In China, most directions of river flowing are from west to east. During historic period, since the water traffic played an important role, it was very important to form a cross-horizontal net of water carriage route....In China, most directions of river flowing are from west to east. During historic period, since the water traffic played an important role, it was very important to form a cross-horizontal net of water carriage route. Canals should be dug so as to make up the lack of north-south river. Tongji Grand Canal, dug in the first year of Daye (605 A.D.) in the Sui Dynasty, was the important component of north-south system of Grand Canals in China. It promoted economic and social development of the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties (605 A.D.-1279 A.D.). As Tongji Canal (i.e. Tongji Grand Canal) flowed across the Huaibei Plain, which is aggraded by abundant mud and sand deposit resulted from the Huanghe (Yellow) River flooding, many traces (such as old channel) and human culture heritages were buried under mud-sand. Tongji Canal was silted up, and disappeared in the Jin Dynasty (1115 A.D.-1234 A.D.). From then on, there were many different stories about the flowing route of the canal in historical literature. Based on space-bone and air-bone remote sensing imagery, we attempt to search the old channel of Tongji Canal, and supplement historical record. The paper discusses transformation process of Tongji Canal’s traffic function, and resumptively summarizes the reasons of the transformation, which results from synthetic function of physical geographical, political, economic, and social conditions.展开更多
Background:Lumbar disc herniation is the most common back pain disorder characterized by lumbago-leg pain in clinical practice.The treatment of lumbar disc herniation in Western medicine mainly contains the operative ...Background:Lumbar disc herniation is the most common back pain disorder characterized by lumbago-leg pain in clinical practice.The treatment of lumbar disc herniation in Western medicine mainly contains the operative or non-operative interventions(nerve block therapy,etc.)to relieve pain.Although the pain relief is fast and the short-term effect is clear,it often ignores the degeneration of intervertebral disc,resulting in recurrent symptoms,prolonged course of treatment,and easy to cause sequelae such as lumbar instability.Acupuncture has been used for a long time in the clinical treatment of lumbago-leg pain with definite and long-lasting effect.Methods:116 cases of lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into treatment group(n=59)and control group(n=57).The control group was treated with oral analgesics,and the observation group was treated with“Tongji”electro-acupuncture(the acupoints were selected at 1.3 inch away from the midline after level T12(the 12th thoracic vertebra),L1(the 1st lumbar vertebra),L2(the 2nd lumbar vertebra),L3(the 3rd lumbar vertebra),L4(the 4th lumbar vertebra),L5(the 5th lumbar vertebra)and S1(the 1st sacral vertebra),the left and right sides are symmetrical)plus oral analgesics.Visual analog scale score and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score were evaluated before treatment and 5 days,10 days and 1 month after treatment,respectively.The contents of interleukin-6 and substance P in peripheral serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method,and the total clinical effective rate was calculated.Results:Both the pain visual analog scale score and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score in the treatment group and the control group after treatment were improved as compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).There were also significant differences in these two scores between the treatment group and the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,there was no significant difference between 1 month and 10 days after treatment(P>0.05),indicating the long-term effect of“Tongji”electroacupuncture on improving lumbago-leg pain was significant.After treatment,the contents of interleukin-6 and substance P in both the control group and the treatment group were lower than those before treatment,and there was significant difference between the control group and the treatment group(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively).The total effective rate after treatment was 94.92%,which was higher than that of 87.72%in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The intervention of“Tongji”electroacupuncture plus the routine oral analgesic can significantly improve the lumbar function of patients with lumbar disc herniation,alleviate the pain and improve the clinical symptoms of lumbar disc herniation via decreasing the production of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 and substance P,suggesting a better curative effect than oral analgesic alone.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40571162), the Natural Science Foun-dation of Anhui Province (No.050450401), Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincal Education Department (No.2004kj65zd), Postdoctoral Foundation of University of Science and Technology of China
文摘In China, most directions of river flowing are from west to east. During historic period, since the water traffic played an important role, it was very important to form a cross-horizontal net of water carriage route. Canals should be dug so as to make up the lack of north-south river. Tongji Grand Canal, dug in the first year of Daye (605 A.D.) in the Sui Dynasty, was the important component of north-south system of Grand Canals in China. It promoted economic and social development of the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties (605 A.D.-1279 A.D.). As Tongji Canal (i.e. Tongji Grand Canal) flowed across the Huaibei Plain, which is aggraded by abundant mud and sand deposit resulted from the Huanghe (Yellow) River flooding, many traces (such as old channel) and human culture heritages were buried under mud-sand. Tongji Canal was silted up, and disappeared in the Jin Dynasty (1115 A.D.-1234 A.D.). From then on, there were many different stories about the flowing route of the canal in historical literature. Based on space-bone and air-bone remote sensing imagery, we attempt to search the old channel of Tongji Canal, and supplement historical record. The paper discusses transformation process of Tongji Canal’s traffic function, and resumptively summarizes the reasons of the transformation, which results from synthetic function of physical geographical, political, economic, and social conditions.
基金This work was supported by the Health and Family Planning Scientific Research Project of Hainan Province(No.19a200100)the Fourth Batch of National Research and Training Program for Clinical Talents of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Chinese Medicine Renjiaofa[2017]No.24)the Hainan Natural Science Foundation(No.20158371).
文摘Background:Lumbar disc herniation is the most common back pain disorder characterized by lumbago-leg pain in clinical practice.The treatment of lumbar disc herniation in Western medicine mainly contains the operative or non-operative interventions(nerve block therapy,etc.)to relieve pain.Although the pain relief is fast and the short-term effect is clear,it often ignores the degeneration of intervertebral disc,resulting in recurrent symptoms,prolonged course of treatment,and easy to cause sequelae such as lumbar instability.Acupuncture has been used for a long time in the clinical treatment of lumbago-leg pain with definite and long-lasting effect.Methods:116 cases of lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into treatment group(n=59)and control group(n=57).The control group was treated with oral analgesics,and the observation group was treated with“Tongji”electro-acupuncture(the acupoints were selected at 1.3 inch away from the midline after level T12(the 12th thoracic vertebra),L1(the 1st lumbar vertebra),L2(the 2nd lumbar vertebra),L3(the 3rd lumbar vertebra),L4(the 4th lumbar vertebra),L5(the 5th lumbar vertebra)and S1(the 1st sacral vertebra),the left and right sides are symmetrical)plus oral analgesics.Visual analog scale score and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score were evaluated before treatment and 5 days,10 days and 1 month after treatment,respectively.The contents of interleukin-6 and substance P in peripheral serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method,and the total clinical effective rate was calculated.Results:Both the pain visual analog scale score and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score in the treatment group and the control group after treatment were improved as compared with those before treatment(P<0.05).There were also significant differences in these two scores between the treatment group and the control group(P<0.05).Furthermore,there was no significant difference between 1 month and 10 days after treatment(P>0.05),indicating the long-term effect of“Tongji”electroacupuncture on improving lumbago-leg pain was significant.After treatment,the contents of interleukin-6 and substance P in both the control group and the treatment group were lower than those before treatment,and there was significant difference between the control group and the treatment group(P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively).The total effective rate after treatment was 94.92%,which was higher than that of 87.72%in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The intervention of“Tongji”electroacupuncture plus the routine oral analgesic can significantly improve the lumbar function of patients with lumbar disc herniation,alleviate the pain and improve the clinical symptoms of lumbar disc herniation via decreasing the production of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 and substance P,suggesting a better curative effect than oral analgesic alone.
