Tooth loss inhibits neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice

Tooth loss has been shown to affect learning and memory in mice and increases the risk of Alz- heimer＇s disease. The dentate gyrus is strongly associated with cognitive function. This study hypothesized that tooth loss affects neurons in the dentate gyrus. Adult male mice were randomly assigned to either the tooth loss group or normal control group. In the tooth loss group, the left maxillary and mandibular molars were extracted. Normal control mice did not receive any intervention. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the density and absorbance of double- cortinand neuronal nuclear antigen-positive cells were lower in the tooth loss group than in the normal control group. These data suggest that tooth loss may inhibit neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice.

Tooth loss patterns in older adults with special needs:a Minnesota cohort

This study was conducted to detail tooth loss patterns in older adults with special needs. A total of 491 elderly subjects with special needs were retrospectively selected and followed during 10/1999-12/2006. Medical, dental, cognitive, and functional assessments were abstracted from dental records and used to predict risk of tooth loss. Tooth loss events were recorded for subjects during follow-up. Chi-squared tests were used to study the association between tooth loss and the selected risk factors. Logistic, poisson, and negative binomial regressions were developed to study tooth loss patterns. Overall, 27% of the subjects lost at least one tooth during follow-up. Fourteen subjects had tooth loss events per 100 person-years. Tooth loss pattern did not differ significantly among different special-needs subgroups （i.e. community-dwelling vs. long-term care, physically disabled vs. functionally independent）. Special-needs subjects with three or more active dental conditions at arrival had more than twice the risk of losing teeth than those without any existing conditions. After adjusting other factors, the number of carious teeth or retained roots at arrival was a significant predictor of tooth loss for older adults with special needs （P=0.001）. These findings indicate that appropriately managing active caries and associated conditions is important to prevent tooth loss for older adults with special needs.

Smoking increases risk of tooth loss: A meta-analysis of the literature

AIM: To quantitatively evaluate the impact of smoking on tooth loss.METHODS: We performed a Pub Med search to identify published articles that investigated the risk of tooth loss by smoking, from which RRs and their variance with characteristics of each study were extracted. The random-effects models were used to derive a pooled effect across studies. Potential sources of heterogeneity on the characteristics of the study and their influence on the pooled effect size were investigated using metaregression models. RESULTS: We identified 24 studies containing a total of 95973 participants for analysis. The pooled RR of ever-smokers compared with never- smokers was 1.73(95%CI: 1.60-1.86, P < 0.001). In meta-regression analysis, only the mean age of participants alone was identified as a statistically significant source of heterogeneity. The effect of smoking on tooth loss was stronger when the mean age of study participants was higher, indicating possible enhancement of tooth loss due to aging by smoking. RR was significantly lower in former smokers(1.49, 95%CI: 1.32-1.69, P < 0.001) than in current smokers(2.10, 95%CI: 1.87-2.35, P < 0.001), indicating the substantial benefit of smoking cessation for reducing the risk of tooth loss.CONCLUSION: Smoking is an independent risk factor for tooth loss regardless of many other confounders. Smoking cessation may attenuate this effect.

Smoking Cigars,Pipes Can Speed Tooth Loss

抽雪茄和烟斗会加速牙齿脱落,这是一个新信息。本文非常善良地提出:This is another piece of information that people should know before theymake the decision to smoke cigars.研究人员在有了这个发现之后还有一个愿望: They expressed hope that this latest finding will spur cigar smokers to kickthe habit. 句子里的两个动词spur/kick用得何等有力。一番好意,尽在其中。

<i>In Vitro</i>Simulation of Tooth Mobility Resulting from Periodontal Attachment Loss

In our previous studies, we developed the normal periodontal ligament index (nPLI) and the residual periodontal ligament index (rPLI), to estimate residual periodontal ligament support for individual teeth during treatment planning for partially edentulous patients. The purpose of the current in vitro study was to analyze tooth mobility resulting from periodontal attachment loss, and to determine the application range of both nPLI and rPLI. The association of horizontal load-displacement and conditions of attachment loss was measured in triplicate for each anatomical tooth model at 10-minute intervals, using a universal tester at a crosshead speed of 0.05 mm/min, and a load of 0.1 N. The conditions of attachment loss were: (I) 0 mm (cementoenamel junction), (II) 2 mm attachment level, and (III) two-thirds, and (IV) one-half lengths of normal attachment. Except for the upper first molar, lower lateral incisor, lower first premolar, and the lower first molar, the displacement of each tooth type was increased significantly relative to Level I (P P < 0.01). The results indicated that nPLI at two-thirds of normal attachment and greater, and rPLI at less than two-thirds of normal attachment should be applied, respectively.

铸瓷粘结桥修复深覆[牙合]伴单颗前牙缺失的临床效果

目的探讨铸瓷粘接桥修复深覆[牙合]伴单颗前牙缺失患者的临床疗效。方法选取2023年1月—2023年6月安徽医专附属口腔医院就诊的30例深覆[牙合]伴前牙单颗缺失的患者作为研究对象,唇侧制作铸瓷粘接桥,术后1周和6个月分别检查修复体脱落、修复体折裂、边缘密合性、继发龋、边缘着色、牙周健康状况等。结果术后1周修复效果较好,无修复体脱落及折断,边缘密合性好、无着色,牙周健康。术后6个月检查见2例修复体脱落,重新粘结后继续使用,1例探针可探及边缘,牙龈轻度炎症,其余27例未见异常,未见修复体脱落和折断,边缘密合性好,基牙无龋坏,牙周健康。结论铸瓷粘接桥修深覆[牙合]伴单颗前牙缺失患者短期临床效果较好。

Poor oral health was associated with higher risk of gastric cancer: Evidence from 1431677 participants

BACKGROUND In recent years,the association between oral health and the risk of gastric cancer(GC)has gradually attracted increased interest.However,in terms of GC incidence,the association between oral health and GC incidence remains contro-versial.Periodontitis is reported to increase the risk of GC.However,some studies have shown that periodontitis has no effect on the risk of GC.Therefore,the present study aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between oral health and the risk of GC.AIM To assess whether there was a relationship between oral health and the risk of GC.METHODS Five databases were searched to find eligible studies from inception to April 10,2023.Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score was used to assess the quality of included studies.The quality of cohort studies and case-control studies were evaluated separately in this study.Incidence of GC were described by odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI).Funnel plot was used to represent the publication bias of included studies.We performed the data analysis by StataSE 16.RESULTS A total of 1431677 patients from twelve included studies were enrolled for data analysis in this study.According to our analysis,we found that the poor oral health was associated with higher risk of GC(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.02-1.29;I2=59.47%,P=0.00<0.01).Moreover,after subgroup analysis,the outcomes showed that whether tooth loss(OR=1.12,95%CI:0.94-1.29;I2=6.01%,P>0.01),gingivitis(OR=1.19,95%CI:0.71-1.67;I2=0.00%,P>0.01),dentures(OR=1.27,95%CI:0.63-1.19;I2=68.79%,P>0.01),or tooth brushing(OR=1.25,95%CI:0.78-1.71;I2=88.87%,P>0.01)had no influence on the risk of GC.However,patients with periodontitis(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.04-1.23;I2=0.00%,P<0.01)had a higher risk of GC.CONCLUSION Patients with poor oral health,especially periodontitis,had a higher risk of GC.Patients should be concerned about their oral health.Improving oral health might reduce the risk of GC.

个性化方案矫治先天性下颌恒切牙缺失临床分析

本文患者为年轻女性,骨性Ⅱ类,下颌先天性缺失一颗恒切牙,因面突、牙齿前突、不齐求治。根据患者的具体情况,采取个性化治疗方案。拔除14、24、26,35、45、47,矫正28、48,关闭所有拔牙间隙。患者治疗后前牙覆牙合覆盖正常,右侧尖牙及磨牙Ⅰ类关系,左侧尖牙及磨牙为Ⅲ类关系。

个案追踪管理模式配合回馈教育对外伤性牙缺失患者即刻种植修复效果的影响

目的:观察个案追踪管理模式配合回馈教育对外伤性牙缺失患者即刻种植修复效果的影响。方法:选取2011年3月-2013年3月笔者医院收治的62例外伤性牙缺失患者为研究对象,患者均接受即刻种植修复治疗,依照区组随机化分组法将其分为对照组31例和追踪组31例。对照组实施常规护理,追踪组在对照组基础上应用个案追踪管理模式配合回馈教育。比较修复1年后两组种植体修复效果及满意度(前牙隐形义齿修复满意度),对比随访1、3、6年后两组种植体留存率及牙美观程度(牙美观指数)。结果:修复1年后,追踪组种植体修复效果优于对照组(P<0.05);追踪组前牙隐形义齿修复满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。随访1、3年后,两组种植体留存率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6年后,追踪组种植体留存率高于对照组(P<0.05)。随访1、3、6年后,追踪组牙美观指数评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:个案追踪管理模式配合回馈教育能提高外伤性牙缺失患者即刻种植修复后种植体修复效果,提升修复满意度,同时还有利于种植体留存,保持牙美观,具有较高临床应用价值。

二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复个别前牙缺失的临床应用

目的探讨二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复个别前牙缺失的临床效果,为个别前牙缺失修复方式的选择提供参考。方法本研究已通过单位伦理委员会审查批准,并获得患者知情同意。选取42例单颌前牙缺失数量在两颗内的患者,采用二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复,修复后6个月、1年、2年、3年进行随访,评价美学、功能修复效果及牙周健康状况,并采用视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)调查患者的满意度。结果观察期间,42例二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复的患者中有1例3个月内连接体发生断裂,1例2年内发生脱粘;美学修复效果的等级均评定为A级;修复后牙周健康状况良好,基牙及桥体下的软硬组织无临床吸收现象,评价指标均为A级;患者总满意率为100%。结论对于个别前牙缺失,二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥可达到微创、固位牢靠、美观舒适和生物相容性好的修复效果,患者满意度高,在临床中可以考虑作为一种理想的修复方式。

中国≥65岁老年人牙齿缺失与听力损伤的关联研究

背景听力损伤和牙齿脱落在老年人群中较为常见且严重危害老年人身心健康,但目前针对老年人牙齿缺失、义齿使用与听力损伤关系的人群研究有限。目的探讨我国≥65岁老年人牙齿缺失与听力损伤之间的关联。方法于2023年1月,在中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)2018年数据中选取符合要求的≥65岁老年人15161名为研究对象。以听力损伤情况为结局变量,以口腔牙齿数量为解释变量,以社会人口学、生活方式、健康状况信息为协变量,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨牙齿数量对听力损失的影响,并进一步对不同年龄、性别、日常生活活动能力、义齿使用情况老年人进行分层分析。结果15161名研究对象中,牙齿数量为≥20、10~19、1~9、0颗的老年人分别有3655名(24.11%)、2355名(15.53%)、4008名(26.44%)、5143名(33.92%),听力损伤者有6148名(40.55%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整了相关混杂因素后,与牙齿数量≥20颗者相比,牙齿数量为10~19、1~9、0颗者容易发生听力损伤,OR(95%CI)分别为1.31(1.08~1.58)、1.57(1.32~1.86)、1.97(1.65~2.36)。分层分析结果显示,牙齿数量与听力损伤之间的关联在≥80岁和未使用义齿的老年人中更为显著(P<0.05)。结论老年人牙齿缺失可增加听力损伤的发生风险,高龄和未使用义齿的老年人发生听力损伤的风险更高。

外胚层发育不全患者牙列缺损修复1例及文献回顾

目的 探讨外胚层发育不全患者先天缺牙的治疗方案,为临床提供参考。方法 报道1例面中份凹陷,颏部前突,面下1/3发育不足的外胚层发育不全患者,患者上颌多颗牙先天缺失,余留牙为畸形牙,下颌牙列先天缺失,牙弓较小,上下牙槽骨发育不良。通过上颌可摘局部义齿、下颌在数字化导板辅助下进行前牙区种植,杆卡式种植覆盖义齿对其进行治疗,并对其治疗方案进行文献回顾。结果 患者佩戴义齿后固位及稳定佳,咬合关系良好,患者面部外形恢复较好,上下唇饱满,面下1/3与面中1/3基本相等,恢复了咀嚼功能。文献回顾结果表明,先天缺牙的外胚层发育不全患者的口内情况通常比较复杂,修复困难,对此类患者常见的修复方式包括固定桥、可摘局部义齿、全口义齿、覆盖义齿和种植义齿,需要根据患者口内实际情况选择不同的治疗方案。目前,对于外胚层发育不全患者先天缺牙的治疗尚未达成共识,有学者建议缺牙少的患者优先选择固定修复,缺牙多的患者选择可摘义齿或种植覆盖义齿修复,未成年患者优先选择活动修复,待颌骨发育完成后视情况更换永久固定修复。结论 对于外胚层发育不全先天缺牙的患者,应该充分考虑各方面因素,以修复为导向个性化制定可行的修复方案。

帐篷式骨增量技术用于修复上前牙单牙缺失的美学效果及其对牙槽骨宽度的影响

目的:探究帐篷式骨增量技术对上前牙单牙缺失患者的治疗效果及对牙槽骨宽度的影响。方法:选取汉滨区第三人民医院2020年2月-2021年2月收治的80例上前牙单牙缺失患者为研究对象,按治疗方法不同分为研究组(帐篷式骨增量技术)38例和对照组(引导骨再生技术)42例,比较两组的种植情况、红白美学指数评分、牙槽骨宽度、龈沟液骨代谢指标、牙周情况以及术后并发症发生率。结果:种植体植入3个月后,两组患者均无种植体松动、脱落等现象,影像学检查无透影区,种植成功率均为100%;术后6个月,研究组种植区周围红色美学指数评分高于对照组(P<0.05),两组白色美学指数评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6个月,两组患者牙槽骨宽度均显著增加(P<0.05),且研究组术后6个月牙槽骨宽度高于对照组(P<0.05);两组龈沟液中骨保护素(Osteoprotegerin,OPG)水平显著降低,骨桥蛋白(Osteopontin,OPN)水平显著升高(P<0.05),研究组OPG水平高于对照组(P<0.05),OPN水平低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者牙龈指数、牙菌斑指数以及探诊深度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:帐篷式骨增量技术应用于上前牙单牙缺失种植成功率较高,能提高修复后美学效果,增加牙槽骨宽度,减缓骨吸收,术后并发症及对牙周影响均较小,值得推广应用。

种植固定修复义齿邻接丧失的研究进展

邻接丧失是口腔种植修复后的常见并发症之一,其发病率较高,且具有独特的解剖和生理特征。邻接丧失容易引起食物嵌塞,引发种植体周围组织创伤及邻近牙齿的龋病或牙周组织炎症,且治疗方式有限,影响种植修复的预后和患者满意度,因此对种植义齿邻接丧失进行研究至关重要。

固定-活动义齿在牙齿重度磨耗伴缺失治疗中的应用

目的:分析固定-活动义齿在牙齿重度磨耗伴缺失治疗中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年2月-2021年10月在笔者医院行口腔修复治疗的88例牙齿重度磨耗伴缺失患者的临床资料,按治疗方式的不同分为对照组(n=43,活动义齿修复)和研究组(n=45,固定-活动义齿修复)。修复后半年判定两组修复效果,并比较两组患者修复前及修复后半年咀嚼效能、颞下颌关节(Temporomandibularjoint,TMJ)功能、生活质量及修复满意度。结果:研究组修复效果(95.56%)明显高于对照组(81.40%)(P<0.05);修复后两组咬合力、咀嚼效率和修复前相比均明显增高(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05);修复后两组Helkimo临床功能障碍指数、TMJ功能指数(Fricton指数)中的TMJ紊乱指数评分、口腔健康影响程度量表14(Oral health impact scale 14,OHIP-14)评分和修复前相比均明显降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者修复满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:应用固定-活动义齿对牙齿重度磨耗伴缺失患者进行修复的效果较佳,可明显改善患者咀嚼效能和TMJ功能,有效提高其生活质量,并能够提升患者满意度。

口腔健康不良与阿尔兹海默症相关性研究现状

阿尔兹海默症是常伴有认知功能损害的原发性慢性神经退行性疾病,会严重损害患者生活质量。口腔健康是全身健康的重要组成部分,对维持机体功能及生活质量具有重要意义。目前的研究认为,阿尔兹海默症与口腔健康不良之间具有相关性。该文就口腔健康不良与阿尔兹海默病的相关性、相关机制及干预措施等作一综述,以期为阿尔兹海默症的防治提供依据。

种植牙修复中保留拔牙位点对患者修复后美观度及中远期骨缺失的影响

目的:探讨种植牙修复中保留拔牙位点对患者修复后美观度及中远期骨缺失的影响。方法:选取鹰潭市人民医院2021年1月—2022年3月收治的种植牙修复患者81例为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(40例)和观察组(41例)。两组均采用微创拔牙,对照组采用常规种植牙修复,观察组采用保留拔牙位点的种植牙修复。比较两组拔牙前、拔牙6个月及12个月后牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度、骨宽度变化,比较两组美观度、满意度评分及种植成功率情况。结果:拔牙前,两组牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度、骨宽度组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);拔牙6、12个月后,两组牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度均低于拔牙前,骨宽度均小于拔牙前(P<0.05);但观察组拔牙6、12个月后牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度均高于对照组,骨宽度均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组拔牙前、拔牙6个月及12个月后牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度、骨宽度比较存在交互作用,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组美观度与满意度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);两组种植成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:种植牙修复中拔牙位点保留技术可减少患者骨吸收,保护牙槽骨骨密度、骨高度、骨宽度,提升拔牙修复后的美观度和满意度,值得临床推广和应用。

T-Scan分析单颗后牙种植修复体咬合对垂直骨吸收的影响

目的:利用T-Scan定量分析单颗后牙种植修复体在牙尖交错位(intercuspal position,ICP)时咬合接触情况,并探讨其对种植体周围垂直骨吸收的影响。方法:选取第一磨牙常规种植修复的40例无咬合高点等不良修复现象和磨牙症等不良习惯的患者。T-Scan记录种植修复体及对侧同名牙咬合接触情况的差异,分别按照咬合延迟时间、牙合力百分率比、咬合力峰值及咬合接触面积比进行分组,用影像学测量技术评估种植体周围骨组织的变化,从而分析咬合因素对种植体周围垂直骨吸收(vertical bone loss,VBL)的影响,并建立多元线性回归模型。结果:在咬合延迟时间和咬合力峰值分组比较中,平均VBL均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。同时得出预测方程:Y=1.060-0.734X1+0.248X2-0.589X3,其中Y为平均VBL、X1为咬合延迟时间、X2为咬合力峰值、X3为咬合接触面积比。结论:在单颗后牙缺失常规种植修复时除考虑适当的咬合设计外,在调整种植修复体的咬合接触或定期咬合检查时,推荐应用T-Scan进行定量分析以确保ICP时咬合力峰值尽可能降低(即轻咬合接触),和适当延迟种植修复体首次咬合接触时间,对维持种植体周围骨的稳定性极为有益。

3D打印种植导板对单颗牙缺失病人的精准度及美学效果的影响

目的:研究3D打印种植导板对单颗牙缺失病人的精准度及美学效果的影响。方法:选择60例单颗牙缺损病人作为研究对象,用随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各30例。对照组使用传统种植导板,观察组使用3D打印种植导板。计算2组2D平面上种植体顶部和中部在近远中向、颊舌向和垂直向的偏离距离;计算2组3D平面上种植体在近远中向、颊舌向的偏离角度;观察2组牙体颜色、形态、边缘着色和密合度的评级;观察并记录2组种植牙后2周内的不良事件发生情况。结果:观察组种植体顶部和中部在近远中向、颊舌向、垂直向的偏离距离明显比对照组小(P<0.01);观察组在近远中向、颊舌向的偏离角度均明显比对照组小(P<0.01);观察组种植牙的颜色、形态、边缘着色和密合度方面级别A的病人比对照组多(P<0.05);观察组不良事件总发生率比对照组低(P<0.05)。结论:与传统种植导板相比,使用3D打印种植导板能够缩小种植牙的偏离距离和角度,并在种植牙的颜色、形态和边缘着色方面有更高的评价,具有推广价值。

On the Separation Mechanism between a Shark’s Tooth and Its Jaw Base, with Special Emphasis on an Observation Made from a White Shark, <i>Carcharodon carcharias</i>

Feeding is the likely cause for tooth shedding in sharks. Although the overall process of loosing teeth has been well studied, hardly any emphasis has been given to the actual separation mechanism between a shark’s tooth base and the surrounding jaw tissue. Attention is given to this very process, in connection to a never before videotaped tooth loss of a white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, that occurred within 0.3 seconds. Since the shark did not bite into anything prior to this observation, the cause for this tooth loss does not seem feeding but fatigue related, triggered through a combination of mechanical and potentially biochemical degradation processes.