个参试品种进行了引种比较试验。结果表明,各供试胡麻品种的生育期和生育时期差异不明显。陇亚14号、晋亚12号、0559、0523-2-13、09162、0354田间未发生白粉病,内亚9号、陇亚10号、陇亚杂1号、0818-6-13、0559和0354生长后期田间无倒伏现象。折合产量以晋亚12号最高,达2035.00 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种陇亚13号增产63.36%;天亚9号次之,为1653.50 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种陇亚13号增产32.73%;天亚11号、陇亚10号、0559、陇亚杂2号、陇亚14号较高,分别为1466.50、1450.33、1433.83、1402.92、1352.08 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种陇亚13号分别增产17.72%、16.42%、15.10%、12.62%、8.54%。综合考虑认为,晋亚12号、陇亚14号、陇亚杂1号、天亚9号主要农艺性状优良、高产优质、抗逆性强,可作为天水旱作区胡麻种植的主推品种;0559折合产量较高,籽粒饱满且千粒重高,建议适当推广;09162、0523-2-13、0354、陇亚14号的株高均高于75 cm且工艺长度好,可在油纤兼用品种种植区优先选用。