Metabolism of four tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines （TSNAs）, N＇-nitrosonornicotine （NNN）, N＇-nitrosoanatabine （NAT）, N＇-nitrosoanabasine （NAB） and 4-（methyl nitrosamino）-1- （3-pyridyl）-1-butanone （NNK）...Metabolism of four tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines （TSNAs）, N＇-nitrosonornicotine （NNN）, N＇-nitrosoanatabine （NAT）, N＇-nitrosoanabasine （NAB） and 4-（methyl nitrosamino）-1- （3-pyridyl）-1-butanone （NNK） was studied by solid-phase extraction （SPE） and liquid chromato- graphy-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS）. SPE and LC-ESI-MS method was evaluated to be rapid, simple, sensitive and selective for analysis of TSNAs in rabbit serum. The doses of TSNAs administrated were 4.666 μg/kg and 11.665 μg/kg according to different levels in cigarettes. Metabolic curves of four TSNAs and 4-（methyl nitrosamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）- 1-butanone （NNAL）, the metabolite of NNK, were obtained.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the application of Sargassum fusiforme(Harv.)Setch.in cigarettes.[Methods]Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in the smoke of cigarettes added with ethanol extract of S.fu...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the application of Sargassum fusiforme(Harv.)Setch.in cigarettes.[Methods]Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in the smoke of cigarettes added with ethanol extract of S.fusiforme were determined,and the compounds related to the aroma of S.fusiforme were identified by flavor-smelling experiment.[Results]With the addition of the ethanol extract of S.fusiforme,the decrease in the total amount of four tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke reached 16.42%.The results of the flavor-smelling experiment showed that the aroma of S.fusiforme might be related to(R)-5,6,7,7A-tetrahydro-4,4,7A-trimethyl-2(4H)-benzofuranone,glycerol,ethyl palmitate,methyl palmitate,ethyl linoleate,methyl(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate,ethyl(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate,phytol,and tetradecanoic acid.[Conclusions]The ethanol extract of S.fusiforme has the potential function of reducing the content of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in smoke and improving the taste of cigarettes.展开更多
Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food,water,some pharmaceuticals as well as tobacco.The objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption...Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food,water,some pharmaceuticals as well as tobacco.The objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption and nitrosamine contents,and assessing the health risks of tobacco nitrosamines exposure to Chinese smokers.We searched the publications in English from“Web of Science”and those in Chinese from the“China National Knowledge Infrastructure”in 2022 and collected 151 literatures with valid information.The content of main nitrosamines in tobacco,including 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK),N-nitrosonornicotine(NNN),N-nitrosoanatabine(NAT),N-nitrosoanabasine(NAB),total tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNA),and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)were summarized.The information of daily tobacco consumption of smokers in 30 provinces of China was also collected.Then,the intakes of NNN,NNK,NAT,NAB,TSNAs,and NDMA via tobacco smoke were estimated as 1534ng/day,591 ng/day,685 ng/day,81 ng/day,2543 ng/day,and 484 ng/day by adult smokers in30 provinces,respectively.The cancer risk(CR)values for NNN and NNK inhalation intake were further calculated as 1.44×10^(-5)and 1.95×10^(-4).The CR value for NDMA intake via tobacco smoke(inhalation:1.66×10^(-4))indicates that NDMA is similarly dangerous in tobacco smoke when compared with the TSNAs.In China,the CR values caused by average nitrosamines intake via various exposures and their order can be estimated as the following:smoke(3.75×10^(-4))>food(1.74×10^(-4))>drinking water(1.38×10^(-5)).Smokers in China averagely suffer 200%of extra cancer risk caused by nitrosamines in tobacco when compared with non-smokers.展开更多
文摘Metabolism of four tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines （TSNAs）, N＇-nitrosonornicotine （NNN）, N＇-nitrosoanatabine （NAT）, N＇-nitrosoanabasine （NAB） and 4-（methyl nitrosamino）-1- （3-pyridyl）-1-butanone （NNK） was studied by solid-phase extraction （SPE） and liquid chromato- graphy-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS）. SPE and LC-ESI-MS method was evaluated to be rapid, simple, sensitive and selective for analysis of TSNAs in rabbit serum. The doses of TSNAs administrated were 4.666 μg/kg and 11.665 μg/kg according to different levels in cigarettes. Metabolic curves of four TSNAs and 4-（methyl nitrosamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）- 1-butanone （NNAL）, the metabolite of NNK, were obtained.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the application of Sargassum fusiforme(Harv.)Setch.in cigarettes.[Methods]Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in the smoke of cigarettes added with ethanol extract of S.fusiforme were determined,and the compounds related to the aroma of S.fusiforme were identified by flavor-smelling experiment.[Results]With the addition of the ethanol extract of S.fusiforme,the decrease in the total amount of four tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke reached 16.42%.The results of the flavor-smelling experiment showed that the aroma of S.fusiforme might be related to(R)-5,6,7,7A-tetrahydro-4,4,7A-trimethyl-2(4H)-benzofuranone,glycerol,ethyl palmitate,methyl palmitate,ethyl linoleate,methyl(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate,ethyl(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate,phytol,and tetradecanoic acid.[Conclusions]The ethanol extract of S.fusiforme has the potential function of reducing the content of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in smoke and improving the taste of cigarettes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22076091)the Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong(No.2020CXGC011406)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.8212029)the joint project of the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control(No.21L01ESPC)。
文摘Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food,water,some pharmaceuticals as well as tobacco.The objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption and nitrosamine contents,and assessing the health risks of tobacco nitrosamines exposure to Chinese smokers.We searched the publications in English from“Web of Science”and those in Chinese from the“China National Knowledge Infrastructure”in 2022 and collected 151 literatures with valid information.The content of main nitrosamines in tobacco,including 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK),N-nitrosonornicotine(NNN),N-nitrosoanatabine(NAT),N-nitrosoanabasine(NAB),total tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNA),and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)were summarized.The information of daily tobacco consumption of smokers in 30 provinces of China was also collected.Then,the intakes of NNN,NNK,NAT,NAB,TSNAs,and NDMA via tobacco smoke were estimated as 1534ng/day,591 ng/day,685 ng/day,81 ng/day,2543 ng/day,and 484 ng/day by adult smokers in30 provinces,respectively.The cancer risk(CR)values for NNN and NNK inhalation intake were further calculated as 1.44×10^(-5)and 1.95×10^(-4).The CR value for NDMA intake via tobacco smoke(inhalation:1.66×10^(-4))indicates that NDMA is similarly dangerous in tobacco smoke when compared with the TSNAs.In China,the CR values caused by average nitrosamines intake via various exposures and their order can be estimated as the following:smoke(3.75×10^(-4))>food(1.74×10^(-4))>drinking water(1.38×10^(-5)).Smokers in China averagely suffer 200%of extra cancer risk caused by nitrosamines in tobacco when compared with non-smokers.
