Health-related quality of life of 256 recipients after liver transplantation

AIM:To investigate health-related quality of life(HRQoL) and psychological outcomes in 256 adults who had undergone liver transplantation(LT).METHODS:A stratified random sampling method was used in this follow-up multicenter study to select a representative sample of recipients undergoing either living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) or deceased donor liver transplantation(DDLT).HRQoL was measured by using the Chinese version of Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36(SF-36),and psychological outcomes by using the beck anxiety inventory(BAI) and the self-rating depression scale(SDS).Clinical and demographic data were collected from the records of the Chinese Liver Transplant Registry and via questionnaires.RESULTS:A total of 256 patients were sampled,including 66(25.8%) receiving LDLT and 190(74.2%) undergoing DDLT;15(5.9%) recipients had anxiety and four(1.6%) developed severe depression after the operation.Compared with LDLT recipients,DDLT patients had higher scores in general health(60.33 ± 16.97 vs 66.86 ± 18.42,P = 0.012),role-physical(63.64 ± 42.55 vs 74.47 ± 36.46,P = 0.048),roleemotional(61.11 ± 44.37 vs 78.95 ± 34.31,P = 0.001),social functioning(78.60 ± 22.76 vs 88.16 ± 21.85,P = 0.003),vitality(70.30 ± 15.76 vs 75.95 ± 16.40,P = 0.016),mental health(65.88 ± 12.94 vs 71.85 ± 15.45,P = 0.005),physical component summary scale(PCS,60.07 ± 7.36 vs 62.58 ± 6.88,P = 0.013) and mental component summary scale(MCS,52.65 ± 7.66 vs 55.95 ± 10.14,P = 0.016).Recipients > 45 years old at the time of transplant scored higher in vitality(77.33 ± 15.64 vs 72.52 ± 16.66,P = 0.020),mental health(73.64 ± 15.06 vs 68.00 ± 14.65,P = 0.003) and MCS(56.61 ± 10.00 vs 54.05 ± 9.30,P = 0.037) than those aged ≤ 45 years.MCS was poorer in recipients with than in those without complications(52.92 ± 12.21 vs 56.06 ± 8.16,P = 0.017).Regarding MCS(55.10 ± 9.66 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05) and PCS(61.93 ± 7.08 vs 50.0 ± 10.0,P < 0.05),recipients scored better than the Sichuan general and had improved overall QoL compared to patients with chronic diseases.MCS and PCS significantly correlated with scores of the BAI(P < 0.001) and the SDS(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Age > 45 years at time of transplant,DDLT,full-time working,no complications,anxiety and depression were possible factors influencing postoperative HRQoL in liver recipients.

Quality of life and psychological outcome of donors after living donor liver transplantation

AIM: To investigate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological outcome of donors after living donor liver transplantation. METHODS: Participants were 92 consecutive liver transplant donors who underwent hepatectomy with- out middle hepatic vein at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2007 and Sep- tember 2010. HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), and psychological symptoms were measured using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Data collected from donors were compared to previ- ously published data from the general population. Clin- ical and demographic data were collected from medical records and questionnaires.RESULTS: The general health score of the SF-36 was significantly lower in females (59.78 ± 12.25) than in males (75.83 ± 22.09). Donors more than 40 years old scored higher in social functioning (85.71 ± 14.59) and mental health (82.61 ± 20.00) than those younger than 40 (75.00 ± 12.13, 68.89 ± 12.98; social func- tioning and mental health, respectively). Donors who had surgery more than two years prior to the study scored highest in physical functioning (P = 0.001) and bodily pain (P = 0.042) while those less than one year from surgery scored lowest. The health of the liver recipient significantly influenced the general health (P = 0.042), social functioning (P = 0.010), and role- emotional (P = 0.028) of donors. Donors with full-time employment scored highest in role-physical (P = 0.005), vitality (P = 0.001), social functioning (P = 0.016), mental health (P < 0.001), the physical component summary scale (P < 0.001), and the mental compo- nent summary scale (MCS) (P < 0.001). Psychological measures indicated that donors were healthier than the general population in obsessive-compulsive behav- ior, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, and para- noid ideation. The MCS of the SF-36 was significantly correlated with most symptom scores of the SCL-90-R. CONCLUSION: HRQoL and psychological outcome were favorable in living liver transplant donors after donation. Specifically, gender, age, time since opera- tion, recipient health condition, and employment after donation, influenced postoperative quality of life.

Health-related quality of life in living liver donors after transplantation

BACKGROUND:Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has recently emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative for patients with end-stage liver disease.In the meantime,the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the donors is becoming better appreciated.Here we aimed to review the current literature and summarize the effects of liver donation on the long-term HRQoL of living donors.DATA SOURCES:A literature search of PubMed using 'donors','living donor liver transplantation','health-related quality of life',and 'donation' was performed,and all the information was collected.RESULTS:The varied postoperative outcomes of liver donors are attributive to the different evaluation instruments used.On the whole,donors experienced good long-term physical and mental well-being with a few complaining of compromised quality of life due to mild symptoms or psychiatric problems.The psychosocial dimension has received increasing attention with the vocational,interpersonal and financial impact of liver donation on donors mostly studied.CONCLUSIONS:Generally,donors have a good HRQoL after LDLT.Nevertheless,to achieve an ideal donor outcome,further work is necessary to minimize the negative effects as well as to incorporate recent progress in regenerative medicine.

Donors’ Quality of Life after Live Liver Transplantation and Social Support: A Correlation Study

Objective: Donors’ quality of life (QOL) and social support were investigated in this study. Method: The SF-36 scale and social support scale were used to survey the quality of life and social support of donors of live liver transplantation. Result: The PCS (Physical Correlated Score) is 84.78 ± 13.21, the MCS (Mental Correlated Score) is 80.71 ± 14.65, and the total score is 165.49 ± 22.63. The results show the significant difference at GH (General Health) & VT (Vitality) domain regarding the age, P < 0.05;while there’s a significant difference at BP (Body Pain) domain regarding the sex, P < 0.05. The social support score of male & female donors are 37.75 ± 7.50 and 44.00 ± 4.30, and the difference is significant, P < 0.05. The MCS and the social support score are correlated, the correlation factor is 0.483, P < 0.05. Conclusion: There’s no significant difference between the donors and the normal population. The age is the risk factor of QOL, and it should be paid more attention when we select the donor. Excellent social support relates to high quality of life.

A Brief Analysis of African American Vernacular English(AAVE)-A Case Study of an AAVE Hip-Pop Song "Live Your Life"

This paper tries to analyse the linguistic feafures of AAVE with a case study of a typical and popular AAVE hip-pop"Live your life"song sang by T.I.and Rihanna.And it also briefly analyses the potential social reasons that may contribute to the particular linguistic features of AAVE which is different from those of Standard American English.

Impact of community-based rehabilitation on quality of life and self-esteem of persons with physical disabilities and their family members

Objective:Community-based rehabilitation(CBR)is a strategy by which persons living with disability(PWDs)access comprehensive rehabilitation services with limited evidence regarding its impact on the quality of life(QOL)and self-esteem(SE)of PWDs and their family members.This study compared the QOL and SE of Nigerian PWDs in communities with and without a CBR programme(CBR and non-CBR respectively),and the family quality of life(FQOL)of their family members.Methods:Cross-sectional study involving 2604 PWDs(1302 in CBR and 1302 in non-CBR);5208 family members of PWDs(2604 in CBR and 2604 non-CBR),recruited from four randomly selected geo-political zones in Nigeria,purposive/consecutive selection of eight CBR programmes,PWDs and their family members(CBR and non-CBR).Outcomes assessed using Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES),World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-short form(WHOQOL-BREF)and Beach Centre Family Quality of Life Instrument(BCFQOL).Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank order correlation were used to analyse data at P<0.05.Results:PWDs in CBR scored higher in all domains of WHOQOL-BREF(P<0.0001 in all cases)and RSES than non-CBR group(P<0.0001).The CBR families scored significantly higher than non-CBR families in all domains(P<0.05)except Emotional Well-Being of the BCFQOL.The CBR group scores on Psychological and Social Health domains of the WHOQOL-BREF showed significant positive correlation with CBR families'Family Interaction(P=0.06)and Parenting(P=0.07)domains and total FQOL(P=0.07).Conclusion:Community-based rehabilitation positively impacted on SE and QOL of PWDs and their family members.

People With HIV Now Live a Better Life

As a UN Volunteer, working with UNAIDS China, I have the opportunity to get involved in a wide range of areas. From working with community-based organizations, set up by people living with HIV to interacting with the media on topics related to HIV/AIDS to sup- porting campaigns to fight HIV/AIDS- related discrimination in the workplace, I get to do it all.

中国农民生活富裕的时空分异、宏观影响因素及作用机制

生活富裕涉及农民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题,是实施乡村振兴战略的根本落脚点和实现共同富裕的必然要求。在构建兼顾物质与精神、绝对与相对、静态与动态、货币与非货币形式等不同层面的农民生活富裕评价指标体系的基础上,利用2015—2021年中国省级面板数据,通过熵值法、核密度估计、固定效应模型等方法实证分析中国农民生活富裕水平的时空分异特征、宏观影响因素及调节作用机制。结果表明:中国农民生活富裕水平整体大幅提升,但存在明显的区域差异、维度差异和省际差异。发展省域经济、推动城镇化建设、因地制宜扩大农作物播种面积、引导产业结构高度化与合理化均能提高农民生活富裕水平,但经济发展、城镇化率、产业结构高度化对农民生活富裕水平的影响存在“替代效应”,且金融集聚水平的提升会削弱省域经济发展对农民生活富裕的促进作用。

膝关节及其周围损伤患者关节挛缩的危险因素分析

目的探讨膝关节及其周围损伤后关节挛缩相关危险因素,为膝关节挛缩患者早期康复干预提供思路。方法回顾性分析2017年7月至2023年1月就诊于安徽医科大学第二附属医院的150例膝关节及其周围损伤患者病历资料。根据关节挛缩的状况将患者分为关节挛缩组(病例组)和非关节挛缩组(对照组)。收集患者的性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)、损伤类型、疼痛评分、未有效康复干预时长等基本资料,建立多因素模型并进行统计学分析。结果膝关节及其周围损伤后发生关节挛缩104例,关节挛缩发生率69.33%;病例组和对照组性别、损伤类型、视觉模拟评分(VAS)和未有效康复干预时长的分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组和对照组患者年龄、BMI比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论男性、VAS≥3分、损伤类型、未有效康复干预时长≥30 d是关节挛缩发生的危险因素。

乌鲁木齐市社区老年人衰弱现状及其影响因素

目的探讨乌鲁木齐市社区老年人衰弱现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取新疆乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区的223例老年人作为研究对象,采用基本信息资料调查问卷、ADLs量表、MMSE量表、GDS-15量表、SSRS量表和SF-36量表进行问卷调查,应用单因素分析和二分类logistic回归分析老年衰弱人群的影响因素。结果社区老年人群衰弱发生率为12.11%(27/223)。单因素分析结果显示:衰弱与非衰弱患者年龄、家庭收入、医疗费用支付方式、患疾病种类、SSRS得分、GDS-15得分及SF-36量表中的情感职能、社会功能得分比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、患疾病种类(≥2种)、抑郁是衰弱发生的危险因素(P均<0.05),家庭收入(≥2000元)、医保、社会支持(客观支持、主观支持和对社会支持的利用度)、情感职能、社会功能是衰弱发生的保护因素(P均<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市社区老年人衰弱发生率较高,年龄、患疾病种类、抑郁、家庭收入、医保、社会支持、情感职能、社会功能是衰弱发生的影响因素。

“互联网+延续性护理”对轻度失能老年患者生活质量及家庭照顾者准备度的影响

目的探讨“互联网+延续性护理”服务在轻度失能老年患者及家庭照护者中的应用效果。方法本研究为随机对照研究,将80例轻度失能老年患者分为对照组和干预组,每组40例,干预组接受“互联网+延续性护理”服务,对照组接受传统的延续性护理服务。通过对两组患者进行生活质量评估(SF-36)、日常生活活动能力(Barthel指数)评估及对其家庭照护者进行照顾者准备度(GPS)评估来比较两组之间的差异。结果与对照组相比,干预后干预组轻度失能老年患者在整体健康、躯体功能、社会功能、情绪角色等方面的表现明显得到改善(P<0.01),且Barthel指数评分明显提高(P<0.01),其家庭照护者照顾者准备度(GPS)评分明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论“互联网+延续性护理”服务能有效改善轻度失能老年患者的生活质量,提高其日常生活活动能力。这种服务的引入可以弥补传统护理服务在时效性、渠道多样性和便捷程度上的不足,提供更加高效、便捷、形式丰富的护理服务,同时对提高其家庭照护者照顾者准备度也有积极的影响。

急诊科护理实习生死亡应对能力现状及影响因素研究

目的 调查急诊科护理实习生的死亡应对能力现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年8月-2023年4月在河南省、陕西省、甘肃省各1所三级甲等医院急诊科的217名护理实习生为研究对象,采用生命意义感量表、简化版死亡应对能力量表、中文版死亡态度描绘量表对其进行调查。结果 回收有效问卷93.5%。急诊科护理实习生的死亡应对能力得分为(37.99±8.50)分,处于中等偏下水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,学校是否设置死亡教育或安宁疗护课程、是否支持生前预嘱、生命意义感、趋近接受是急诊科护理实习生死亡应对能力水平的影响因素(P<0.05),可解释29.8%的总变异。结论 急诊科护理实习生死亡应对能力有待提升。临床教学应弥补学校死亡教育的相对不足,引导其深层次思考死亡事件并培养正向死亡态度,立足中国传统文化探寻生命意义感,从而提升护理实习生的死亡应对能力。

系统化干预对急诊肝癌合并消化道出血患者心理状态及生活质量的影响

目的探讨系统化干预对急诊肝癌合并消化道出血患者心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法根据干预方式的不同将101例急诊肝癌合并消化道出血患者分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=51),对照组患者接受常规干预,观察组患者在对照组的基础上接受系统化干预。比较两组患者的止血效果、心理状态[抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)]、生活质量[欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生命质量测定量表(EORTC QLQ-C30)]、不良反应发生情况及满意度。结果观察组患者的止血总有效率为98.04%,高于对照组患者的82.00%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,两组患者SDS、SAS评分均低于本组干预前,EORTC QLQ-C30量表各维度评分均高于本组干预前,观察组患者SDS、SAS评分均低于对照组,EORTC QLQ-C30量表各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者的并发症总发生率为3.92%,明显低于对照组患者的22.00%,总满意度为100%,明显高于对照组患者的80.00%,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论系统化干预应用于急诊肝癌合并消化道出血患者,止血效果明显,能够改善患者的生活质量及心理状态,降低并发症发生率,患者满意度较高。

“互联网+居家护理”在志愿护理服务中的应用效果

目的探讨"互联网+居家护理"在志愿护理服务中的应用效果。方法选取2020年12月至2021年12月"党群服务365平台"82例需要服务人群作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(41例)和观察组(41例)。对照组实施常规医疗服务,观察组实施"互联网+居家护理"服务,两组均持续护理12个月。比较两组的医院看病次数、医疗花费情况、日常生活能力、精神状态、照护者照护技能水平以及生活满意度。结果观察组医院看病次数、医疗花费情况均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分低于对照组,简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、照护技能水平评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后生活满意度调查表(LSR)各项评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过互联网平台,护理志愿者对服务人群进行居家护理,能够改善服务人群的精神状态,促使其保持身心健康,提高生活自理能力,还能提高照护者的护理技能,一定程度上减少看病次数和医疗花费,从而提升服务人员满意度。

养生智慧下未来健康乡居设计研究——以湖北来凤县舍米湖村为例

从传统文化“和”的养生思想出发,以湖北省舍米湖村为研究对象,从物理空间环境、精神环境与自然资源几个方面解析,梳理恩施地区传统村落的养生特征。通过国内外养老模式分析,概括当前我国的养老现状,以养生智慧为视角,提出未来健康乡居设计策略,即以养生智慧为指导的综合性居住理念,通过环境设计、社会参与、精神关怀等介入,为老年人打造一个宜居的居住环境,满足当代人对健康、舒适和可持续生活方式的追求。

脊髓损伤康复患者同侪训练方案的设计及应用研究

目的 设计脊髓损伤(SCI)康复患者同侪训练方案并探讨该方案对日常生活活动能力(ADL)和生活质量(QOL)的影响。方法 选取2022年5-12月在我院住院的SCI康复期患者40例进行同侪训练,同侪训练方案包括基础体能训练、生活重建模拟训练、居家环境无障碍改造、驾驶证与出行、职业憧憬。采用改良Barthel指数评分(MBI)和生活质量测定量表(WHOQOL-BREF)评价干预前和干预10周(2个循环)后患者的ADL和QOL。结果 干预10周后,患者MBI评分高于干预前,WHOQOL-BREF的生理维度、心理维度、社会关系维度、环境维度4个维度得分均高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 同侪训练应用于SCI康复期患者,能够有效提升患者ADL和QOL。

增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变患者疾病感知与抑郁在日常生活能力与健康相关生活质量间的链式中介作用

目的:探讨增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变患者疾病感知、抑郁在日常生活能力与健康相关生活质量间的链式中介作用。方法:选择356名增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变患者为研究对象,采用日常生活能力量表、简易疾病感知问卷、抑郁自评量表及视功能损害眼病患者生存质量量表对患者进行测量,采用Process软件Bootstrap法进行链式中介作用检验。结果:日常生活能力受损水平与疾病感知、抑郁程度呈显著正相关(r=0.336,P<0.01;r=0.260,P<0.01),与健康相关生活质量呈显著负相关(r=-0.365,P<0.01);疾病感知与抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.308,P<0.01),与健康相关生活质量呈显著负相关(r=-0.888,P<0.01);抑郁与健康相关生活质量呈显著负相关(r=-0.391,P<0.01);疾病感知、抑郁在日常生活能力与健康相关生活质量间链式中介作用显著(P<0.05),中介效应为-0.25,中介效应占比为83.33%。结论:日常生活能力是增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变患者健康相关生活质量的重要影响因素,疾病感知与抑郁在其间起链式中介作用。

“三生”融合视角下乡村振兴模式与路径——基于阳朔道山村的调研与实践

该文通过长期驻村调研和行动研究,从“三生”融合视角探讨道山村乡村振兴模式与路径。道山村通过生态化系统化的总体规划为先导,建立健全基础组织机构;打造生态产业示范点,以点带面;通过粪污集中生态化处理和垃圾分类建构生态化生活;通过生态文化来赋能乡村,在桂北乡村振兴模式中树立了“三生”融合发展的新典范。

未来哲学、人类希望——《中国和生哲学》阐论

钱耕森先生深研中国哲学30余年,创立了“中国和生哲学”新体系。该哲学体系凝聚为一部新著(遗著)--《中国和生哲学》,即将出版。《中国和生哲学》不仅反映了钱耕森先生最后的思想发展,也是对他之前《大道和生学研究》一书的超越,是一部史论结合、体用结合之作,内容丰富,体系完整而缜密。该书可从五个方面阐述总结:一、“中国和生哲学”的主要内容及理论创新;二、追道求和、漫漫求索路;三、学贯古今、打通各家显主脉;四、经世致用、三态和生致太和;五、未来之哲学、人类之希望。

早期康复治疗联合家庭康复训练在小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿中的应用效果

目的探讨早期康复治疗联合家庭康复训练干预对小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿的临床效果。方法选取2020年2月至2022年9月泰安市妇幼保健院收治的52例小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿为研究对象,采用投掷硬币法将其分为参照组(n=26)和研究组(n=26)。参照组采用家庭康复训练方式;研究组采用早期康复治疗联合家庭康复训练方式,两组均保持为期2周的干预。比较两组小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿的护理总有效率、生存质量评分(社交功能评分、情感功能评分及生理功能评分)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分及肢体运动功能评定量表(FMA)评分。结果研究组小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿护理总有效率高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿社交功能评分、情感功能评分及生理功能评分高于护理前,且研究组高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿ADL评分及FMA评分高于护理前,且研究组高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床给予小儿脑损伤及脑瘫患儿早期康复治疗联合家庭康复训练干预,对于患儿护理效果、生存质量、日常生活能力及肢体运动功能的提升具有显著效果。