MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY

The Gamba—Tingri basin lies in south Tethys Himalaya subzone. It is 400km in length from east to west, and 30～50km in width from north to south. The basin is mainly made up of marine Mesozoic and Lower Cenozoic, i.e., Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Lower Tertiary. Its total strata are more than 3100m in thickness. The passive continental margin of the India plate developed during Jurassic—Cretaceous after a Triassic rifting stage. Collision took place between the India and the Eurasian plate during the latest Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary (Liu and Einsele, 1994), which resulted in a Tertiary residual basin.The Jurassic stratigraphic system in the Gamba—Tingri basin were not carried out until recently (Wan et al., 1999), which is divided into three formations, i.e.., Pupuga Fm., Nieniexiongla Fm., and Menkadun Fm.. The Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphic system is after Wan (1985) and Xu et al.(1990), which the Cretaceous is divided into six formations: Dongsan Fm., Chaqiela Fm., Lengqingle Fm., Xiawuchubo Fm., Jiubao Fm., and Zongshan Fm, whereas the Tertiary is divided into Jiabula Fm. Zongpu Fm., and Zhepure Fm.

Study on Private Economy in Tibet

This paper analyses the status quo and characteristics of development of private economy in Tibet:the private economy shows the momentum of rapid growth, and is the main force for promoting prosperity of urban-rural market, becoming an important source of fiscal revenue and a major channel for social employment. The main factors restricting the development of private economy in Tibet are generalized as follows: first, the natural environment is inclement, and it is under great pressure of ecological resources; second, the development level of private economy is low with shaky foundation and small production scale; third, the laws, regulations and preferential policies have not been implemented well, and the supporting policies are yet to be improved; fourth, there is a dearth of financial support, and the individually-run enterprises yearn for capital; fifth, the workers quality is low, and the management level of private economy is not high. Finally, the countermeasures and proposals are put forward to accelerate development of private economy in Tibet as follows: improve ecological environment, transform the pattern of economic development; implement well the relevant laws, regulations and preferential policies, perfect the supporting policies; strengthen the financial support, promote the development of private economy; improve the quality of workers in private economy, foster large quantities of entrepreneurs worth their salt.

Study on Statistical Features About Weak Earthquake Activity Before Moderately Strong Earthquakes in the Middle Northern Part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Block

In regards to the earthquakes recording M ≥ 5.0 that occurred in middle northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang （Tibet） Block from 1970 - 2003, in this study we describe the temporal and spatial centralization features of the weak earthquakes and the enhancement and anomalous quiescence of their seismic activity before main shocks through 4 parameters, which are basically not correlated： earthquake time centralization degree parameter Ct, earthquake space centralization degree parameter Cd, η value and weak earthquake frequency and so on. On the basis of calculation results, it has been seen that before earthquakes with M ≥ 5.0 took place in the middle northern part of the Qinghal-Xizang （Tibet） Block, the frequency of weak earthquakes often shows ascent and drop, their strength shows an obvious enhancement and the centralization distribution with time and space is evident.

TIBET IS MY HOMETOWN RECALLING TIBETANS' STUDYING ABROAD

In autumn of 1946 Tsering Wangdo,then just 12 years old, went to India to study. That was 60 years ago when I interviewed him in 2006. Obviously,the young man has gone but the

唐蕃交涉中的中书舍人行述研究

我国是一个多民族国家,中华民族发展史就是各民族以不同的方式相互联系、相互促进、相互融合的演进过程,中古时期唐蕃之间的交流与互动即是这一过程的生动体现。本文以两《唐书·吐蕃传》所载中书舍人为研究对象,聚焦唐蕃关系史上一直被忽略却又占据重要地位的中书舍人群体,探寻这一群体在唐代中书省中除了起草进画之外,还兼涉的参议政事、收集情报、分析战略、受命出使等社会功能。此外,吐蕃社会通过吸收整合唐代官制而设置的“知汉书舍人”,尽管与中书舍人的地位与职权天差地别,不可同日而语,但是这一群体在沟通唐蕃、修复旧好、密切关系方面却与中书舍人发挥了相似的作用,反映了吐蕃对汉文化的尊崇以及中华文化对吐蕃社会的浸润与融通。

西藏阿里地区曲龙遗址出土珠饰的科学研究

曲龙遗址位于西藏阿里地区札达县,出土了公元前7~前5世纪的白色滑石珠以及公元1~4世纪的赤红色不透明玻璃珠。通过分析这两种珠饰的工艺、原料,本文认为玻璃珠与巴拉遗址等南亚北部的玻璃珠相似,滑石珠显示出与西喜马拉雅高山地区滑石珠的密切联系。这些发现反映出各个时期的曲龙遗址先民可能与南亚次大陆北部存在物质交换,通过象泉河等河谷地带将低海拔或临近高山地区的装饰品带入当地的生活中。结合西藏西部、新疆南缘、河西走廊同时期的玻璃珠,研究发现公元前1千纪下半叶后,南亚类型的玻璃珠开始频繁出现于阿里地区以及新疆南缘,南亚珠饰的传播半径扩大,西藏西部地区参与进印度河流域与新疆甚至黄河流域的物质文化交流互动中。

Confinement and Semi-confinement Raising Fattening Technology of Yaks in Agricultural Areas of Tibet

In the study, confinement and semi-confinement raising fattening technology of yaks in agricultural areas of tibet were analyzed. And several suggestions for improving the efficiency of yak raising were put forward. Aiming at providing the reference of healthy raising and sustainable development of yaks in the agricul- tural areas of tibet.

JOURNALS on Tibet an Studies(Ⅱ)

ＥＤＩＴＯＲ＇ＳＮＯＴＥ：ＤｉｂａｏｐｕｂｌｉｓｈｅｄｕｎｄｅｒｒｅｉｇｎｏｆＴａｎｇＤｙｎａｓｔｙ（６１８－９０７）ＥｍｐｅｒｏｒＸｕａｎｚｏｎｇ（７１３－７４１）ｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｅａｒｌｉｅｓｔｏｆｉｃｉａｌｎｅ...

A Pioneer in Social Studies in Tibet

In May 1942, Li Youyi published his book on Han-Bo trade and the economic and educational organizations in Tibetan lamaseries. With 60 years devoted to Tibetan studies, Li is indeed a pioneer in the field. Now, aged 90, he is widely regarded as a sociologist who pioneered social studies in Tibet.Li entered Tibet in 1944 together with Shen Zonglian, Liu Shengqi and Li Maoyi. They belonged to the Office in Charge of Tibetan Affairs, stationed in Lhasa by the Nationalist government. The decision was made following

西藏阿里地区中等职业技术学校藏族学生心理健康状况调查

目的调查西藏阿里地区中等职业技术学校藏族学生心理健康状况,为促进阿里地区藏族青少年心理健康提供科学依据。方法将西藏阿里地区402名中等职业技术学校学生设为研究组,采用症状自评量表进行测评,并与国内常模比较。方法研究组症状自评量表的躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性因子评分高于国内中学生常模,强迫症状因子评分低于中学生常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。研究组症状自评量表的人际关系敏感因子与中职生常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余因子评分均高于国内中职生常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。研究组中男生和女生除人际关系敏感因子外,其余因子评分均高于中职生常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。研究组一年级、二年级学生各因子评分分别高于一年级和二年级常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),三年级学生人际关系敏感、敌对、精神病性3个因子评分高于三年级常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。研究组不同专业学生躯体化、强迫症状、敌对、恐怖、其他因子及总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01),其中酒店组总分最高,学前教育组总分最低。结论西藏阿里地区中等职业技术学校藏族学生心理健康状况较差,尤其是低年级及酒店等专业的学生心理问题突出,应重点关注并积极干预。

藏东南地区输电线路景观塔真型试验研究

高原之舟牦牛塔是适用于藏东南地区的新型输电线路景观塔,因其造型美观、经济性好,具有广泛的应用前景,推广前需进行试验验证。试验塔(ZNC33153B)根据现行规程规范设计,通过了大风、覆冰、安装、锚线、断线、不均匀冰共8个试验工况加载试验。试验结果表明:试验所得数据与设计计算及理论分析较吻合,说明高原之舟牦牛景观塔设计方法安全可靠合理,满足现行规范和线路安全运行的要求,可在工程中推广应用。试验塔加荷到135%试验荷载时,塔腿主材首先出现失稳破坏;曲臂K节点发生较大的横向变形,不影响其正常使用;试验塔瓶口节点下端主材屈服后仍可稳定承载;最大试验荷载下,试验塔整体最大位移与试验塔全高比为1.07%,满足正常使用条件,表明目前设计方法安全可靠。

苯教因明学文献与研学制度评介

Logic in Bon Religion is one of the important elements in the Logic popular in Tibet.This article based on a discussion of the development of Logic and the important literatures of Bon Religion,the process of and time phases of studying Logic of Bon Religion,describes four important characteristics of Logic of Bon Religion.Namely,there are similarities and differences between the Logic of Buddhism and that of Bon Religion first of all.Secondly,Logic of Bon Religion bears an invaluable tradition of traditional Tibetan culture regardless from the perspective of Logic,Philosophy,the literary works conducted by the respective scholars.Thirdly,like the other sciences,the development of Logic of Bon Religion experienced a process of from uncomplete to completion,from an independent subject to a science with various disciplines.Fourthly,Logic of Bon Religion is an academic field with a strong validity.

新藏铁路走向方案研究

新藏铁路是中长期铁路网规划和“十四五”铁路网规划中的重要部分,是新疆和西藏铁路网的重要组成。文中通过分析新疆、西藏地区既有铁路概况和城市规划,拟定新藏铁路的运量、主要技术标准;通过对和田至噶尔段、噶尔至萨嘎段、萨嘎至日喀则段线路走向、地质条件、环境敏感点、工程技术难点、工程经济条件等因素进行多角度深入比较分析,最终得出推荐方案,可以更好地带动新疆、西藏两省经济发展,为高海拔地区复杂山区铁路相关设计提供借鉴和指导。

西藏铜矿资源的分布规律与找矿前景初探

西藏成矿地质条件优越 ,其独特的地质发展历史和成矿作用过程 ,形成了区内复杂多样的矿床类型和丰富的矿产资源 ,其中铜矿是西藏的优势矿产。综合近年来在西藏开展的地质大调查工作的最新成果 ,在对西藏各铜矿带的主要矿床类型进行较为系统阐述的基础上 ,根据其资源找矿潜力 ,把西藏划分为 2个 级铜矿资源远景区和 3个 级铜矿资源远景区 ,指出一江两河经济区的冈底斯南缘铜 -金 -多金属 级远景区和藏东三江地区的江达 -盐井铜多金属、贵金属 级远景区是西藏 2个最为重要的铜矿资源远景区。尽管目前西藏地区尚属中国西部地质工作程度最低的地区之一 。

热管技术及其在多年冻土工程中的应用研究

热管技术是国外寒区工程中广泛使用的一项主动冷却地基土体的技术,青藏铁路修建之前,国内很少对此技术进行研究。本文针对应用于青藏铁路多年冻土工程中的热管类型,通过国内外的研究资料,综述了与青藏铁路热管应用效果相关的理论研究与工程实践成果。由于青藏铁路沿线独有的气候和冻土条件,文中的理论与实践方法与参数虽然不能简单照搬应用于青藏铁路的设计,但是可以对青藏铁路多年冻土区热管的设计与应用起到借鉴的作用。

青藏铁路沿线鼠疫生态与控制研究

目的通过研究和整理青藏铁路沿线人间鼠疫流行病学资料、喜马拉雅旱獭生态学和鼠疫流行病学资料、鼠疫细菌学特征以及2001～2006年鼠疫监测资料，总结出青藏铁路沿线鼠疫生态学基本内容，确定青藏铁路鼠疫综合防控策略。方法人间鼠疫资料通过查阅历史资料；利用微卫星技术研究旱獭生态学；现场调查方法研究疫源地结构、动物和昆虫种群结构；实验室常规检测鼠疫菌的生化、营养、毒力、药敏和遗传物质；藏系绵羊鼠疫和青海田鼠鼠疫调查按照《国家鼠疫监测方案》中的方法进行。结果自1966年以来青藏铁路沿线已累计发生人间鼠疫疫情11起，发病43人，死亡23人，病死率53．48％；喜马拉雅旱獭的繁殖与种群密度有关联性，旱獭对栖息地的选择与地形地貌和植被有关，所研究的各旱獭种群之间亲缘性较近；青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫菌属于青藏高原型，对Trp、Thr、Leu、Arg不依赖，而对Phe、Met、Cys依赖，对Ile和Glu表现出低营养。属于强毒力菌株，对广谱抗生素敏感，尤其对头孢类、喹诺酮类药物敏感。青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫菌都具有6、45Mdal，大质粒分别为52Mdal或65Mdal或92Mdal。结论本研究揭示了青藏铁路沿线宿主、媒介、病原体的生态学特点，掌握了人间和动物间鼠疫流行规律，为青藏铁路鼠疫防治提供了科学依据，并且可以改变目前鼠疫监测技术和方法的落后局面，对全国鼠疫监测工作具有重要的指导意义。

西藏高寒风沙化土地飞播可行性分析

雅鲁藏布江中游河谷及其支流拉萨河和年楚河沿岸地带是西藏社会经济发展的中心,但也是遭受风沙灾害影响严重的区域。分布于雅鲁藏布江和拉萨河两岸,特别是贡嘎机场和拉萨市周边的河岸流动沙地,是本区土地沙漠化危害严重的区域。在对我国低海拔地区沙地飞播成功经验进行系统分析和总结的基础上,从降水、温度、光照、地形地貌和风况条件5个方面对西藏高寒河谷风沙化土地飞播可行性进行了研究。结果表明,雅鲁藏布江中游河谷雨热同季,光温水配合较好,对植物生长极为有利。同时5月底6月初播种期风向交换频繁,有利于种子自然覆沙。选择能够适应西藏高寒风沙化土地特殊生境条件的乡土植物种和解决种子播后的位移问题将是西藏高寒风沙化土地飞播试验成败的关键。

亚热带气候环境下西藏小型猪部分血液生理生化指标的比较

目的比较研究西藏小型猪在亚热带气候环境下的部分血液生理生化指标。方法常规方法测定原代和F1代西藏小型猪血液的9项生理和9项生化指标,比较两代之间以及雌、雄之间的不同,并与其他实验动物及人类的同类指标进行对比分析。结果在生化指标中,原代雌雄之间AST差异显著;F1代雌雄之间TG、ALB有差异,BUN、CHOL有显著性差异。在生理指标中,原代雌、雄间无差异,F1代雌雄间MONO有显著性差异。结论西藏小型猪已经基本适应亚热带地区的环境。与其他实验动物相比西藏小型猪许多生理生化指标更接近人类,非常适合替代犬、猴用于生物医学研究。

高原藏猪在亚热带环境生长发育和繁殖特性的比较研究

通过常规方法,对引入到广州地区的藏猪G1代进行了生长发育和繁殖指标的测定,包括G1代藏猪不同月龄的体重、体尺(体高、体长、胸围)值。测定母猪每胎产仔猪数、初生头重、离乳数和离乳率等。结果表明:藏猪繁殖力的各项指标高于原产地放牧藏猪猪群,而低于舍饲的藏猪猪群;雌雄藏猪体重相比较,除了1月龄有极显著性差异(P<0.01)和2月龄有显著差异(P<0.05)外,其余月龄雌雄之间均无差异;体尺值随月龄增长逐渐增加,不同性别之间,除6月龄体高雄性高于雌性外(P<0.05),其余月龄不同性别藏猪均无差异(P>0.05)。说明经过2年的风土驯化,藏猪基本适应了亚热带气候环境,能够正常生长繁殖,并且保持了生长缓慢、小体型的特点,非常适合用于动物实验研究。