Design Strategy of Street Space Micro Renewal: A Case Study of Baihuazhou District of Nanchang City

Against the backdrop of incremental planning moving towards stock planning, strengtheningurban public space design to promote high-quality urban development has become a focus of attentionfor domestic scholars. Street is a linear element of urban public space, and it is of great significance forimproving the quality of urban public space by studying the micro renewal design strategy of street space.Based on the interpretation of two urban renewal cases, Wangjing Street in Beijing and Mengzhuiwan inChengdu, taking Baihuazhou area in Nanchang City as an example, this paper analyzes the main problemsin the current situation of street space in Baihuazhou area from three aspects: space use, traffic organization,and waterfront space creation, and explores the micro renewal design strategy of the street space.

The Analysis of Pingyao Ancient Town Street Spaces and View Spots Reachability by Space Syntax

The Pingyao ancient town is one of the four largest ancient cities in China. This study analyzes street spaces characteristic and view spots reachability of the Pingyao ancient town using space syntax. Then, it is concluded that the integration and reachability of street spaces are relatively higher in the northern ancient town;the accessibility among street spaces is relatively higher in the northeastern ancient town;and most of the ancient town street spaces are very open. Furthermore, the reachability of 14 view spots and their 4 corresponding street spaces is relatively higher in the 20 view spots and their 9 corresponding street spaces. Finally, some suggestions are presented to the tourism development of Pingyao ancient town based on the above conclusions.

Protection and Renovation Strategies for Ancient Town Architectural Space Design from the Perspective of Place Spirit Theory:A Case Study of Hekou Ancient Town,Yanshan County of Jiangxi Province

The protection and renovation of ancient town space design has been widely concerned by all walks of society and professionals of all disciplines.However,in the process of design protection and renovation,there are various serious problems such as lack of the core functions are weak,loss of historical context protection,and disappearance of architectural space design features.As an important commercial transportation hub town in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Hekou Ancient Town has become increasingly weak.From the perspective of the place spirit(Genius Loci)theory,this paper followed the design principle of"use function enhancement,spatial feature extension and life situation experience",and elaborated the strategies of space protection and renovation of Hekou Ancient Town design from three aspects:spatial pattern,landscape restoration and landscape node reconstruction,in the hope of enhancing the depth of the inheritance and development of the spiritual culture of ancient towns in China.

Spatial Configuration of Traditional Dwellings in Riyadh Al-Khabra Traditional Town, Saudi Arabia

Traditional buildings, particularly residential dwellings, are spatio-temporal reflections of the society and culture in which they were originally sited. Understanding the nature of this built heritage thus fosters interpretation of previous generations’ experiences in these older settlements, all of which can thus be described as products of several different cultural dimensions. Qassim province, which sits in the central province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is distinguished by having retained various traditional towns and villages, including multiple dwellings representing important eras in the past. However, due to the local population’s abandonment of these traditional towns and movement to new urban areas, and related failures in conservation and restoration, some of these towns have lost many of their unique characteristics, especially with regard to their dwellings. This research thus attempts to interpret the relationships between the spatial configuration of traditional dwellings in Saudi Arabia and their socio-cultural principles and values, focusing on decoding their interior spatial constants and genotypes. The study proposes the use of space syntax theory, represented by the justified plan graph method, as an appropriate socio-spatial methodology for such work, targeting the traditional town of Riyadh Al-Khabra in Qassim province as a case study area, with eight dwellings built between 1900 and 1940 used as examples. Interpretation of analysis results enabled defining spatial constants digitally in these traditional dwellings through the benefit of syntactic analysis techniques, and the main findings of this research reveal the significance of various social and cultural factors and customs among inhabitants with regard to determining the spatial form and properties of traditional dwellings in towns such as Riyadh Al-Khabra.

基于精细时空行为测度的街道空间人群数字画像构建与分异

【目的】城市空间景观设计需要匹配多元化人群的实际活动需求,既有的数字技术方法更多从大尺度、宏观视角出发研究人群活动,难以满足景观尺度上对人群时空行为的智能画像研究。从景观-建筑尺度深入探讨面向街道设计的人群数字画像识别指标体系与测度方法,可为理解街道建成环境与人群分异之间的互动机制提供依据。【方法】以江苏省南京市中央路为案例,通过采集基于手机定位服务(location-based services,LBS)的人群时空数据和街道空间数据,运用人工智能算法分析不同类型人群的街道空间时空使用特征;提出包含基本属性、时间偏好、空间偏好、设施偏好和景观偏好等多维度指标的街道空间人群数字画像测度方法和谱系构建方法。【结果】识别出213种街道空间人群类型和7类典型人群数字画像,揭示了街道空间人群数字画像的时空分异特征,发现了这些特征与现状街道景观设计和设施布局的关联性。【结论】基于街道空间人群数字画像的分析结果,针对性地提出提升街道空间品质的规划建议,有助于更好地满足不同人群的实际活动需求,以助力城市空间景观设计响应居民需求,从而创造更加宜居、舒适的城市环境。

基于计算机视觉与街景图像的城市街道绿化泛类结构量化分析与分布机制研究

在全球城市化和环境压力加剧的背景下,对城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)的量化是加强城市区域碳汇、缓解城市热岛效应以应对全球气候变化的重要前提。通过量化与分析不同城市的USGGS,探究其与城市建成环境之间的关系。使用改进的DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津、杭州、深圳的城市全景街景图像进行语义分割,并结合细粒度数据量化USGGS,使用Robust回归模型分析USGGS与城市功能属性POI的关系。研究显示,天津的USGGS主要由单乔木和乔-灌结构组成,与商业属性和生活属性的POI紧密相关;而杭州和深圳则展现出包括草本植物在内的多样化USGGS与休闲文化设施的POI更强的关联性。通过对3个城市USGGS的量化、分析与比较,为城市绿色基础设施规划和管理奠定了一定的数据基础,同时基于城市街景图像对USGGS的分析也为城市碳汇计算与城市热环境研究提供了新的视角。

传统村落民居建筑空间研究——以杭州富阳龙门古镇为例

在乡村振兴战略的大背景下,传统村落作为文化遗产和人类居住历史的重要组成部分,在更新保护过程中面临着严峻的挑战。基于建筑类型学方法以传统民居建筑保存较为完整的富阳龙门古镇为研究对象,探究村落中民居建筑空间的尺度特征、空间布局和要素特征,并进行类型学归纳与分析,从资源禀赋、空间形态、空间形象、功能需求四个方面提出针对古镇民居建筑空间的保护更新策略,以促进传统村落可持续发展。

基于街景分析技术的滨江路空间品质研究——以重庆三代滨江路为例

滨江路是滨江城市中极具特征性的线性空间,但针对其特殊的地理环境条件,在特征性指标体系建构及量化评价等方面还有待拓展。结合滨江路环境要素分析构建特征性指标体系,运用基于语义分割的街景分析技术,对重庆市不同时期的3代滨江路展开特征总结与问题剖析。结果表明:1)在指标体系研究方面,应依据不同研究对象和研究目的,有针对性地选取指标;2)在个案层面,由于道路功能的综合提升及城市地形限制的减弱,使新一代滨江路空间品质显著提高;3)跨江立体交通节点对滨江路空间品质影响较大。利用街景技术建立滨江路空间品质评价指标体系,所得结论可为其品质提升提供科学依据。

地景空间视角下南阳古镇营建智慧研究

南阳古镇是山东省具有代表性的岛屿型运河聚落,在大运河国家文化公园建设推进下,南阳古镇传统地景空间的文脉传承、保护发展具有重大意义。通过梳理古籍舆图阐述南阳古镇历史沿革,从区域环境、聚落形态、阡陌交通、景观节点四方面切入,系统概括了南阳古镇地景空间构成及其表征,进一步揭示了运河水利影响下治水、营城及生活的营建智慧,以期为大运河山东段运河聚落建设及运河文化传承提供一定的理论基础。

Settlement Spatial Analysis of Buildings in New Countryside in Heshun Ancient Town

In the research, structure and characters of settlement were analyzed in Heshun Ancient Town in Yunnan Province. It is surveyed that growth mechanism of Heshun Ancient Town involves positive and negative effects simultaneously. Positive effect refers to integrity of boundary of Ancient Town and good inheritance of newly- developed public buildings. In contrast, negative effect refers to simplification and shortage of characteristics of newly-developed individual dwelling. With sustainable development, it would be wise for construction of Heshun new countryside to optimize diversified construction symbols.

空间句法视角下的犍为清溪古镇街巷空间结构分析

乐山市犍为清溪古镇位于西南丝绸之路重要支线——“沐源川道”上,古时是重要的驿站古镇。而古镇的街巷空间结构作为其“骨架”,具有特殊的地域文化与自然地理特征,同时承载着重要的历史信息。文章以犍为清溪古镇为例,通过运用空间句法量化方法对古镇的街巷空间进行量化分析,对古镇的规划建设提出参考建议。

Spatial Analysis of Settlement Landscapes in Ancient Xianshi Town, Zigong City of Sichuan Province

Organization forms, components, spatial scales and configuration principles of settlement landscapes in ancient Xianshi Town, Zigong City of Sichuan Province were investigated and analyzed. Specifically, overall layout and organization forms were elaborated; spatial components of settlement landscapes were discussed from the perspectives of exterior open landscape space, interior enclosed landscape space, and transitional landscape space; factors influencing the scale of streets, lanes and buildings were introduced, spatial scales of major streets and buildings in the town were calculated; and finally configuration principles of settlement landscapes in the town were proposed from the perspectives of rhythm and sense, symmetry and balance, diversity and unification. And it was concluded that settlement landscapes in ancient Xianshi Town have achieved the harmony between human and nature in terms of both organization of overall spaces and design of partial spaces.

基于空间句法的罗城古镇街巷空间结构解读

本文基于空间句法理论,完善罗城古镇街巷空间的量化研究。选取关键性指标,对古镇的街巷空间结构进行解读。结果显示:1.船型街是罗城古镇的线状空间组构核心,以船型街为代表的主街空间活力高,街道功能属性多元,反映其场所记忆;2.历史文化节点多围绕船型街进行布置,反映了古镇历史、经济、文化活动的状况;3.罗城古镇的空间组织和生长逻辑受商业活动的影响重大,二者相互促进,形成如今的空间格局。最后,文章提出了保持风貌、再现场景的旅游开发策略。

基于分形理论的赤水河中下游传统古镇街巷空间地界面形态研究

随着城镇化进程的推进,传统古镇日趋衰落,如何保护和延续其独特的街巷空间形态已引起广泛关注。地界面作为构成传统古镇整体形态肌理的“骨架”,记录了古镇的历史发展、文化传承以及居民的生活记忆。然而,经过长期的局部更新,古镇街巷空间地界面的尺度失去了控制,致使街巷空间形态的识别率逐渐降低。鉴于传统古镇街巷空间的复杂性和地域性,文章基于分形理论的方法,结合数理统计学对古镇街巷空间地界面的形态特征和演变规律进行量化解析,研究所得的分析结果和量化指标可为传统古镇街巷空间地界面形态的保护提供数据支撑和判断依据。

县级以下公共图书馆的发展现状及对策研究——基于中山市镇、村的调研分析

县级以下公共图书馆以乡(镇街)、村(社区)两级公共图书馆为主,它们往往是县级馆的基层分馆,是公共图书馆服务体系的“神经末梢”,其发展程度影响公共图书馆服务体系的服务效能。文章通过实地调研中山市具有代表性的2个镇街图书馆和2个村图书室,同时结合文献调研、网络调研,发现我国县级以下公共图书馆发展成效显著,但村图书室仍是公共图书馆服务网络的薄弱环节,社会力量加入公共文化服务也给管理者带来新的挑战。对此,提出要通过政府优化顶层设计,分类推进公共图书馆基层分馆(服务点)建设;公共图书馆要加快智慧图书馆建设,丰富公共文化供给;建立以各级政府公共财政投入为主、社会投入为辅的多元投入渠道,完善经费保障体制。

皖北明清老街建筑艺术空间及其重构设计策略

皖北地区明清老街文化建筑,作为重要的历史文化遗产,承载着人们对历史的记忆,体现出一个区域的文脉。老街建筑的保护与更新改造是皖北城市旅游和地区文化可持续发展的重要保障。以亳州明清老街改造为例,研究亳州明清老街建筑文化及其存在的一些问题,分析明清老街建筑艺术形态空间特征,通过多元空间重构方式来改造和更新设计,为皖北老街文化建筑保护与更新提供一些思考与启示,从而实现明清老街文化建筑的设计更新和文脉延续。

日常生活视角下小城镇街道空间更新设计策略研究——以枝江市董市镇为例

文章通过反思目前小城镇街道空间存在的问题,基于日常生活视角,对小城镇街道空间的更新设计进行探讨。以枝江市董市镇街道空间作为研究对象,从日常生活视角的空间、主体、事件三要素出发,立足于董市镇街道的街道空间现状问题、街道使用主体及其日常活动需求,提出基于小城镇居民日常生活需求的街道空间更新设计策略。

PCI总线空间配置原理及具体实现

PCI总线属于处理器系统的局部总线范畴,作为系统总线的延伸,PCI总线的主要目的是为了连接处理器与外部设备。自从PCI总线规范提出以后,迅速得到了广大厂商的认可与推广,进而在处理器体系结构中始终占据着重要的位置。从软件使用的角度来看,PCI总线的空间配置属于一项重要内容。通过分析PCI总线空间配置的基本原理,并且结合PPC处理器架构下PCI设备空间配置的具体要求,详细介绍了软件使用层面的PCI配置原理及技术实现细节,并且给出了相关的示例代码。

街道植物空间对步行愉悦度的影响

【目的】在建设城市健康街道的背景下,街道植物空间环境及其对步行质量的影响规律问题值得关注。【方法】选取武汉市9个街道植物空间样本,通过构建街道植物空间形态与步行愉悦度的特征评价体系,运用逐步回归分析、随机森林法等探索两者之间的影响规律。【结果】研究发现:1)街道植物空间形态评价体系分为尺度特征(面积、高宽比)、形状特征(形状系数)、界面特征(侧面Ⅰ通视率、侧面Ⅱ通视率、顶面通视率、绿视率);2)步行愉悦度评价体系包括满意度(0.2537)、放松度(0.2379)、舒适度(0.2144)、安全感(0.1629)、吸引力(0.1311);3)街道植物空间形态特征对步行愉悦度的影响因子包括绿视率、顶面通视率、面积、形状系数、高宽比、侧面Ⅰ通视率,影响权重分别为0.2885、0.2388、0.1841、0.1642、0.0995、0.0249。【结论】基于相关研究成果、调查分析结果等,提出以人性化理念为主导的基于步行愉悦度的大城市街道植物空间评价体系。同时,提出了4点街道植物空间的优化设计策略:1)选用植物要素构建或分隔街道空间,并控制乔木株距;2)控制街道植物空间的绿视率;3)重视街道植物空间边界形状的复杂度与丰富度;4)控制街道植物空间的高宽比。

城郊水库型水利风景区生态旅游适宜性及景观格局研究——以四川省仙海国家水利风景区为例

为促进中国西部地区城郊水库型水利风景区生态旅游的繁荣与进步,基于实地踏勘、AHP法与3S技术等,以四川省第一家国家级水利风景区——绵阳市仙海水利风景区为研究载体,从地形、环境、资源、旅游4个维度选取实用、创新型指标,构建一套适合城郊水库型水利风景区的生态旅游适宜性评价体系。利用Arc GIS 10.2与Fragststa 4.2综合评判仙海水利风景区的生态旅游环境与景观格局,最后分别从生态保育与旅游功能角度提出优化建议。结果表明:景观格局指数结果对生态旅游适宜性分区具有补充说明作用,仙海水利风景区的整体景观聚集性较高,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级适宜区占64.18%,适合开展复合型生态旅游产业;Ⅳ、Ⅴ级适宜区的主要优势斑块为水域,应以生态保育为主。针对城郊水库型水利风景区的规划应注重生态与旅游齐头并进,以期实现生态经济效益与景观资源利用率最大化。