Timing and structural controls on skarn-type and vein-type mineralization at the Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, Hunan Province, SE China

Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, located in the eastern Hunan Province, SE China, hosts quartz vein and skarn in the contact zone between carbonate and two stages granites. Critical geodynamic questions for South China are whether different types of mineralization form in the same time and how the magmatism–tectonic system controls the ore-forming process. Based on the distribution of the orebodies, six cassiterite samples from different types of mineralization are collected for dating. In-situ LA-MCICP-MS U–Pb isotopic data yielded concordia low intercept ages between 154 and 157 Ma, indicating that different types of mineralization belong to the same magmatism–mineralization system. Coupled with the study of the kinematic indicators, it suggests that the structural control of the wall rocks constrain the types of mineralization. These results provide further evidence of a close temporal link between the structure and the tin-polymetallic mineralization in Xitian deposit. Considering the structure in the district, granite dome plays an important role in the ore-forming process. The age and structural signatures in Xitian deposit are the response to the subduction of Pacific Plate.

Geology and sulfur isotope geochemistry of Dafulou tin-polymetallic deposit in Dachang orefield, Guangxi, China

No. 22 ore of Dafulou deposit was systematically analyzed for sulfur isotopes. The results show that the δ34S values of sulfide minerals, ranging from 0.154 to +0.218% and with an average value of +0.114 1%, are mostly positive and characterized by rich sulfur(S) content. This suggests that the sulfur of the Dafulou ore deposit is derived from magma and relates to the Longxianggai concealed granite, which points to the important role of magma during mineralization and implyies the product of the active continental margin. By comparison between the Dafulou and the Kengma tin deposit, significant differences exist in the sulfur isotope composition. In the Kengma deposit, the sulfur isotope composition is characterized by the high negative value, which is different from the Dafulou tin-polymetallic deposit. The difference of the enrichment and fractionation of the sulfur isotope is the synthesized result of the metallogenic conditions. It also has the difference in the metallogenic environment and metallogenic characteristics of the deposit in the same ore belt.

A Metallogenic Model of Tecto-Geochemistry on Tin-Polymetal Deposit in Malage Orefield of Gejiu Mining Area

By means of multivariance analysis and finite element on the basis of the analysis of generation andevolution of structural systems and structural system of syn-metallogenesis in the orefield,the authorsmade a research into the interrelation between tecto-geochemistry and structural stress field,revealedthe mechanism of metallogenesis by magma and ore-forming fluids driven under dynamic forces,andproposed a tecto-geochemistry model for the formation of the ore deposits,so as to suggest a basis oftheory for the prognoses of location and magnitude of hidden deposits.

Ore-forming material of Dachang tin deposit in Guangxi, China:Lead isotope evidence

For revealing the ore sources of the Dachang tin?polymetallic ore deposit, the lead isotopes were analyzed systematically by using the single minerals of sulphides, including pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, and galena. Then, the mineral sources and their characteristics were discussed based on the classical lead isotope discriminating model. The results show that the lead isotope ratios of206Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb, and208Pb/204Pb range from 17.478 to 18.638, 15.440 to 15.858, and 37.556 to 39.501, respectively. According to Zartman lead model, the ore lead contains the upper crust composition; however, the granite does not provide all ore leads, and other material sources exist. Obviously, the ore deposit belongs to the result of the combined effect of crust?mantle. The source rocks are characterized by a certain degree of similarity with the island arc material. Moreover, its distant origin in the upper and lower crusts may be related to the subduction island arc material or oceanic crust. The mantle-derived material may have a certain status in the source region. Meanwhile, based on the lead isotope three-dimensional topology projection vectors, the ore leads are concentrated in zoneA, which indicates the characteristics of Yangtze lead isotope province and a possible genetic relationship with Yangtze block.

Identification of the anomaly component using BEMD combined with PCA from element concentrations in the Tengchong tin belt, SW China

Concentration of elements or element groups in a geological body is the result of multiple stages of rockforming and ore-forming geological processes.An ore-forming element group can be identified by PCA(principal component analysis)and be separated into two components using BEMD(bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition):(1)a high background component which represents the ore-forming background developed in rocks through various geological processes favorable for mineralization(i.e.magmatism,sedimentation and/or metamorphism);(2)the anomaly component which reflects the oreforming anomaly that is overprinted on the high background component developed during mineralization.Anomaly components are used to identify ore-finding targets more effectively than ore-forming element groups.Three steps of data analytical procedures are described in this paper;firstly,the application of PCA to establish the ore-forming element group;secondly,using BEMD on the o re-forming element group to identify the anomaly components created by different types of mineralization processes;and finally,identifying ore-finding targets based on the anomaly components.This method is applied to the Tengchong tin-polymetallic belt to delineate ore-finding targets,where four targets for Sn(W)and three targets for Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe polymetallic mineralization are identified and defined as new areas for further prospecting.It is shown that BEMD combined with PCA can be applied not only in extracting the anomaly component for delineating the ore-finding target,but also in extracting the residual component for identifying its high background zone favorable for mineralization from its oreforming element group.