Using radiosonde and satellite observations, we investigated the trends of air temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in comparison with those over other regions in the same latitudes from 1979 to 2002. I...Using radiosonde and satellite observations, we investigated the trends of air temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in comparison with those over other regions in the same latitudes from 1979 to 2002. It is shown that Over the TP, the trends of air temperature changes in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere were out of phase with those in the lower to middle troposphere. Air temperature decreased and a decreasing trend appeared in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere. The amplitude of the annual or seasonal mean temperature decreases over the TP was larger than that over the whole globe. In the lower to middle troposphere over the TP, temperature increased, and the increasing trend was stronger than that over the non-plateau regions in the same latitudes in the eastern part of China. Meanwhile, an analysis of the satellite observed ozone data in the same period of 1979-2002 shows that over the TP, the total ozone amount declined in all seasons, and the ozone depleted the most compared with the situations in other regions in the same latitudes. It is proposed that the difference between the ozone depletion over the TP and that over other regions in the same latitudes may lead to the difference in air temperature changes. Because of the aggravated depletion of ozone over the TP, less (more) ultraviolet radiation was absorbed in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere (lower to middle troposphere) over the TP, which favored a stronger cooling in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere, and an intenser heating in the lower to middle troposphere over the TP. Therefore, the comparatively more depletion of ozone over the TP is possibly a reason for the difference between the air temperature changes over the TP and those over other regions in the same latitudes.展开更多
为研究青藏高原上空温度的变化特征,利用1979-2013年欧洲中心ERA-Interim月平均再分析资料,分析高原上空垂直方向上10个等压面层的温度变化趋势、空间分布、周期和突变现象,结果表明:(1)近35年来,高原上空以150 h Pa为界温度具有相...为研究青藏高原上空温度的变化特征,利用1979-2013年欧洲中心ERA-Interim月平均再分析资料,分析高原上空垂直方向上10个等压面层的温度变化趋势、空间分布、周期和突变现象,结果表明:(1)近35年来,高原上空以150 h Pa为界温度具有相反的变化趋势:600-200 h Pa显著升温,100-50 h Pa明显降温。其中,250 h Pa增温最快,70 h Pa降温最快,对流层的增温幅度小于平流层的降温幅度。(2)空间上,各层温度在高原不同区域的变化幅度均存在差异。(3)高原上空各等压面层温度场异常主要表现为全区一致型和东南-西北反相型。(4)各层气温均有明显的年际和年代际变化,主要周期为3-5年和10-12年。除150 h Pa外,1995年前后都发生了气候突变。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40675058Open Laboratory of Chengdu Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration under Grant No. LPM2008007
文摘Using radiosonde and satellite observations, we investigated the trends of air temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in comparison with those over other regions in the same latitudes from 1979 to 2002. It is shown that Over the TP, the trends of air temperature changes in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere were out of phase with those in the lower to middle troposphere. Air temperature decreased and a decreasing trend appeared in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere. The amplitude of the annual or seasonal mean temperature decreases over the TP was larger than that over the whole globe. In the lower to middle troposphere over the TP, temperature increased, and the increasing trend was stronger than that over the non-plateau regions in the same latitudes in the eastern part of China. Meanwhile, an analysis of the satellite observed ozone data in the same period of 1979-2002 shows that over the TP, the total ozone amount declined in all seasons, and the ozone depleted the most compared with the situations in other regions in the same latitudes. It is proposed that the difference between the ozone depletion over the TP and that over other regions in the same latitudes may lead to the difference in air temperature changes. Because of the aggravated depletion of ozone over the TP, less (more) ultraviolet radiation was absorbed in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere (lower to middle troposphere) over the TP, which favored a stronger cooling in the upper troposphere to lower stratosphere, and an intenser heating in the lower to middle troposphere over the TP. Therefore, the comparatively more depletion of ozone over the TP is possibly a reason for the difference between the air temperature changes over the TP and those over other regions in the same latitudes.
文摘为研究青藏高原上空温度的变化特征,利用1979-2013年欧洲中心ERA-Interim月平均再分析资料,分析高原上空垂直方向上10个等压面层的温度变化趋势、空间分布、周期和突变现象,结果表明:(1)近35年来,高原上空以150 h Pa为界温度具有相反的变化趋势:600-200 h Pa显著升温,100-50 h Pa明显降温。其中,250 h Pa增温最快,70 h Pa降温最快,对流层的增温幅度小于平流层的降温幅度。(2)空间上,各层温度在高原不同区域的变化幅度均存在差异。(3)高原上空各等压面层温度场异常主要表现为全区一致型和东南-西北反相型。(4)各层气温均有明显的年际和年代际变化,主要周期为3-5年和10-12年。除150 h Pa外,1995年前后都发生了气候突变。