Implementation Status and Development Strategies of Study Tour in Primary Schools in Nanchang City : A Case Study of L Primary School

In recent years,with the support and promotion of relevant policies such as the Opinions on Promoting Study Tour for Primary and Secondary School Students jointly issued by the Ministry of Education and 11 other departments,a wave of study tour has been sparked nationwide from individual pilot projects to gradual promotion.In this paper,students and teachers from grades 4 to 6 of L Primary School in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province were selected as the survey objects.Combining the survey questionnaire,the current situation of conducting study tour in the primary school was sorted out and analyzed in depth from several aspects such as study tour cognition,study tour participation,study tour implementation,etc.Based on the survey results and relevant research,the current problems in conducting study tours in primary schools were summarized,and targeted improvement measures were proposed,in order to promote the healthy development of study tours in primary schools.

Curriculum Ideological and Political Teaching and Practice of Study Tour Course Design in Higher Vocational Colleges: A Case Study of Qingdao Preschool Education College

Curriculum ideology and politics are critical for colleges and universities to fulfill theirfundamental mission of fostering moral and intellectual development. Within this framework, professionalcourses serve as the primary vehicles for integrating ideological and political education. Specifically, inthe field of study tours, the Study Tour Course Design emerges as a pivotal component for actualizingthe educational objectives of such programs. To construct a robust ideological and political curriculum,it is essential to devise a comprehensive system that aligns with professional teaching standards, industrybenchmarks, and vocational skill requirements. This involves a thorough exploration of ideologicaland political elements within the curriculum, ensuring their seamless integration throughout the coursedevelopment process.

High-quality Development of the Pearl River Night Tour in the Context of Deep Integration of Culture and Tourism

Urban night tourism is a new form of urban tourism development and an important driving force for the prosperity of urban night economy.As the most prestigious business card among many night tour projects in Guangzhou,the Pearl River water night tour has contributed to the development of Guangzhou s night economy,which cannot be underestimated.However,in the process of rapid development,there are also problems such as diversified operators,insufficient integration of intangible cultural elements,excessive commercial attributes,issues of tourism facilities and service facilities.Under the new stage of integrated development of culture and tourism,how to use mutual promotion of culture and tourism in the Pearl River night tour to seek innovative paths for high-quality development in the future is the main problem expected to be solved in this paper.Therefore,based on the perspective of culture and tourism integration,this paper analyzes the general situation and development status of the Pearl River night tour,and proposes five development strategies:the overall planning of culture and tourism integration,the deep integration of intangible cultural elements,the balance of commercial attributes and tourism attributes,the high integration of culture,business,tourism and education,and the creation of tourism atmosphere,in order to provide inspiration for the healthy,orderly and high-quality development of the Pearl River night tour.

High-quality Development Path of Night Tourism in Guangzhou:A Case Study of Firefly Night Tour

Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.

Research on the Exploitation of Study Tour Resources in Mount Taishan

Mount Taishan in Taian Prefecture of Shandong Province has rich study tour resources,but its development efforts are extremely disproportionate to its status as one of the five unique mountains.Through analyzing study tour in the context of its development and study tour resources in Mount Taishan,and based on the in-depth analysis of the existing problems,the proposals for the development of resources were put forward:highlight the main line and enrich the study activities to create study bases around Mount Taishan;improve the study services through the research and development of special products;expand the publicity to promote the educational products and research products.

Accounting for Heterogeneity in Stop Frequency Models of Work Tours Using Latent Class Poisson Models

Stop frequency models, as one of the elements of activity based models, represent an important part of travel behavior. Unobserved heterogeneity across the travelers should be taken into consideration to prevent biasedness and inconsistency in the estimated parameters in the stop frequency models. Additionally, previous studies on the stop frequency have mostly been done in larger metropolitan areas and less attention has been paid to the areas with less population. This study addresses these gaps by using 2012 travel data from a medium sized U.S. urban area using the work tour for the case study. Stop in the work tour were classified into three groups of outbound leg, work based subtour, and inbound leg of the commutes. Latent Class Poisson Regression Models were used to analyze the data. The results indicate the presence of heterogeneity across the commuters. Using latent class models significantly improves the predictive power of the models compared to regular one class Poisson regression models. In contrast to one class Poisson models, gender becomes insignificant in predicting the number of tours when unobserved heterogeneity is accounted for. The commuters are associated with increased stops on their work based subtour when the employment density of service-related occupations increases in their work zone, but employment density of retail employment does not significantly contribute to the stop making likelihood of the commuters. Additionally, an increase in the number of work tours was associated with fewer stops on the inbound leg of the commute. The results of this study suggest the consideration of unobserved heterogeneity in the stop frequency models and help transportation agencies and policy makers make better inferences from such models.

Scottish Literary Heritage and National Identity:A Case Study of Boswell’s The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides

For a long time,the history of“Scottish Literature”has been overshadowed by the concept of“British literature”,and thus Scottish literary heritage has been seen as“regional characteristics”.The Act of Union 1707 led to a growing concern for Scottish national identity.In The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides,the famous Scottish-born biographer James Boswell chose to take advantage of Scottish literary heritage as a point of penetration to express his own Scottish national identity with Scotland in literature and Scottish literature.

TOUR及其改进模型在路径搜索中的应用研究

定性空间推理是近几年来空间关系推理的一个热点,TOUR模型就是一个很好的定性空间推理模型,它基于认知图,对空间信息进行合理描述,能够吸收新的信息和解决路径搜索问题,但TOUR模型本身也存在一些不足之处。文中介绍了基于空间关系路径搜索的TOUR模型,用TOUR模型解决了一个具体的路径搜索问题,根据具体的应用指出了TOUR模型的不足,对TOUR模型进行了改进,并提出了改进后的算法,最后分析了对TOUR模型改进后的主要优势。

Bacteriology of Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of CHU Gabriel Touré

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a public health issue. An infection is said to be associated with the care if it occurs during or after the care of a patient, and if it was neither present nor incubation at the beginning of the care. Objective: The purpose of this work was to study the bacteriology of infections associated with obstetric care in the gynecology-obstetrics department of CHU Gabriel Touré. Patients and Methods: This is an epidemiological, descriptive, analytical study conducted in the gynecology-obstetrics department of the CHU Gabriel Touré, from April 11th, 2016 to August 29th, 2016 (5 months). Data collection focused on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of healthcare-associated infections in patients during their hospitalization. Included in the study were any patients hospitalized in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department who agreed to participate in the study. The criteria used to diagnose the associated infection were those of the Atlanta CDC. Operative wound monitoring was done up to the 30th postoperative day. Results: We have recorded 200 patients, out of whom 138 were operated on and 23 cases of bacterial infection associated with care (11.50%). The average age of the patients was 32.52 years ± 13.36 years against 29.36 years ± 10.28 years for the patients who did not present the infection. Seven point five percent of the evacuated patients had an infection associated with care. The most common types of infection were surgical site infection (60.86%), urinary tract infection (26.08%), endometritis and sepsis with 13.04% each. The isolated organisms were all resistant to Amoxicillin, to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid (88.88%) and to Ciprofloxacin (77.77%). The average duration of hospitalization for patients who developed the infection was 14.70 days. The lethality was 1.50%. The average cost of management of patients who developed the surgical site infection was 119,837 FCFA. Conclusion: The bacterial infections associated with the care remain frequent in our service and dominated by the infections of the operating site. Isolated organisms were all resistant to amoxicillin in 88.88% case ciprofloxacin.

A Novel Insertion Solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem

The studypresents theHalfMax InsertionHeuristic (HMIH) as a novel approach to solving theTravelling SalesmanProblem (TSP). The goal is to outperform existing techniques such as the Farthest Insertion Heuristic (FIH) andNearest Neighbour Heuristic (NNH). The paper discusses the limitations of current construction tour heuristics,focusing particularly on the significant margin of error in FIH. It then proposes HMIH as an alternative thatminimizes the increase in tour distance and includes more nodes. HMIH improves tour quality by starting withan initial tour consisting of a ‘minimum’ polygon and iteratively adding nodes using our novel Half Max routine.The paper thoroughly examines and compares HMIH with FIH and NNH via rigorous testing on standard TSPbenchmarks. The results indicate that HMIH consistently delivers superior performance, particularly with respectto tour cost and computational efficiency. HMIH’s tours were sometimes 16% shorter than those generated by FIHand NNH, showcasing its potential and value as a novel benchmark for TSP solutions. The study used statisticalmethods, including Friedman’s Non-parametric Test, to validate the performance of HMIH over FIH and NNH.This guarantees that the identified advantages are statistically significant and consistent in various situations. Thiscomprehensive analysis emphasizes the reliability and efficiency of the heuristic, making a compelling case for itsuse in solving TSP issues. The research shows that, in general, HMIH fared better than FIH in all cases studied,except for a few instances (pr439, eil51, and eil101) where FIH either performed equally or slightly better thanHMIH. HMIH’s efficiency is shown by its improvements in error percentage (δ) and goodness values (g) comparedto FIH and NNH. In the att48 instance, HMIH had an error rate of 6.3%, whereas FIH had 14.6% and NNH had20.9%, indicating that HMIH was closer to the optimal solution. HMIH consistently showed superior performanceacross many benchmarks, with lower percentage error and higher goodness values, suggesting a closer match tothe optimal tour costs. This study substantially contributes to combinatorial optimization by enhancing currentinsertion algorithms and presenting a more efficient solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem. It also createsnew possibilities for progress in heuristic design and optimization methodologies.

Study of Cofactors Associated with Precancerous High-Grade Cervical Lesions at the Teaching Hospital Gabriel Touré, 2010 to 2015

Introduction: High grade dysplasia of the cervix has a high incidence and can progress to cervical cancer. The aim was to study cofactors associated with high-grade cervical dysplasia. Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study without matching. Women with high grade dysplasia were the cases while those with a normal screening test represented the controls. The study took place at the Gabriel Touré University Hospital Center in Bamako. We included 351 cases and 420 controls. The capture and analysis were performed using the SPSS 20 software. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the analysis of risk cofactors. The statistical tests used were the odds ratio and its confidence interval and the statistical significance threshold was set at p Results: In univariate analysis, the co-factors statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of high-grade dysplasia were parity 0.6 (0.5 - 0.9), gestational 0.7 (0.5 - 0.9), smoking of the spouse 3.4 (1.1 - 11.3), the non-schooling 1.4 (1.2 - 2.1). In multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounding factors, two co-factors have significantly increased the risk of high-grade dysplasia: lack of schooling 1.4 (1.2 - 2.0) and polygamy 1.5 (1.4 - 2.5). Conclusion: At the end of this study, polygamy and lack of schooling were the main risk factors. The prevention of cervical cancer will go through the education of girls and women as well as communication for behavioral change and social change.

Blows and Voluntary Wounds of the Emergency Unite in Gabriel Toure Teaching Hospital in Bamako

Introduction: Voluntary assault and injuries are acts that damage the physical and psychological integrity of a human being. WHO in its global report on violence and health estimates that in 2000, 1.6 million people worldwide died as a result of self-harm, interpersonal or collective violence, resulting in an overall rate adjusted by age of 28.8 per 100,000 population. Because of the seriousness of this phenomenon and the heavy socio-economic and health consequences that they generate, it seemed important to us to undertake this study, which aimed to study the deliberate injuries in the emergency unite of the Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital in Bamako. Material and methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a prospective study from September 1st, 2016 to August 31st, 12 months, covering 295 patients, including any patient received for voluntary injury consultation with a workable medical record and/or a full investigation record with or without requisition. Our data were collected on individual survey cards and subsequently analyzed with Word, Excel, IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. Results: The majority of victims of assault and bodily injury were male with 83.1%;with a sex ratio of 4.9, the 18 to 28 age group was the most concerned with 163 cases of the 295 cases in our study, 55.2%. The extremes were 6 and 100 years old with an ectype at 11.08. The most affected ethnic group was Bambara with 38.6% (n = 114) followed by Fulani with 15.6% (n = 46). Students were the most affected at 24.7% (n = 73), followed by traders at 10%. The victims coming from outside Bamako are the most predominant with 22.4% (n = 66) followed by those of commune IV of Bamako 15.6% (n = 46). In 92.2% of the cases the mechanism was direct with n = 272. Of the lesions recorded in our study, wounds came first with 53.2% of cases. Radiography was the most used imaging at 44.7% (n = 89) followed by computed tomography at 34.7% (n = 69). The hemoperitoneum objectified by abdominal ultrasound represented 29.3% (n = 12). Fractures embarrure associated with bruising-hemorrhagic bruises were the most predominant with 13.4% (n = 10) objectified by brain scan. Conclusion: We note that the phenomenon of violence has reached worrying proportions, especially among young adults, particularly among students and is observed in all so-cio-professional layers. The polymorphism of these injuries caused by the predominant use of knives must draw the attention of our authorities to take measures to reduce these aggressions.

Digestive Bleeding by Rupture of Esophageal Varicose Veins and Prognosis Value of Blood Transfusion in the Hepatogastroenterology Department of the Gabriel Toure Hospital

Digestive hemorrhage by rupture of esophageal Varices is common and has a pejorative prognosis in our context. Purpose: The main purpose of this work was to study the digestive bleeding by esophageal varices and prognosis value of blood transfusion in the Hospital of Gabriel Touré. Methodology: It was a prospective study that took place in the service of Hepato-gastroenterology of Gabriel Touré Hospital from June 2016 to May 2017 and from November 2017 to August 2018. Results: At the end of the study, 77 patients met the inclusion criteria out of 1396 patients hospitalized during the same period. Varices bleeding represented a prevalence of 5.5% among hospitalized patients during the same period. The average age of our patients was 46.58 ± 15.09 years. The male sex was more reported in our study with a prevalence of 67.5%. At admission, 63.2% had clinical anemia, 58.4% low arterial pressure and 50.6% hemoglobin rate less than 7 g/dL. Blood transfusion was indicated in 47 patients (61%). The mortality rate was 23.4% and was comparable in both groups (p = 0.0990). Early rebleeding was significantly observed in the case of transfusion (p = 0.0452). Hepatic encephalopathy was the leading cause of death of our patients with 72.2%. Conclusion: Digestive bleeding by esophageal varices is a worsen complication in cirrhosis in hospital setting. Transfusion has not significantly improved the prognosis of our patients.

Anesthetic Activities of Scheduled Surgery at CHU Gabriel Touré

Concept: We opted for this study because the hospital unit Gabriel Touré was renovated with 7 surgical specialties. Our study was the very last study before the advent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19). Goal: Evaluate the anesthetic activities of the planned surgery at the University Hospital Center CHU Gabriel Touré. Method and Material: This was a descriptive prospective study carried out in the cold operating theater of the CHU Gabriel Touré from January to December 2018. It focused on all patients operated on for regulated surgery and who had benefited from anesthesia. Our data was entered and analyzed on SPSS 25 software. Word processing performed on Microsoft WORD® 2016 and graphics on Microsoft EXCEL® 2016. Results: During the study period 1700 patients were operated on in the operating room for scheduled surgery. The age range of 0 to 5 years accounted for (14.8%). The average age was 6.64 years;male predominance (52.6%) of operated patients with a sex ratio of 1.1. A history of general anesthesia was found in 62.1%. The classification of the American Anesthesia Society (ASA) ASA1 class represented 92.7%. Tonsillitis was the most common operative diagnosis (9.5%). Hernia cures and eventrations were the most common surgical technique (11.8%). General anesthesia was achieved in 65.3% of patients. Hypotension was the most common adverse event in the operating room, 44.5%. The intraoperative mortality was 0.11%. Conclusion: Our study covered the entire population anesthetized. It provided an update on the practice of anesthesia in the intensive care unit anesthesia. General anesthesia was the most used technique;a predominance of cardiovascular adverse events, occurring more often in induction and mainly favorable outcome with mortality intraoperative 0.11%. A growing presence of MAR and DES who had performed more than 30% of anesthesia.

Tuberculosis in Children: Epidemio-Clinical Aspects in the Paediatric Department of the Gabriel TouréUniversity Hospital Center

Introduction: Globally, tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent ahead of HIV/AIDS. Approximately 10 million people contracted TB in 2017, 10% of whom were children aged 0 - 15 years, or about 1 million with 250,000 deaths in 2016 (including children with HIV-associated TB). The signs of TB in children are not always specific and diagnosis remains difficult unlike in adults. According to a study conducted in 2011 in the paediatric department of the CHU-Gabriel Touré, only seventeen cases of all forms of tuberculosis were found, or approximately 0.2% of hospitalised children. The objective of our study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of tuberculosis in children. Materials and Method: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study that took place from 24 October 2017 to 23 October 2018, or 12 months in children aged 0-15 years. Data were collected from an individual medical record opened for each patient and an individual survey form established for each child. Results: During the study period, 40,434 children were consulted. Tuberculosis was suspected in 91 children, with a frequency of 0.22%. The age range of 1 to 4 years was 36.3% with a median age of 72 months. The sex ratio was 1.8. Chronic cough with 84.6% and malnutrition with 24.17% were the most frequent symptoms. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral pulmonary lesions in 52.7% and mediastinal adenopathy in 12.1%. TST was positive in 10.9% of patients, microscopy in 26.4%, Gene Xpert in 18.7%, and culture in 16.5%. The biological diagnosis of tuberculosis was retained in 48.4% of the patients, the pulmonary form represented 93.2%. The therapeutic regime (2RHZE/4RH) was used in 81.6% of cases and the evolution was favourable in 65.9% of patients. Conclusion: The diagnosis of tuberculosis in children remains difficult in our context. The clinical signs are not always specific, and further studies are needed to further elucidate this disease.

Discussion on Semantic and Communicative Translation and Its Application to English Translation of Tour Guide Manuals

Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.

浅析由“半tour废”引起的中英文混搭

从“洋泾浜”英语、字母词到“汉形英语”等,中英文混搭在我们日常交往的使用中已屡见不鲜,这由英语的普及、网络的兴起与大众的猎奇心理等众多因素引起。2016年末至2017年初,网红papi酱的“半tour废”引起了新一轮的中英文网络语言混搭。本文分析、归纳此轮中英文混搭网络语言的表现形式,并将其与过往中英文混搭网络语言进行比较。

Tour Planning Design for Mobile Robots Using Pruned Adaptive Resonance Theory Networks

The development of intelligent algorithms for controlling autonomous mobile robots in real-time activities has increased dramatically in recent years.However,conventional intelligent algorithms currently fail to accurately predict unexpected obstacles involved in tour paths and thereby suffer from inefficient tour trajectories.The present study addresses these issues by proposing a potential field integrated pruned adaptive resonance theory(PPART)neural network for effectively managing the touring process of autonomous mobile robots in real-time.The proposed system is implemented using the AlphaBot platform,and the performance of the system is evaluated according to the obstacle prediction accuracy,path detection accuracy,time-lapse,tour length,and the overall accuracy of the system.The proposed system provide a very high obstacle prediction accuracy of 99.61%.Accordingly,the proposed tour planning design effectively predicts unexpected obstacles in the environment and thereby increases the overall efficiency of tour navigation.

A Support System of Sightseeing Tour Planning Using Public Transportation in Japanese Rural Areas

Though most of tourists tend to visit multiple sightseeing spots during their sightseeing tours,it is difficult for them to efficiently acquire information necessary for their sightseeing tour planning.Additionally,in rural area,many people hope to use public transportation which has not developed as much as in urban areas.The present study aims to design and develop a support system of sightseeing tour planning in Japanese rural areas,adopting the information related to real timetables of public transportation on both the sea and the ground,and genetic algorism(GA).The system was developed integrating moving route recommendation system,web-geographic information systems(Web-GIS),and augmented reality(AR)application.Furthermore,Kagawa Prefecture in the western part was selected as the operation target area.The operation of the system was conducted for two months,targeting those inside and outside the operation target area,and web questionnaire surveys were conducted.From the evaluation results based on the web questionnaire surveys,the usefulness of all the original functions as well as of the entire system was analyzed.Additionally,though some users could not easily use the system,it is expected that they will get used to utilizing it by their continuous use.

Efficient Tour Planning for Tourist Sites Visitation in Lokoja, Nigeria: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Using GIS

This study used GIS to analyse various visitation sequence and routes for tourist sites in Lokoja considering multiple scenarios. This was done with a view to determining the most efficient visitation sequence vis-à-vis the routes for optimizing the overall visiting time and distance for the various scenarios considered. The main datasets used were the transportation network and the geographic coordinates of the tourist sites. These were collected through a comprehensive field survey of the study area. The ArcGIS 10.1 Network Analyst Extension was the main software used for this analysis. Five scenarios were considered comprising open and closed tours as well as Sequential Ordering Problems (SOP) and non-SOPs. In addition, for the first and second scenarios, an auxiliary scenario was considered that featured a hypothetical road block on an important arterial route. The fifth scenario considered the implication of a hypothetical flooding of some road sections along the bank of the River Niger. Furthermore, for each scenario, there were two optimization solutions: One that optimized the distance covered in visiting all the tourist sites and the other that optimized the time duration required to complete the site visitations. Optimal visitation sequences were determined by the network analyst as part of the solution of the respective scenarios. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to compare the consequences of time savings vis-à-vis distance savings across the various scenarios. In addition to the detailed navigation map produced for each scenario, a comprehensive navigation description guide was derived. The study reveals that scenarios where the site visitation sequence were optimized saved both time and distance markedly compared to scenarios with a predefined site visitation sequence. In all cases, shorter visitation durations were associated with time-optimized scenarios compared to distance-optimized ones while shorter visitation distances were associated with distance-optimized scenarios as compared to time-optimized scenarios. However, the disparities between distance-optimized and time-optimized scenarios were negligible in some cases. Furthermore, the blockage of an important arterial route (including the flooding of a vulnerable road segment) resulted in a striking increase in the optimal distance and time required to visit all the tourist sites in Lokoja. Overall, the shortest cumulative travel time (of approximately 17.69 minutes) and distance (of 15,897.20 meters) were derived from the second scenario.