Total duration of negative surplus for a MAP risk model

In this paper, we study the risk model with Markovian arrivals where we allow the surplus process to continue if the surplus falls below zero. We first derive expressions for the severity of ruin. Then by using the strong Markovian property of a two-dimensional Markov process and the expression for the severity of ruin, we obtain the Laplace transform of the total duration of negative surplus.

Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical application.Assessing the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount importance.In this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in 2013-2014.The indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM products.Results revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error variations.These results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

Muscle force and movement variability before and after total knee arthroplasty: A review

Variability in muscle force output and movement variability are important aspects of identifying individuals with mobility deficits, central nervous system impairments, and future risk of falling. This has been investigated in elderly healthy and impaired adults, as well as in adults with osteoarthritis(OA), but the question of whether the same correlations also apply to those who have undergone a surgical intervention such as total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is still being investigated. While there is a growing body of literature identifying potential rehabilitation targets for individuals who have undergone TKA, it is important to first understand the underlying post-operative impairments to more efficiently target functional deficits that may lead to improvedlong-term outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the potential role of muscle force output and movement variability in TKA recipients. The narrative review relies on existing literature in elderly healthy and impaired individuals, as well as in those with OA before and following TKA. The variables that may predict longterm functional abilities and deficits are discussed in the context of existing literature in healthy older adults and older adults with OA and following TKA, as well as the role future research in this field may play in providing evidence-based data for improved rehabilitation targets.

A Rainfall Intensity-Duration Threshold for Mass Movement in Badulla, Sri Lanka

Mass movement in Sri Lanka is mainly triggered by heavy rainfall. International literature is rich of works defining rainfall intensity-duration models to identify the rainfall threshold for various types of Mass movement. However, studies have not focused to establish a relationship between intensity and duration of rainfall in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this study focused to establish rainfall intensity-duration models to identify the rainfall threshold for mass movements in Badulla district in Sri Lanka, where forty four (44) rainfall events that resulted in same number of landslides during the last three decades were considered. Results indicate the rainfall threshold relationship fits to the log linear model of the exponential function, I = α&#183D-β. The constructed I-D curve revealed that short duration (54 mm/h) in rainfall events can potentially trigger the landslide. However, long-duration (>8 h) and low-intensity (<25 mm/h) in rainfall events may also trigger mass movements in Badulla. As per the results, most mass movements occur during northeast monsoons and inter-monsoons. In general, higher mean rainfall intensities trigger the debris flows, while long-duration rainfall events can trigger both landslides and debris flow. When compared to Sri Lankan mass movements triggering threshold intensities are fairly higher than the global threshold values. It confirms that within Badulla, mass movements are triggered by very high intense and/or long duration rainfalls events only. Further, time series analysis of the rainfall events shows an upward trend of extreme rainfall events, which increased landslide occurring frequency in last six (6) years.

Monitoring the ionosphere based on the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS） is becoming important for monitoring the variations in the earth＇s ionosphere based on the total electron content （TEC） and iono- spheric electron density （IED）. The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC）, which includes GNSS stations across China's Mainland, enables the continuous monitoring of the ionosphere over China as accurately as possible. A series of approaches for GNSS-based ionospheric remote sensing and software has been proposed and devel- oped by the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics （IGG） in Wuhan. Related achievements include the retrieval of ionospheric observables from raw GNSS data, differential code biases estimations in satellites and receivers, models of local and regional ionospheric TEC, and algorithms of ionospheric tomography. Based on these achievements, a software for processing GNSS data to determine the variations in ionospheric TEC and IED over China has been designed and developed by IGG. This software has also been installed at the CMONOC data centers belonging to the China Earthquake Administration and China Meteorological Administration. This paper briefly introduces the related research achievements and indicates potential directions of future work.

Spatial Pattern Difference of Contribution between Short and Long-duration Heavy Rainfall to Total Heavy Rainfall in China from 1961 to 2015

Many regions are pounded with heavy rainfall, causing flood, casualties, property damage and severe destruction to ecosystem in multiple urban areas. Frequent occurrence of extremely heavy precipitation event under the background of global climate change has caused terrible harm on economic and social development, life security, ecosystem, etc.;brought profound impact on sustainable development of disaster area;become a key factor of global and regional disasters and environmental risk;and been widely concerned by academic circle and all sectors of the society. So severe disasters caused by extreme precipitation events have attracted more and more attention, while the relationship between heavy rainfall with different duration and total heavy rainfall has become the hottest scientific frontier issue. Contribution of heavy rainfall with different duration to the total heavy rainfall has significant spatial differences. Here we used daily rainfall data from 1961 to 2015 of 659 meteorological stations in China. When the rainfall is greater than 50 mm in 24 hours, that is a heavy rainfall event. Heavy rainfall only lasting one day is defined as short- duration heavy rainfall, while heavy rainfall lasting more than two days is defined as long-duration heavy rainfall. Results indicated that: on the basis of duration days defined long-duration heavy rainfall, on the spatial distribution, total rainfall, total heavy rainfall and short-duration heavy rainfall showed "increasing-decreasing-increasing" from the southeast coast to northwest inland in China from 1961 to 2015, and on the whole meteorological station with increasing trend predominant. In the meantime, long-duration heavy rainfall showed "increasing-decreasing" spatial pattern, and on the whole meteorological station with decreasing trend predominant. We detected that there was a belt of becoming drought from northeast to southwest. The contribution of total heavy rainfall to total rainfall as well as long-duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed "high in southeast-low in northwest" spatial distribution pattern. On the contrary, the contribution of short-duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed "low in southeast-high in northwest" spatial distribution pattern. The contribution trend of total heavy rainfall to total rainfall and short-duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed "increasing-mosaic with increasing and decreasing-increasing" spatial distribution pattern from northeast to southwest, and on the whole meteorological station with increasing trend predominant. On the contrary, the contribution trend of long-duration heavy rainfall to total heavy rainfall showed mosaic with increasing and increasing in the northeast, slightly decreasing in the southwest, and on the whole meteorological station with decreasing trend predominant. There was a climate transition zone from northeast to southwest, which was essentially coincident with the arid zone. The results suggested that the precipitation in China was changing to extremely accompanied by short-duration storm increased significantly. Chinese heavy rainfall especially the increase of short-duration heavy rainfall suggests that human activity is likely to be triggered an increasing in extreme precipitation.

Ionospheric total electron content disturbance associated with May 12, 2008,Wenchuan earthquake

Possible ionospheric disturbances relating to the May 12, 2008, MsS.0 Wenchuan earthquake were identified by Global Positioning System （GPS）-derived total electron content （TEC）, ion- osonde observations, the global ionospheric map （GIM）, and electron density profiles detected by the Constellation Observation System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate （COSMIC）. We applied a statistical test to detect anomalous TEC signals and found that a unique enhancement in TEC, recorded at 16 GPS stations, appeared on May 9, 2008. The critical fre- quency at F2 peak （foF2）, observed by the Chinese ionosondes, and maximal plasma frequency, derived from COSMIC data, revealed a characteristic similar to GPS TEC variations. The GIM showed that the anomalous variations of May 9 were located southeast of the epicenter. Using GPS data from 13 stations near the epicenter, we analyzed the TEC variations of satellite orbit traces during 04：00-11：00 UT. We found that TEC decreased to the east and increased to the southeast of the epicenter during this period. Results showed that the abnormal disturbance on May 9 was probably an ionosphenc precursor of the Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008.

Functional and clinical outcome with modified lateral approach total hip arthroplasty in stiff hips with ankylosing spondylitis

BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis at total hip arthroplasty(THA)has significant hip stiffness with flexion deformity,restricted mobility,and function.Range of movement(ROM)improvement with good functional outcome is seen following THA in these hips.The modified Hardinge approach without abductor compromise is helpful in these stiff hips with associated flexion deformity.AIM To assess improvement in ROM and functional outcomes with a modified lateral approach THA in ankylosing spondylitis with stiff hips.METHODS A total of 69 hips that underwent THA with a modified Hardinge approach in 40 patients were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 38.33 mo.All individuals ambulated with weight-bearing as tolerated and ROM exercises from the 1st postoperative day.Modified Harris hip score and ROM were assessed during follow-up.Quality of life assessments using the 36-item and 12-item short form health surveys were done along with clinical and functional outcomes at followup.SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.The correlation of ROM and functional score change was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.RESULTS Sixty-nine hips with a significant decrease in ROM preoperatively with 32 clinically fused hips showed significant improvement in flexion range.The mean flexion in 69 hips improved from 29.35±31.38 degrees to 102.17±10.48 degrees.The mean difference of 72.82 with a P value<0.0001 was significant.In total,45 out of 69 hips had flexion deformity,with 13 hips having a deformity above 30 degrees.The flexion during the follow-up was below 90 degrees in 3 hips.Eleven hips had flexion of 90 degrees at follow-up,while the remaining 55 hips had flexion above 100 degrees.Modified Harris hip score improved from 17.03±6.02 to 90.66±7.23(P value<0.0001).The 36-item short form health survey at the follow-up indicated health status in 40 patients as excellent in 11,very good in 20,good in 5,fair in 3,and poor in 1.The mean mental health score was 84.10±11.58.Pain relief was good in all 69 hips.Altogether,28/40 patients(70%)had no pain,9 patients(22%)had occasional pain,and 3 patients(8%)had mild to moderate pain with unusual activity.Heterotopic ossification was seen in 21 hips with Brooker class 1 in 14 hips.CONCLUSION Modified Hardinge approach THA in ankylosing spondylitis with stiff hips with flexion deformity significantly improved ROM,Harris hip score,and quality of life indicated by the 36-item and 12-item short form health surveys.

考虑占用率的大型停车库泊位动态分配模型

为提高驾驶员泊车效率,本文考虑不同停车库占用率下的停车库运营者及驾驶员泊位分配需求,构建大型停车库泊位分配模型。本文引入停车库占用率将停车库空满等级划分为空闲泊位充裕时段、空闲泊位适中时段、空闲泊位紧缺时段,综合考虑停车库运营者运营管理需求与驾驶员快速寻泊需求,以寻位行驶时间、离开停车库行驶时间为参数构建运营管理时间效用函数,以寻位行驶时间、停车入位耗时、步行时间为参数构建驾驶员泊车耗时效用函数;将运营管理时间效用与驾驶员泊车耗时效用加权统一为总时间效用,以总时间效用最大化为目标,建立兼顾停车库运营者及驾驶员泊位分配需求的泊位分配模型;引入泊位利用率、停车总耗时量化模型性能。以西安市某大型商业停车库为例,选取9:00、11:30、13:00表征空闲泊位充裕、空闲泊位适中、空闲泊位紧缺时段进行泊位分配。不同停车库空满等级下,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与停车总耗时均呈负显著相关,其中,空闲泊位充裕时段,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与停车总耗时的相关性最弱,相关系数为-0.461;空闲泊位紧缺时段,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与泊位利用率呈正显著相关,相关系数为0.710。研究表明本模型可在优选停车总耗时较小泊位的基础上,为停车高峰时段预留利用率较高的泊位,提高空闲泊位紧缺时段的泊车效率及驾驶员的泊车满意度。

深部开采地表移动延续时间预测模型及其参数分析

基于改进Knothe时间模型,根据地表移动延续时间定义,建立能够综合考虑采高、平均采深、松散层厚度、基岩层厚度和开采速度等因素的深部开采地表移动延续时间理论预测模型,并根据概率积分法给出了模型参数确定方法。采用24个深部工作面开采地表移动延续时间监测数据对预测模型的合理性和精确性进行验证。结果表明:地表移动延续时间模型预测结果与24个工作面监测结果基本吻合,两者平均绝对误差仅38 d,均方根误差仅为47 d,平均绝对误差百分比仅为9%,远小于现有3种经验模型的预测误差,验证了地表移动延续时间预测模型的精确性;地表移动延续时间受采高、平均采深、松散层厚度、基岩层厚度和开采速度的影响,随采高的增加而非线性增加,随平均采深、松散层厚度、基岩层厚度的增加而线性增加,但随开采速度的增加而非线性减小。该研究可为深部开采地表移动变形稳定性评估和科学制定开采计划提供理论指导。

脉冲超声对灰枣片理化及超声液特性的影响

为探究脉冲超声持续时间对枣片理化及超声液特性的影响,以灰枣为原料,设置脉冲超声持续时间为15,30,60 s,并分别于1,2,3,4,5 h对灰枣片和超声液进行取样分析。追踪检测灰枣片的色泽、水分状态、质构和微观结构,以及超声液可溶性固形物(TSS)、色泽、浊度和电导率的变化。结果表明,随着脉冲超声处理时间的延长,灰枣片中的主要水分由结合水转变为自由水,灰枣片组织吸水膨胀,色泽L*值(42.88~50.71)和△E值(3.69~9.85)呈显著增加的趋势,a*值(由19.88降至14.70)和b*值(由22.39降至19.03)呈显著降低的趋势。脉冲超声处理可诱导灰枣片组织内微通道的形成,随着循环次数的增加和脉冲时间的延长,微通道发生扩张,数量增加,同时伴随咀嚼性、弹性和回复性降低。超声液分析结果表明,高强度脉冲持续时间(30 s和60 s)可使灰枣片与超声液在处理前期(1~2 h)发生快速传质,超声液色泽(△E值:0~26.69)、TSS(0~6.1°Brix)、电导率(0~257.54μs/cm)、浊度(0~8.81 NTU)等显著增加,处理后期(3~5 h),15 s处理组超声液特性呈现出最显著的特性变化;至处理完成,各处理组超声液色泽L*值均达到100,a*值与b*值接近于原始状态;同时30 s和60 s处理组超声液中TSS为0°Brix,传质趋于平衡。结论:可根据灰枣片和超声液特性的改变来判断传质的程度,从而适应不同的加工需求。

HR+/HER2-乳腺癌与HR+/HER2+乳腺癌临床特征和内分泌治疗时长的比较

目的比较免疫组化激素受体阳性、人表皮生长因子阴性(HR+/HER2-)乳腺癌患者和激素受体阳性、人表皮生长因子受体阳性(HR+/HER2+)乳腺癌患者的临床特征和内分泌治疗时长。方法回顾性分析青岛大学附属医院收治的36例HR+/HER2-乳腺癌患者和22例HR+/HER2+乳腺癌患者的临床资料,比较两组患者的年龄、月经状态、骨转移、肺转移、肝转移、淋巴结转移、总转移数、BMI、BI-RADS分级、ECOG评分,以及总线数、一线、二线、三线及以上内分泌治疗时长。结果两组患者年龄、月经状态、肺转移、肝转移、淋巴结转移、总转移数、BMI、BI-RADS分级、ECOG评分,以及总线数、一线、二线、三线及以上内分泌治疗时长比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);HR+/HER2+组患者骨转移发生率高于HR+/HER2-组(P<0.05),HR+/HER2-组患者三线及以上内分泌治疗时长长于HR+/HER2+组(P<0.05)。结论HR+/HER2+乳腺癌可积极选用内分泌治疗或与HER2靶向药物联合治疗,从而避免使用化疗,减轻化疗所带来的不良反应。

全髋关节置换患者间歇性充气加压装置单次最佳使用时长的临床试验研究

目的探讨全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)患者间歇性充气加压装置(intermittent pneumatic compression,IPC)单次最佳使用时长。方法便利抽取2021年11月-2022年6月在我院行全髋关节置换的患者120例,术后24~48 h内无时间上限地让患者持续接受IPC治疗,直到患者因任意原因要求停止。在开始前静息状态(基线)、每隔30 min、结束时测量患者术侧股总静脉峰值流速(peak velocity,PV)和心理接受度1次;基线、每隔1 h、结束时观察伤口渗血量各1次。对时长和血峰值流速进行相关性分析。结果120例患者IPC平均耐受时长为(80.42±3.31)min,87.5%的患者可耐受60 min,96例(71.1%)患者因影响翻身和其他活动是患者要求停止;IPC任意时长时的PV与静息的PV相比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);耐受IPC 30 min与60 min、90 min、120 min、150 min、180 min时PV相比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001);耐受IPC 60 min与90 min、120 min、150 min、180 min时PV相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.003、P=0.031);其他各耐受时长间PV差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IPC不同使用IPC同时一定要做踝泵运动,使用时长均未额外增加伤口渗血。结论对于意识清醒患者,兼顾考虑患者耐受性和对静脉血液流速的促进作用,建议单次使用IPC的时长为60~90 min,可增加每日的使用的频次或使用间歇期间进行踝泵运动。对于意识障碍患者可考虑指南中建议的每天18 h的时长。

针刺配合持续被动活动机对全膝关节置换术患者膝关节功能的影响

目的:探讨膝关节穴位针刺配合持续被动活动(CPM)机对全膝关节置换术(TKA)患者疼痛、膝关节功能及炎症指标的影响。方法:选择2021年8月-2023年6月本院收治的104例TKA患者,将其采用随机数字表法分成CPM机组和观察组。CPM机组52例术后采用CPM机进行康复锻炼,观察组52例在CPM机组基础上配合膝关节穴位针刺治疗。比较两组气虚血瘀证总积分、数字疼痛强度量表(NRS)评分、炎症指标、患膝关节活动度(ROM)、Harris髋关节评分(HHS)及不良反应情况。结果:术后3 d、1周及2周,两组气虚血瘀证总积分、NRS评分、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平均低于术后1 d(P <0.05),且观察组均低于CPM机组(P <0.05);术后1周、2周,两组患膝ROM、HHS评分均高于术前1 d(P <0.05),且观察组均高于CPM机组(P <0.05);观察组与CPM机组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(11.54%vs 9.62%,P>0.05)。结论:对TKA患者应用膝关节穴位针刺配合CPM机治疗,可明显降低术后早期炎症指标水平,显著改善气虚血瘀症状及疼痛,有效促进患膝功能恢复。

手术时间对女性初次全膝关节置换术预后的影响

目的 评估较长手术时间是否会增加全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasth,TKA)术后膝关节功能受限的风险,并探讨手术时间的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年1月在北京大学人民医院接受第1次TKA的原发性双膝骨关节炎的426例女性患者,年龄50~82岁,平均(66.24±11.58)岁;手术时间28~150 min,平均(64.03±19.17)min。采用美国膝关节协会评分(knee society score,KSS)评分对术后膝关节功能进行评估,评分低于85分为术后功能受限,其中膝关节功能良好组405例,功能受限组21例。采用单因素Cox回归模型分析手术时间对患者术后膝关节功能受限的影响,进一步研究手术时间与术后膝关节功能受限的关系,并用多因素Logistic回归模型分析影响手术时间的危险因素。结果 TKA术后膝关节功能良好组平均手术时间(63.84±20.33)min,平均年龄(63.72±13.92)岁。功能受限组平均手术时间(67.74±18.77)min,平均年龄(68.78±15.98)岁。单因素Cox回归分析结果显示,患者手术时间≥120 min(HR=1.814,95%CI:1.085~3.033)是术后膝关节功能受限的危险因素,多因素回归分析显示高血压是手术时间增加的独立危险因素。结论 TKA手术时间的延长会增加患者术后膝关节功能受限的风险,其中高血压是手术时间增加的独立危险因素。

醒脑开窍针法联合改良强制性运动疗法对脑梗死患者血清铁代谢的影响

目的观察醒脑开窍针法联合改良强制性运动疗法(modified constraint induced movement therapy,mCIMT)治疗脑梗死的临床疗效以及对血清铁代谢的影响。方法选取2020年7月—2022年10月68例脑梗死患者随机分为综合治疗组(34例)和mCIMT组(34例)。mCIMT组予强化训练患侧上肢和限制健侧上肢康复技术治疗;综合治疗组在mCIMT组基础上予醒脑开窍针法治疗。比较两组脑梗死患者临床疗效、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、简化Fugl-Meyer评定法(Fugl-Meyer Assessment,FMA)评分、改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)评分、血清铁蛋白(ferritin,FE)、血清转铁蛋白(transferrin,TRF)、血清总铁结合力(total iron-binding capacity,TIBC)水平。结果治疗后,两组脑梗死患者NIHSS评分、血清FE水平均低于治疗前(P<0.01),FMA评分、MBI评分、血清TRF水平、血清TIBC水平均高于治疗前(P<0.01);综合治疗组NIHSS评分、血清FE水平均低于mCIMT组,FMA评分、MBI评分、血清TRF水平、血清TIBC水平均高于mCIMT组(P<0.01)。综合治疗组临床有效率高于mCIMT组[91.18%(31/34)vs 70.59%(24/34)](P<0.05)。结论醒脑开窍针法联合mCIMT治疗脑梗死患者疗效确切,能够改善神经缺损程度、运动功能、日常生活能力和血清铁代谢水平,值得临床进一步推广应用。

花生捡拾收获机降尘草箱设计与气尘运动特性仿真

【目的】探究加装降尘装置减少花生捡拾收获作业中扬尘污染的可行性。【方法】通过土壤颗粒分布计算,结合中联收获4HJL-6型自走式花生捡拾收获机上可用空间,设计了滤筒式和旋风除尘式2种降尘草箱。基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD),采用离散相模型(discrete phase model, DPM)对降尘草箱内部气尘运动特性进行仿真分析和对比,以压力损失和颗粒停留时间为评价指标,对比分析降尘草箱的除尘性能,探寻最佳降尘效果。结合田间作业试验,用无人机实时监测扬尘颗粒分布情况进行验证。【结果】在仿真模拟过程中,总悬浮物颗粒(total suspended particulate, TSP)平均粒径设定为65μm时,滤筒式降尘草箱中颗粒物平均停留时间为2.89 s,压力损失703 Pa;旋风除尘式降尘草箱颗粒物平均停留时间为1.74 s,压力损失为358 Pa;当悬浮颗粒的粒径大于40μm时,方形旋风除尘器的分离效率可达100%。在无人机扬尘监测中,装载滤筒式降尘草箱后TSP监测平均值下降75.8%。【结论】2种降尘草箱均达到了预期降尘效果,滤筒式降尘草箱优于旋风除尘式降尘草箱,其应用经济性较好,空间比例较大。

浮针联合大黄粉穴位贴敷治疗中风后便秘的效果观察

目的探究浮针联合大黄粉穴位贴敷治疗中风后便秘的效果。方法选取2022年6月至2023年9月广东省阳春市中医院发生中风后便秘的患者120例,通过随机数表法将患者分为三组,每组各40例。对照A组单用乳果糖治疗,对照B组单用大黄粉穴位贴敷治疗,观察组联用浮针疗法及大黄粉穴位贴敷治疗,比较三组临床症状评分、生活质量评分、自主排便次数、治疗总有效率。结果治疗后三组临床症状评分、生活质量评分及自主排便次数比较,观察组分别低于、低于、多于对照A组及对照B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组治疗总有效率比较,观察组高于对照A组及对照B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中风后便秘联用浮针和大黄粉穴位贴敷治疗可改善临床症状、生活质量、自主排便能力,临床疗效更佳。

科技服务业集聚如何影响企业出口持续时间?

制造企业出口持续时间是中国出口供应链安全的重要内容,科技服务业集聚是构建现代化产业体系的重要考量。文章基于2000-2014年中国工业企业与海关进出口匹配数据,运用生存分析模型,就科技服务业集聚与企业出口持续时间之间的关系与作用机制进行实证分析。研究发现,科技服务业集聚显著降低了企业出口退出风险,延长了企业出口持续时间。在一系列稳健性检验后,基准回归结果仍然成立,且科技服务业集聚更加有助于提高年轻企业和中年企业、民营企业、东部地区、技术密集型以及加工贸易企业的出口生存率,延长其出口持续时间。机制分析表明,科技服务业集聚通过提高企业全要素生产率和提升企业出口技术复杂度增强了出口企业的风险抵御能力,延长了企业出口持续时间。

不同神经阻滞技术对全髋关节置换术患者术后镇痛效果及髋部运动的影响比较

目的:探讨髂腰肌平面阻滞(IPB)与髂筋膜间隙阻滞(FICB)对全髋关节置换术(THA)患者术后镇痛效果及髋部运动的影响。方法:将2022年1月—2023年12月在福州市第一总医院行THA的96例患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组48例。麻醉诱导前,对照组行FICB,观察组行IPB,两组术后均予以静脉镇痛。记录两组神经阻滞操作时间和术中麻醉药物使用情况;于术后2、6、12和24 h,对患者疼痛评分分别进行记录;对两组术后24 h内镇痛情况进行记录;记录两组患者术后24 h内股四头肌肌无力发生情况;此外,记录两组术后恢复情况。结果:较于对照组,观察组神经阻滞操作时间更短(P<0.05),两组术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后2、6、12和24 h各时间点疼痛评分、术后24 h内镇痛泵按压次数、舒芬太尼用量及补救镇痛率对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。较于对照组,观察组术后股四头肌肌无力发生率显著下降,且术后首次下床活动时间提前,术后住院时间缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:IPB应用于THA可为患者提供良好的镇痛效果,且相比FICB,对髋部运动能力无不良影响,有利于术后快速恢复。