Phage display selection on whole cells yields a small peptide specific for HCV receptor human CD81

The human CD81(hCD81),the most recently proposed receptor of hepatitis C virus(HCV),can especifically bind to HCV envelope glycoprotein 2(E2).In this study,hCD81-expressing murine NIH/3T3 cells were used to select hCD81-binding peptides from a phage displayed nonapeptide library(PVIII9aaCys).Eighteen of the 75clones selected from the library showed specific binding to the hCD81-expressing NIH/3T3 cells by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and competitive inhibition test.Twelve out of the 18 clones shared the amino acid motif SPQYWTGPA.Sequence comparison of the motif showed no amino acid homology with the native HCV E2.The motif-containing phages could competitively inhibit the ability of HCV E2 binding to native hCD81-expressing MOLT-4 cells,and induce HCV E2 specific immune response in vivo.These results suggest that the selected motif SPQYWTGPA should be a mimotope of HCV E2 to bind to hCD81 molecules.Our findings cast new light on developing HCV receptor antagonists.

Rapid Selection of Phage Se-scFv with GPX Activity via Combination of Phage Display Antibody Library with Chemical Modification

Glutathione peroxidase（GPX） plays an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species. A series of catalytic antibodies with GPX activity have been generated by the authors of＇ this study. To obtain humanized catalytic antibodies, the phage-displayed human antibody library was used to select novel antibodies by repetitive screening, Phage antibodies, scFv-B8 and scFv-H6 with the GSH-binding site, were obtained from the library by enzyme-linked immu- nosorbent assay（ELISA） analysis with 4 rounds of scelection against their respective haptens, S-2,4-dinitriphenyl t-butyl ester（GStI-s-DNP-Bu） and S-2,4-dinit,-iphenyl t-hexyl ester（GSH-s-I）NP-He）. Nevertheless, several studies need to be condueted to determine whether scFv-B8 and seFv-tI6 possess GPX activity. 1＇o enhance the speed of the selection, selenocysteine（Sec, the catalytic group of GPX） was incorporated directly into the phages, scFv-B8 and seFv-H6, by chemical mutation to form the phages Se-scFv-B8 and Se-scFv-H6. The GPX activities were found to be 3012 units/μmol and 2102 units/μmol, respectively. To improve the GPX activity of the phage Se-scFv-B8, DNA shuffling was used to construct a secondary library and another positive phage antibody scFv-B9 was screened out by another panning against GSH-s-DNP-Bu. When Sec was incorporated via chemical mutation into the phage antibody scFv-B9, its GPX activity reached 3560 units/μmol, which is 1.17-fold higher than the phage antibody Se-scFv-B8 and almost approached the order of magnitude of native GPX. The rapid selection is the prerequisite for generating humanized Se-seFv with GPX activity.

In Vivo Selection of Phage Sequences and Characterization of Peptide-specific Binding to Breast Cancer Cells

OBJECTIVE To screen specific polypeptide target binding to breast cancer xenografts in vivo from a phage-displayed peptide library in order to provide peptide sequences for breast cancer tumor-targeting diagnosis and therapy. METHODS A mouse model for carrying breast cancer xenografts was established using Tientsin Albinao Ⅱ mice （TA Ⅱ）. A 12-peptide library was biopanned through 4 rounds. Phages were recovered and titrated from tumor xenografts and control tissue （liver）. The distribution of phages was detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Phage homing to breast cancer was enriched through 4 rounds of biopanning, being 14-fold of that recovered from liver tissue. A peptide sequence, ASANPFPTKALL was characterized by randomly picked-up clones which appeared most frequently. Immunohistochemical staining revealed phage localization in cancer xenografts 40 min after injection of the enriched phages. When a specific phage was tested individually, the phage reclaimed from breast cancer xenografts was 14 times as those from control tissues. CONCLUSION Tumor-specific homing peptides may provide an effective tool for breast cancer target therapy. The in vivo phage display selection technique employed in this study was feasible and applicable to screening peptides that home to breast cells.

Selective removal technology using chemical etching and excimer assistance in precision recycle of color filter

Color filters are produced using semiconductor production techniques although problems with low yield remain to be addressed. This study presents a new means of selective removal using excimer irradiation, chemical etching, or electrochemical machining on the fifth generation TFT LCDs. The selective removal of microstructure layers from the color filter surface of an optoelectronic flat panel display, as well as complete removal of the ITO thin-films, RGB layer, or resin black matrix (BM) layer from the substrate is possible. Individual defective film layers can be removed, or all films down to the Cr layer or bare glass can be completely eliminated. Experimental results demonstrate that defective ITO thin-films, RGB layers, or the resin BM layer can now be recycled with a great precision. When the ITO or RGB layer proves difficult to remove, excimer light can be used to help with removal. During this recycling process, the use of 225 nm excimer irradiation before chemical etching, or electrochemical machining, makes removal of stubborn film residues easy, effectively improving the quality of recycled color filters and reducing fabrication cost.

Natural selection on floral traits of Caltha scaposa (Ranunculaceae), an alpine perennial with generalized pollination system from Northwest Yunnan

Floral traits, including those invisible to humans but visible to pollinators, that increase pollination efficiency may be selected by pollinators in plant species with pollen limitation of seed production, but the importance of pollinators as selective agents on different floral traits needs to be further quantified experimentally. In the present study, we examined selective strength on flower diameter, flower height,UV bulls-eye size, sepal size and UV proportion via female fitness in Caltha scaposa, based on openpollinated and hand-pollinated flowers, through which pollinator-mediated selection was calculated for each of floral traits. Our results suggest that seed production of C. scaposa is pollen limited in natural conditions. There was directional selection(△β_(pollinator)=-0.12) for larger flowers in open-pollinated flowers, while no significant selection was found in flower height, UV bulls-eye size, sepal size or UV proportion. Statistically significant selection was found in UV bulls-eye size, sepal size and UV proportion in hand-pollinated flowers, but interactions with pollinators contributed only to flower diameter. We conclude that in C. scaposa, floral traits that are subjected to selection might be driven by multiple selective agents, and suggest the importance of investigating floral traits that are invisible to human but visible to pollinators in measuring pollinator-mediated selection via male fitness.

The evolution of courtship displays in Galliformes

Species in Galliformes have elaborate ritual courtship displays,often including strutting,fluffing of tail or head feathers,and vocal sounds that serve as excellent examples of sexual selection.According to the male orientation to the female while either posturing or moving,these courtship displays of gallinaceous species can be classified into three categories:1)‘frontal displays’,2)‘lateral displays’,and 3)‘both frontal and lateral displays’.Questions regarding which category of displays is the ancestral state and the evolutionary history of courtship displays in Galliformes remain unanswered.We collected and classified 131 species in terms of their courtship displays into the three categories listed above and carried out a large-scale comparative analysis to reveal the evolutionary trajectory of this trait.We found that the ancestral state of courtship displays of Galliformes involves both relatively short and straightforward frontal and lateral elements(i.e.,the category of‘both frontal and lateral displays’).Furthermore,ancestral trait reconstructions suggest that transitions from‘lateral displays’to‘frontal displays’occurred more frequently than the other way around(i.e.,from‘frontal displays’to‘lateral displays’).In addition,some transitions occurred from‘both frontal and lateral displays’to‘lateral displays’but not from‘both frontal and lateral displays’to‘frontal displays’.Ancestral state reconstruction of courtship displays at the root of the Galliformes phylogeny supports the‘both frontal and lateral displays’first scenario.This original state then evolved towards two extremes,either‘frontal displays’or‘lateral displays’,with more complicated and elaborate display components.Moreover,subsequent transitions occurred from‘lateral displays’to‘frontal displays’much more frequently than the other way around during the evolutionary history,indicating positive selection of‘frontal displays’.

顺势而为——三星堆博物馆新馆电气设计

三星堆博物馆新馆电气设计以对博物馆展陈最小干预,平衡建筑功能和其他专业需求,兼顾电气装置能源效率为原则,在分析项目前期调研情况和用电需求基础上,从电气机房选址、供配电系统设计、展陈配合、防雷接地系统等方面介绍三星堆博物馆新馆如何根据园区现状、建筑布局、电气系统特点,进行顺势而为的电气设计。

中国菊花精品展传统菊品种资源调查与整理分析

本研究旨在了解传统菊展览品种资源现状,为进一步系统开展传统菊品种资源普查、整理、保护和利用奠定基础。参考《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南菊花》,对第七届、第八届中国菊花精品展参展传统菊品种、第十三届中国菊花展和第八届湖熟菊花展展览的传统菊的瓣型、花型、花色、叶型4个质量性状和株高、花径、叶长、叶宽、茎粗5个数量性状进行了性状记录与整理分析。共调查传统菊品种304个,瓣型以匙瓣型和管瓣型为主,花色以黄色、白色、间色居多,叶型主要为正叶型和长叶型,5个数量性状的变异系数分布于20%~29%,除了茎粗和株高呈显著正相关外,其余数量性状两两之间均呈极显著正相关。同时发现不少传统菊品种存在同名异物、同物异名等现象。说明,传统菊品种数量繁多,具有丰富的遗传变异类型。在今后的工作中,应加大品种保护、收集、整理和评价的工作力度,加强对名贵珍稀品种的保护,加快构建科学合理的菊花品种分类和保护系统。

采用SP法的鼓浪屿风琴博物馆展陈空间游览偏好分析

以福建省厦门市鼓浪屿风琴博物馆为例,构建离散选择模型,采用陈述性偏好(SP)法分析空间要素对旅游者产生的效用差异,调整隔断的形状、色调及展品的布局,形成展厅之间的效用差异,为馆内游览线路的优化提供依据.结果表明:旅游者的展陈空间偏好受到多种因素的影响,影响因素的效用从高到低依次是展陈模式、墙面色调、空间形状和地面色调;相较于折线形空间,旅游者对矩形空间产生了显著的负向偏好,对圆形空间则未表现出显著的偏好倾向;旅游者对墙面的冷色调和暖色调均表现出显著的正向偏好,对地面的冷色调表现出显著的负向偏好;不同性别群体的偏好在展陈模式、空间形状与地面色调上存在差异,在墙面色调上表现一致.

我国会展场馆的区位选址分析

作者分析了我国会展场馆区位主体的区位需求,界定了会展场馆区位条件的含义,然后归纳和总结了我国会展场馆现实区位条件规律,通过对区位条件和会展场馆效益的相关性分析,提出了我国会展场馆未来区位调整的方向和策略。

基于“钻石模型”的区域展览城市选择研究——以珠三角为例

既有研究有少量从会展竞争力视角来探讨区域城市展览业的发展,然而缺少结合"关联分析"对区域展览城市选择优先顺序的专项研究。文章以区域展览城市选择为研究对象,以迈克尔·波特的"钻石模型"为理论框架,构建了由27个要素组成的区域展览城市选择识别标准体系,采用层次分析法与熵值法分别代表主客观思想予以组合赋权,灰色关联分析确定了与最优要素关联度高的要素,各要素权重值与关联度的结合能较为科学合理地测评区域展览城市选择的优先顺序。珠三角实证研究的结果表明区域展览城市优选类为广州、深圳,次优选类为东莞、珠海、佛山、中山,备选类为江门、肇庆、惠州。

大型综合性会展物流供应商选择研究

分析了会展物流的特点,发现这些特点决定了选择合适的物流供应商是会展物流高效运行的关键因素之一。构建了会展物流供应商的一级、二级评价指标体系。应用QFD基本原理,对质量屋(HoQ)进行适当的变形,将其应用于会展物流供应商的选择,规划选择过程。最后以某大型会展物流供应商的选择为例证明该理论的有效性。同时该方法的动态适应性也为物流供应商的管理和进一步改进指明方向。

机械产品三维互动选型与定制系统

以机械产品设计工程师为服务对象,以机械零部件信息的直观、准确传达为目的,引入Web3D技术,融合机械三维CAD技术,实现机械产品三维选型与定制系统的研发。采用基于SolidWorks的参数化建模技术实现产品系列化与定制模型的实时生成。采用基于Viewpoint的三维动态显示技术实现产品三维信息的展示。通过文件格式转换提供通用的二维/三维文件下载功能,以便客户进行预装配、分析等。

会展场馆选择标准研究述评——基于会议策划者视角

文章的主要目的在于对与国外会议策划者选址过程相关的实证性研究文献进行回顾，以期引起对该领域的关注，并推进我国会展业策划实践。文章通过对关键词的搜索，从外文数据库中选取1977～2012年的27篇与会议策划者选址相关的公开出版文献，对这些文献进行述评并梳理每篇文献中会议策划者的选址标准。研究结果发现，目的地及目的地酒店及会展场馆设备设施的质量和性能、成本、安全和人力资源是会议策划者最重要的选址标准。最后，针对现有研究不足提出了未来可能的研究方向，结合我国国情和文化特色从跨文化研究和利益相关者合作角度提出建议。

美术馆照明工程设计

结合某艺术展览中心工程项目,介绍了艺术类展厅照明系统设计重点考虑的几个问题。主要包括,艺术展厅展品种类及对曝光量、照度、色温的要求,照明设计的设计目标(符合艺术品保护的安全性要求、视觉效果要求和灯具位置的可调节要求等)、基本要求(基础照明采用柔光漫射型大面积发光灯具,展墙采用嵌入式洗墙灯,特殊国画或雕塑采用固定暗藏嵌入式导轨加可移动式射灯相结合的照明方式,设定照明场景:①大型国画、书法展览;②小型国画、雕塑或展柜;③艺术珍品)、主要灯具(包括1×28W洗墙灯、多功能轨道射灯、节能型筒型荧光灯)的选择与布置、照明管线及灯具的安装要求等。

基于层次分析法的会展中心选址评价体系

选址评价是选址阶段经常要碰到的一个环节,但目前主要还是采用主观定性分析方法,还未有一种科学的、严谨的、全面的评价体系。本文对会展中心选址,利用层次分析法构建了较为完善的选址评价体系,并对具体案例进行了应用。

2022中国国际纺织机械展览会暨ITMA亚洲展览会染色机械述评

综述了2022中国国际纺织机械展览会暨ITMA亚洲展览会染色机械相关情况。对本届展会展出的多种染色机械、印染厂化验室设备和染化料自动配送系统进行重点介绍和详细分析。指出本次展会染色设备紧密贴合绿色、科技、高效的发展主题,正向数字化、智能化方向发展。

展览建筑中受众选择性注意的应用研究

分析了展览建筑设计中受众选择性注意的社会因素,提出了展览建筑设计中针对受众选择性注意的设计原则。

遴选会在手术器械评价论证中的作用探索

目的探讨应用手术器械遴选会在辅助外科医生进行手术器械采购论证并发掘现存的手术器械管理问题作用。方法医院多部门协作应用计划-执行-检查-处理(PDCA)法筹划并组织手术器械遴选会,并评估该会议对手术器械遴选和采购论证的作用,根据临床反馈改进器械管理和会议组织。结果遴选会中68名参会人员从展示的5153件手术器械中遴选出了1654件。参会人员对手术器械功能、材质、结构等方面改进和前沿知识的知晓度有提高,对手术器械遴选目录中器械品牌和型号的满意度上升,对手术器械遴选会作为一种新型手术器械遴选方式的认可度有所增加,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。临床反馈的手术器械管理问题主要集中在器械包配置优化及器械外观功能改进。结论遴选会让外科医生从多个维度对手术器械进行遴选评价,有助于提高手术器械采购论证的科学性和有效性,合理配置采购预算,选择临床需求高的手术器械。

试论博物馆临时展览策划与设计

为提高博物馆临时展览策划与设计整体水平。结合长沙博物馆新馆临时展览工作的实践和探索,从博物馆临时展览的策划选题、内容设计和形式设计、加强博物馆展览策划设计人员培训等方面入手,对创新博物馆临时展览策划与设计的思路方法进行分析归纳。提出了博物馆临时展览策划创新的多种可能性,对展览设计思路和创作流程提出了形式设计上的见解和主张。为博物馆临时展览策划与设计提供具有参考价值的思路及做法。