Tire Pressure Monitoring System Using SoC and Low Power Design

This paper presents the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) by using the system on chip (SoC) mixed signals with the help of Bluetooth transmission and in advantage of low power consumption design. This is to monitor the variations in temperature and pressure of the vehicle’s tire, and the TPMS system is involved. It improves the driver’s safety by automatically detecting the tire pressure and temperature and then warning signal is sent to driver to take a measure, which prevents from accident. The proposed system of tire pressure monitoring system using SoC increases the speed of indication time to the driver by using mixed signals. The inflation of the tire can be avoided by preventing from high temperature and high pressure. Limitation of temperature and pressure in the previous system is also elongated i.e. temperature from 40℃ to 125℃ and pressure from 0 to 750 Kpa. Sensors, wireless communication (Bluetooth dongle) and SoC unit are used to design the low power TPMS. Quantitative results are taken and the analogy between temperature and pressure is also verified. The tested results proved by need of the practical system. Signal conditioning voltage and SoC unit is the trace for low power design TPMS. Finally, the performance of the system is tested and executed by using proteus software given as a real time application.

New Method for Monitoring Tire Pressure of Cars Based on the Tire Radial Deformation

Monitoring tire pressure of cars and signaling abnormal conditions is an important means to prevent deadly accidents. Large achievements have been gained, especially in direct tire pressure monitoring system（TPMS）. But there has been rarely research on indirect TPMS in the world. In China, the research on indirect TPMS is almost lacking. The international research on the indirect monitoring tire pressure method is mainly based on measuring and comparing the rotating speed of wheels. But it is very difficult to measure wheel rotating speed accurately because of the influence of many random factors. In this paper, the authors propose a new method in which the tire pressure can be monitored indirectly. This method can be used for tire calibration, wheel speed frequency standardization, wheel speed frequency comparison, and abnormal tire pressure determination. The pulse frequencies from wheel speed sensors of ABS are used to indicate tire deformation. Because the frequency has a relationship with tire deformation, the tire deformation reflects the tire pressure. Small sample statistics is used in the new method to increase the accuracy, and the experimental samples using the principle of the new method have been made and tested. The result of vehicle tests on road demonstrates that the method is efficient and accurate to monitor tire pressure. The research has positive potential for developing products.

Applying Neural Networks for Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems

A proof-of-concept indirect tire-pressure monitoring system is developed using artificial neural networks to identify the tire pressure of a vehicle tire.A quarter-car model was developed with MATLAB and Simulink to generate simulated accelerometer output data.Simulation data are used to train and evaluate a recurrent neural network with long short-term memory blocks(RNN-LSTM)and a convolutional neural network(CNN)developed in Python with Tensorflow.Bayesian Optimization via SigOpt was used to optimize training and model parameters.The predictive accuracy and training speed of the two models with various parameters are compared.Finally,future work and improvements are discussed.

Design of Na-K Alloy Differential Pressure Sensor with On-line Monitoring Function

Because the melting point of the alkalis is very high and the metal activity is strong, the common pressure sensor can＇t be used to measure pressure of liquid metal. In this paper, a differential transformer differential pressure sensor for measuring liquid alkalis pressure is designed, the working principle and specific design plan of the sensor are introduced, the standard current signal （ 4 -20 mA） or digital communication RS485 can be output according to the needs, and the functions of remote monitoring and data optimization can be realized through the LAN interface.

A non-invasive method for gastrointestinal parameter monitoring

AIM: To propose a new, non-invasive method for monitoring 24-h pressure, temperature and pH value in gastrointestinal tract.METHODS: The authors developed a miniature, multifunctional gastrointestinal monitoring system, which comprises a set of indigestible biotelemetry capsules and a data recorder.The capsule, after ingested by patients, could measure pressure, temperature and pH value in the gastrointestinal tract and transmit the data to the data recorder outside the body through a 434 MHz radio frequency data link. After the capsule passed out from the body, the data saved in the recorder were downloaded to a workstation via a special software for further analysis and comparison.RESULTS: Clinical experiments showed that the biotelemetry capsules could be swallowed by volunteers without any difficulties. The data recorder could receive the radio frequency signals transmitted by the biotelemetry in the body. The biotelemetry capsule could pass out from the body without difficulties. No discomfort was reported by any volunteer during the experiment. In vivo pressure and temperature data were acquired.CONCLUSION: A non-invasive method for monitoring 24-h gastrointestinal parameters was proposed and tested by the authors. The feasibility and functionality of this method are verified by laboratory tests and clinical experiments.

地铁气体灭火系统气瓶微变形监测技术研究

市场上使用的部分消防气瓶已远超年限,存在潜在的安全隐患,容易发生气瓶爆炸事故。因此,为保障消防气瓶安全,研究开发了以检测消防气瓶微变形为基础的安全监测技术,采取在气瓶表面缠绕线型传感器的方法检测变形。通过气瓶爆破试验,验证了该技术可有效探测高压气瓶的微变形,并利用以太网将信息传输至大数据平台集中管理,实现主动监管功能。

轴向柱塞泵热特性及热力学建模实验研究

针对轴向柱塞泵在高压和高速工况下发热过快的问题,对柱塞泵热特性和热力学建模进行了仿真分析与实验研究。首先,在摩擦副发热理论基础上,考虑了泵内油液搅动摩擦与轴承摩擦发热源,研究了柱塞泵内发热机理和传热分析的热特性理论;然后,根据柱塞泵部件复杂和固流态域区分度高的特点,阐述了所采用的控制体积法原理,将泵划分为5个控制体积后,建立了以各个控制体温度变化为导向的热力学模型;最后,采用光纤光栅温度传感器和蓝牙无线温度传感器,针对不同的控制体节点设计了传感器封装结构和布置方法,共同组成了轴向柱塞泵在线热监测系统,并进行了在不同压力条件下的对照实验,对理论模型进行了有效性验证与分析。研究结果表明:对比实验和仿真结果,模型温度变化与实际误差值在5%左右,验证了该模型能准确地反映和预测泵热力学变化过程。该结果为柱塞泵热力学状态监测提供了故障诊断基础,并为液压系统热管理系统设计提供了理论基础和设计依据。

环境温度对血压的影响及相关管理策略

环境温度的季节性变化与血压波动及心血管疾病风险相关。本文全面综述了环境温度对血压的影响,阐明了其潜在机制,探讨了血压变化与温度以及心血管预后的关系,并提出了高血压患者与温度相关的血压波动的管理策略,以期为高血压的诊治提供帮助。

智能轮胎技术的发展

总结智能轮胎涉及的理论和技术发展现状。介绍智能轮胎的概念、特征、功能和分类,并分析国外知名轮胎企业的代表性智能轮胎产品的特点。智能轮胎产品系统基于普通轮胎基本结构特点和性能要求进行开发,融合了当前先进的数字电子技术,对轮胎和车辆工作状态进行有效监控和预测,有助于提高汽车的机动性能、舒适性、安全性及减小燃油消耗,成为汽车安全系统的关键部件。未来的智能轮胎系统以最大限度地提高自动驾驶汽车乘客的舒适性和安全性为主旨,同时最大程度地考虑其他交通参与者的安全和感受。

基于移动云的胎压监测系统设计与实现

针对传统的胎压监测系统存在制作成本高、无法远程监测等问题,文章设计了基于移动云的胎压、温度监测系统,使用STM32单元作为控制核心实现轮胎状况的实时监测。系统通过胎压和温度传感器获取轮胎相应的运行状态,结合单片机和4G模块将数据上传至云平台,当监测到胎压值不在安全阈值范围时,在云平台进行相应报警。结果表明:相较传统的胎压监测系统,该系统结合4G通信模块,实时监测更为便捷,能有效减少车胎状况异常引起的安全事故。

基于气测录井的高温高压地层压力随钻监测技术

基于气测录井地层压力监测基本原理,给出高温高压地层钻井液静态当量泥浆密度(ESD)和钻井液循环当量泥浆密度(ECD)的计算方法,并在此基础上对高温高压井地层压力进行随钻监测。研究发现,当井底压差增大时气测值呈指数式降低,且当井底压力处于过平衡状态时气测值不会降至0,而是保持一个较低的数值水平。据此分析泥浆循环气与循环压差以及单根气与静压差的相关关系,建立井底压差与气测值的相关方程,进而对地层压力作出定性和定量评价。

新型激光甲烷传感器的设计与应用研究

为了提高能源企业气体监测系统的准确性及扩展性,设计了一种新型激光甲烷传感器,同时兼顾压力补偿和温度补偿两种功能,从硬件设计及软件设计两方面进行了重点分析。通过对传感器性能进行测试,结果表明:传感器的常态误差很小,温度测量误差值小于4%,压力测量误差值小于3%,符合安全监控系统要求,可精准监测瓦斯气体。

安全仪表系统在乙炔氢氯化反应中的应用

介绍了安全仪表系统在乙炔氢氯化反应装置中的应用。通过具体案例阐述了连锁条件的设置和实施过程,并给出了安全连锁系统的运行与维护要点。

轮胎过热水硫化上下模温差的研究

为解决轮胎过热水硫化工艺中温差大问题,对硫化机中心机构压盖喷孔角度进行改进,并进行轮胎硫化测温试验。结果表明,中心机构压盖喷孔垂直、水平倾角均为15°可在内压蒸汽阶段减少低温冷凝水的产生,从而降低轮胎上下模温差。

硫化后充气压力和时间对航空轮胎性能的影响

选取27×7.7-15航空轮胎作为研究对象,研究硫化后充气压力和时间对航空轮胎性能的影响。分析胎体帘线张力与充气压力的关系以及帘线收缩率、收缩力与温度的关系,并通过热电偶测温法测量轮胎硫化后充气过程中温度随时间的变化情况,确定轮胎最小硫化后充气压力设为200 kPa,可以保证轮胎在胎体温度为160~170℃时出模胎体帘线不产生热收缩;硫化后充气时间设为1个硫化周期,可以保证轮胎冷却至环境温度。成品轮胎充气外缘尺寸及动态模拟试验验证了后充气压力和时间选取的合理性。

对压力蒸汽灭菌器物理检测分析必要性的探讨

本文对压力蒸汽灭菌设备的灭菌效果验证方法及灭菌物理指标参数的判断标准进行介绍,并对25台压力蒸汽灭菌器灭菌温度、时间和压力参数进行监测,验证了物理监测的重要性,为实际监测的必要性提供了依据。

高温高压井筒腐蚀监测系统研制与应用

为解决高温高压井筒油套环空腐蚀监测难题,基于电感腐蚀监测技术原理,采用多组测量试片串行连接、激励信号同步实施的方法,设计开发了耐温140℃、耐压70MPa、多通道同步监测油套管腐蚀的管状腐蚀探针监测系统,该探针监测装置与油管的连接方式采用卡接式连接,避免了装置焊接对油管腐蚀的影响。采用现场采出液在140℃、70MPa实验条件下,对该装置的耐温耐压性能和数据可靠性进行了测试,监测数据与高温高压腐蚀模拟结果偏差低于5%,耐温耐压性能良好。最后,对该腐蚀监测系统进行了现场应用测试,结果表明,研制的井筒腐蚀探针监测系统运行良好,监测数据与现场挂片相对误差为8.32%。该监测系统能够满足苛刻环境下井筒的腐蚀监测要求,为有效掌握井筒油套环空腐蚀状况和高温高压井筒的腐蚀监测提供了新的技术手段。

基于ARM的农用拖拉机轮胎胎压与温度监测系统设计

首先,介绍了压力和温度对轮胎的影响,设计了胎压和温度检测方案;然后,从硬件和软件实现了基于ARM的农用拖拉机轮胎胎压与温度监测系统。实验结果表明:测试过程中对4个轮胎的压力、温度和电压进行采集,其结果符合实际测量值,证明了系统的可行性和可靠性。

考虑轮胎载荷转移影响的复合式胎压监测补偿修正方法

车辆在加速和爬坡时会产生载荷转移,导致胎压监测结果受到干扰,针对该问题,提出了基于轮胎载荷的胎压监测结果补偿修正方法。基于双重无迹卡尔曼滤波对车辆质量和质心位置进行了双重估计,采用递推最小二乘法(RLS)进行了坡度识别。利用轮胎转毂试验台进行试验,得到载荷、车速、胎压和轮胎下沉量的数据,拟合了载荷、车速、胎压与轮胎下沉量的关系表达式。利用坡度识别,通过车辆质量和质心位置的估计,计算四轮独立载荷,修正相应的轮速脉冲。试验结果表明:没有载荷修正的胎压计算值存在20%的稳定误差和大幅度波动;加入载荷修正,虽有一定的迟滞性和波动,但会很快收敛到真实值,稳定误差在5%以内,解决了因载荷变化导致胎压估算不准确的问题。

声纳液面监测技术测得的液面深度修正方法

井口带压导致声纳液面监测技术存在15%的不准确性,究其原因为系统默认声音的传播速度为340 m/s。通过修正不同条件、不同气体组份的声速,设计了一款计算软件,引入烃、二氧化碳、氧气等混合气体的压缩因子、密度、比热容比、摩尔质量等参数,可计算出不同条件下的实际声速,提高了井口带压井的液面位置的准确性。顺北X井利用原方法和修正方法分别对声纳液面监测技术结果进行计算,结果显示,两种方法得到的液面深度变化趋势一致,但修正方法得到的液面深度值更准确。声纳液面监测技术的液面深度修正方法经矿场应用120井次,精确的液面数据为井控安全提供了科学保障。