From theme park to cultural tourism town:Disneyization turning of tourism space in China

Theme park development has become an important choice for tourism space development in Chinese cities,and the theming of space as well as the implied consumption symbols and cultural implications are usually viewed as examples for the development of other urban spaces,such as cultural tourism towns.The result is the Disneyization of urban tourism space.With the construction of characteristic towns being vigorously promoted throughout China,cultural tourism towns are springing up.They are typical of the“Wuzhen Town Mode”and represent the process of the Disneyization of tourism space in China.This research reflects on the evolution of the characteristics of tourism space in China.Taking the Wuzhen Town Mode as an example,this study reveals the characteristics and conversion mechanism of the Disneyization of tourism space in Chinese cities.According to this research,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is characterized by theming,hybrid consumption,merchandising,and performative labor.Residential function is a unique characteristic of the Disneyization of cultural tourism towns in China.Moreover,the Wuzhen Town Mode of the Disneyization is jointly motivated by the driving force of local governments,the propulsive force of tourist demand,the attractive force of the social environment,and the driving force of capital.Finally,suggestions and policy proposals are provided for the Disneyization of tourism space in China.

The Problems and Measures for Small Tourism Town Development in China:A Case Study of Wan Town

With the rapid development of tourism and urbanization in China,small tourism towns gradually grow toward prosperity.This paper takes Wan Town as an example to analyze the problem and countermeasures concerning the development of small tourism towns in China.There are a series of issues in the process of development of Wan Town,which includes uncoordinated architectural style,inaccurate market positioning,repeated cultural themes,and vulnerable linkage of the industrial chain.Based on the factor analysis,these development issues were classified into three categories:confusing architectural style,repetitive cultural theme,and weak linkage of industrial chain.To achieve the goal of sustainable development of small tourism towns,some countermeasures must be taken which include promoting the development of small tourism towns with the new rural revitalization,strengthening services improvement in small tourism towns,gathering industrial elements related to the tourism industry,and increasing tourism cultural connotation.

Protection and Rural Tourism Development of Ancient Wuji Town in Hengdong County of Hunan Province,China

Wuji Town,which is located by the east of Mt.Hengshan(one of the Five Mountains in China),and the side of Mishui River(a principal east-west water transport in ancient central and southern regions of Hunan),once was an important commercial town and a political,economic and cultural center in the lower and middle reaches of Mishui River due to the particular historical opportunities.Its tourist resources are characterized by "integrated natural scenery and ancient town,highly concentrated scenic spots,prosperous business in the history,row upon row of stores and workshops,numerous temples and ancestral halls,and various festivals".It was proposed that the protection and rural tourism development of Wuji Town should be based on consciousness raising,unification of concepts,scientific planning,application of integrated protection means,and development of regional clusters on the basis of famous mountain and city.

Preliminary Study of Ancient Town Protection and Rural Tourism Development of Caoshi Town in Hengdong County,Hunan Province

The typical style and features of mountains and waters in Caoshi Ancient Town,have hitherto been well preserved. Caoshi Ancient Town boasts superior base of the natural eco-environment and deep-rooted background of regional culture,where mountains,waters,shoals,towns and other landscape elements are merged harmoniously,the transportation and geographical conditions have been fundamentally changed. Ancient towns,old temples,ancient forests,ancient wells and ancient piers are unique in different ways,with characteristics of tourism resources such as long history and ancient folklore. It should seize the historical opportunity of China vigorously developing rural tourism based on the construction of the new socialist countryside,to make characteristic agricultural economy gain ground; assume the leading role to drive the development of tourism economy in surrounding areas; correctly handle the relationship between development and protection to walk the path of sustainable development of tourism.

Rural Tourism Development of the Ancient Village in Guangxi Province—A Case Study of Yangmei Ancient Town of Nanning City

In view of current problems in rural tourism development of the ancient villages in Guangxi Province, and based on viewpoints of some scholars, the paper proposed some opinions and suggestions by a case study of how tourism development in Yangmei Town serving metropolitan construction of Nanning at Beibu Gulf.

Urban Repair Routes Toward Cultural Tourism:A Case Study of the Old Town of Jiazhou in Leshan,Sichuan

Cultural tourism is one of the directions of urban transformation and development,but there are still problems such as fragmentation of resource development models.Urban repair,as a comprehensive,systematic,and holistic updating project under the guidance of the problem,is an important way to promote the sustainable development of urban cultural tourism by paying attention to the connotative development of the "stock" of urban scale.Based on the analysis of the western urban cultural renaissance concept,this study closely followed the actual situation of cultural tourism development in the old city of China,re-examined the scale,goals and values of the current urban repair research to find breakthroughs for urban repair,put forward basic routes for the renewal of the built-up area,and analyzed the project practice of the Old Town of Jiazhou,with a view to providing a new "repair" model for promoting cultural tourism in small and medium-sized cities in China.

Study on Increase of Farmers' Income in Tibet from an Ecological Tourism Perspective——A Case Study of Puqu Town in Nyingchi County

Based on investigation data of farmers＇ income in Puqu Town, Nyingchi County during 2008 -2013, sources of farmers＇ income and effects of ecological tourism on increase of farmers＇ income in Puqu Town were analyzed. The results show that crop farming and animal husbandry are still main sources of increase of farmers＇ income, and ecological tourism has played increasingly important roles in increase of farmers＇ income; household productive management income is dominant but increases slowly, but household service management income increases rapidly; all kinds of subsidies also contribute to increase of farmers＇ income; ecological tourism and increase of farmers＇ income show rational retum trends to a cer- tain degree; because of shortcomings in tourism management, ecological tourism in Puqu Town develops slowly; the overall development of ecolog- ical tourism is not consistent with increase of farmers＇ income.

Analysis of Evolution Features of Villages into Small Towns under the Influence of Tourism:A Case Study of Xizhou Town of Dali City

Influence of tourism on society,economy and culture of traditional villages is shown gradually by physical form,promoting the evolution of villages into small towns. Based on the perspective of morphology,the changing features of physical and social spatial form of three typical regions(Xizhou Village and its surrounding areas,Zhoucheng Village and its surrounding areas,and Renliyi Village) in Xizhou Town of Dali City during 1985-2010 were analyzed; the roles of tourism during the evolution process of villages into small towns were discussed; the evolution features of villages into small towns were summarized. It is concluded that tourism and economy related to tourism have played important roles in the enhancement of cohesion degree of an aggregation nucleus and have promoted the evolution process of vilages into small towns.

Status Quo and Development Countermeasures of Suburban Picking and Sightseeing Tourism in Bayi Town,Linzhi City

On the basis of investigating picking and sightseeing resources in neighboring areas of Bayi Town,Linzhi City,this paper explored problems in the development of local leisure sightseeing and picking industry,and proposed scientific and reasonable countermeasures.

Study on Tourist Attractiveness of Ancient Villages and Towns Based on Cognition of Visitors

Through survey of visitors,relevant data had been acquired.By aid of factor analysis method,computation model of comprehensive tourist attractiveness of ancient villages and towns was established,which had certain theoretical and practical guidance value to rural tourism resources development and market development.

THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM──A Case Study in Dali,Yunnan Province,China

Ancient town Dali is located in northwest Yunnan Province. With its ancient history and natural scenery,it is preserved as one of the first 24 historical and cultural towns in China. Dali has become one of the most popular attractions for foreign tourists since it had its first foreign visitors in 1983.As a result,English came into the life of the local people.This paper presents and explains the results of questionnaires and interviews about Dan people’s attitude toward learning English.Three types of questionnaires were designed to local businessmen,local residents and foreign tourists.Interviews were also given whenever possible.In this study,businessmen in Dali were divided into two distinct groups. One group had their business in“Foreigners’Street”,which was in front of Hongshancha Hotel where many foreign tourists stayed. Another group had business in Fuxin Street, which was vertically across“Foreigners’Street”.The 41 shops and restaurants in“Foreigners’Street”served mainly foreign visitors,and most of them had English names and advertisements. The 353 shops and restaurants in Fuxin Street mainly catered for domestic visitors but also served more and more overseas ones.Subjects from local residents were mostly young people because aging ones were apparently not much affected by English. The results of the study showed that the oral English levels became lower from“Foreigners’Street”to Fuxin Street to local residents,due to declining frequency of contact with foreign people.There were also distinct differences in general English level, the understanding of the importance of English,the purposes of communicating with foreign tourists,the willingness and purposes of going on The project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.learning English between businessmen in“Foreigners’Street”and Fuxin Street:people in“Foreigners’Street”had more positive feedback than those in Fuxin Street because their constant contact with foreigners required them to speak better English which enabled them to exchange with foreigners in many aspects,which in turn help them to know more about other cultures. On the other hand,Fuxin Street businessmen would catch up with more and more prospective contact with overseas people.Though local residents had nothing to do with foreign tourists,they met them in the street every day and might have to talk with them in unexpected ways.They lived in a place where they saW English advertisement every day. Accordingly,study results showed that they were very much motivated to learn English. They showed even stronger desire to learn more English than businessmen in “Foreigners’Street”,though many of them were too young to tell why English was so important for them. This is an indication that English has become part of the necessary education for young people in Dan. With the development of tourism, Dali is gradually becoming a place where Chinese culture and western culture meet and coexist.

Analysis of Local Features and Shaping of Rural Tourism in Kuandian of Liaoning Province

In the process of rural tourism development and planning,local features and related concepts have attracted more and more attention from scholars with the deepening of development. As one form of places,rural areas have extraordinary significance,so the participation of local residents,the integration of traditional culture and the inheritance of local features should be fully taken into account in the development of rural tourism. However,some local governments refuse to focus on local features in the process of rural tourism planning,so the planning and development of rural tourism in many places are similar and can't reflect the unique features of local culture. Therefore,this paper takes Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County in Liaoning Province as an example,which has rich rural tourism resources and unique features,and conducts research on the tourism planning with local features from local perspective.

COMPREHENSMIVE PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES EXPLOITATION AND WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FOR CHANGLI COUNTY--A CASE STUDY FOR SMALL TOWNS OF CHINA

One of the major characteristics about the water resources and water pollution in China is that the southem part of the country is endowed with abundant water resources with serious water pollution occurring in some areas, whereas the northem part is endowed with limited water resources with relatively more serious water pollution existing in some areas. Urban areas have been mainiy affected by point source pollution while ecological damage is most serious in rural areas and small towns. With rapid development of socio-ecomony and urbanization, many new small towns have occurred in China, and the concemed ecological problems such as water pollution and soil erosion have been gradually changed into local point source pollution. Water envirormental problems are geding more and more serious. To resolve the above mentioned problems and to provide a mode for towns in North China, the Research Center of Water Problems of Chinese Academy of Sciences undertook the research project of comprehensive planning of urban environment of Changli County, Hebei Province. Conceming the limited financial strength of the county and its relatively low level of socio-economic development, the planning is aimed to protect and to improve Changli's environment with the least cost, to promote the suitable development of socio-economy of Changli County, and to carry out effective environmental regulations, control and managemeat.

古田镇发展旅游业推进乡村振兴的成效与启示——基于扎根理论的研究

上杭古田镇依托当地丰富的红色文化、生态旅游、客家文化等资源,发展特色旅游,推动了乡村振兴。为深入研究古田镇旅游发展与乡村振兴的关系,利用扎根理论,根据收集的资料和实地调研获取的资料,具体分析古田镇旅游业发展在思想、组织、文化、生态、产业、设施、人才等七方面对于乡村振兴的推动作用。古田镇旅游业推动乡村振兴的案例为其他革命老区发展提供了启示:创新旅游管理模式、塑造乡村新型组织,深入挖掘文化资源、培育区域特色,优化基础设施建设、改善农村人居环境,完善人才培养制度、培育乡村旅游型人才。

共生视角下古镇文旅融合的演化过程与机制——以阳朔镇为例

“十四五”旅游发展规划明确了我国文旅融合发展的重要目标,必须坚持文旅深度融合,推动旅游业高质量发展。基于共生理论构建古镇文旅融合共生的分析框架,并选取阳朔镇作为案例对象,通过参与式观察、文本分析和深度访谈等研究方法,分析阳朔镇文旅融合的演化过程与机制。结果表明:①阳朔镇文旅融合的过程即文旅的共生演化,其权力关系、产业体系、时空环境和功能意义等共生要素都发生了流动和变化;②阳朔镇文旅融合的演化具有显著的阶段性特征,经历了要素共生、结构共生和功能共生3个阶段,表现为实现文旅共生资源集成,文旅共生产业扩张,最后完成文旅共生价值创造的演化过程;③权力作为主导力,资本作为推动力,惯习作为支撑力共同推动了阳朔镇文旅融合的演化,权力的博弈主导着文旅资源的分配,资本的运作逻辑推动文旅融合从要素走向功能的深度融合,不同行动者的惯习塑造了文旅融合的场域,同时又随着场域的发展被重塑。

乡村振兴战略背景下河南省体育旅游小镇发展路径研究

乡村振兴战略的实施为新时代乡村的发展提供了新的动能,乡村发展将迈入一个崭新的时代。河南省积极响应国家号召,大力推动体育旅游小镇的建设,致力于推进乡村振兴。该研究基于乡村振兴战略视角,对河南省体育旅游小镇发展的相关问题进行探索,进而探索河南省体育旅游小镇的发展路径。通过体育旅游小镇的发展来带动当地乡镇农村经济发展,实现乡村振兴的战略目标。

天津小站镇农业文化遗产基因提取与旅游服务设计

目的将农业文化遗产基因提取并引入到遗产地旅游服务设计中,通过基因挖掘,树立遗产地旅游差异化定位,提高服务设计效果。方法以天津小站镇为研究案例地,通过基因挖掘方法,提炼小站镇农业文化遗产基因,并运用服务设计的思想和方法,通过用户体验地图明确体验痛点与服务设计关键点,借助服务蓝图,梳理服务设计整体思路,将农业文化遗产基因融入遗产地旅游服务设计全过程。结论通过对小站镇农业文化遗产基因的挖掘,提取出农田风光、兵米文化、历史遗产3个核心基因构成,将其融入以虚拟旅游为基础的线上服务平台设计和以农业文化遗产为核心的线下服务设计中,构建线上、线下相结合的服务系统,提升服务体验,促进小站镇农业文化遗产旅游的可持续发展。

乡村振兴背景下民族特色小镇旅游发展研究--以贵州省镇远古镇为例

特色小镇是集文化、产业等多功能为一体的经济发展平台,高度契合乡村振兴发展战略。镇远古镇具备资源类型多样、设施相对完善、项目初见成效、多元主体协同发展等比较优势,但同时存在科旅融合成效不佳、营销渠道亟待优化、旅游项目感知度低、服务水平有待提升等问题。基于此,从加快科旅融合步伐、不断完善营销渠道、提高旅游感知度、提升旅游服务水平等方面提出相应的措施,在加快镇远旅游业赋能乡村振兴的同时也为其他区域发展提供参考借鉴。

旅游发展下江南古镇地方性感知与游客愉悦感的耦合关系--以上海朱家角古镇为例

旅游古镇的地方性与原真性显著影响旅游者的情绪感知和精神需求的满足程度。文章以上海朱家角古镇为例,通过问卷调研与数据分析,探索古镇地方性感知对游客愉悦感的影响,梳理古镇景观地方性感知过程,构建“地方性感知—愉悦感”的影响效应模型。研究表明,旅游古镇的物质环境地方性、文化符号地方性与行为活动地方性是主要的地方性感知因素,对游客愉悦感产生显著正向影响。研究结论可以为江南古镇景观地方性的保护传承及旅游可持续发展提供理论支撑。

浅析古镇旅游开发中历史文化资源的活化利用——以安徽省淮南市寿县瓦埠镇为例

古镇具有深厚的历史价值和独特的文化资源,针对当前古镇开发中历史文化资源的价值非优性和资源固化性等问题,本文引入古镇旅游开发活化利用理念,对古镇的历史文化资源活化利用进行理论研究和案例讨论,并提出古镇旅游历史文化资源活化利用应关注的三个方面。同时,结合安徽省淮南市寿县瓦埠镇的实际情况提出活化策略,并在此基础上,对古镇旅游开发的整体性优化进行了展望。