Construction of the Genealogy of Eccentric Monks Based on the Historical Materials of Chan Buddhism in the Song Dynasty--From Enlightened Masters in Chan Buddhism,Sages,to Saints

Regarding the Chan Buddhism lamp records from the Song Dynasty and starting from Jing De Zhuan Deng Lu,the category of“enlightened masters in Chan Buddhism”禪門達者was listed separately,meaning a separate category was established for eccentric monks who pretended to be crazy,had unknown inheritance and miraculous deeds,and were difficult to classify.The following lamp records named this category of eccentric monks as“sages”散聖,or“saints”應化聖賢,which constructed another historical genealogy for the special Chan Buddhism eccentric monks.Moreover,the early lamp records included mostly idiosyncratic mad monks from previous dynasties.Since the Southern Song Dynasty,Chan Buddhism historical materials included many sages from the current dynasty.Therefore,this study mainly examines how the genealogy of Chan Buddhism eccentric monks was constructed in Song Dynasty Chan Buddhism lamp records,including quotations,and organizes the images of eccentric monks in the Song Dynasty,as written in Chan Buddhism historical materials,in order that the meaning of existence of these enlightened masters,sages,saints,etc.,included in the genealogy of Song Dynasty eccentric monks in the history of Chan Buddhism can be reflected.

Garden Features in Tang Dynasty and Urban Planning and Construction of Xi'an City

By taking gardens in Tang Dynasty which play an important historical role in Chinese garden development history as case study,garden features in Tang Dynasty had been described from the aspects of cultural,ecological and planning characteristics,so as to explore the development trace of Tang garden culture,based on which relevant problems in urban planning and construction of Xi'an were discussed;and some countermeasures and suggestions on cultural,ecological and planning construction in the preservation of this ancient city were put forward.

Structural Carpentry in Qing Dynasty-A Framework for the Hierarchically Modularized Chinese Timber Structural Design

This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.

相控阵用TR模块的健康管理

为满足相控阵雷达收发模块(TR模块)全生命周期健康管理的需求,本文设计了一种新型健康管理方式。通过对TR模块故障检测需求进行详细分析,确定故障检测内容和响应方案,并提出设计方案、系统框图及具有针对性的检测电路。试验表明:该健康管理方式的故障定位可覆盖TR模块的6种主要故障,满足TR模块健康管理需求,且设计的样机具有较高的工业应用价值。

水吸收剂量国际校准协议TRS-398^(V7)使用指南

为满足外照射治疗束水吸收剂量校准需求,结合国际原子能机构(IAEA)2024年发布的TRS-398的第7版内容,给出优化的水吸收剂量校准流程及建议。在参考测量条件方面,给出多种外照射治疗束测量注意事项及电离室适用范围;在电离室测量方面,给出各个修正项的测量方法及射线质转换因子表;在校准不确定度方面,比较更新前后各个影响量的变化。结果表明:采用IBA FC65-G电离室校准高能光子束、高能电子束、质子束和轻离子束水吸收剂量值较早期版本的相对偏差依次为-0.4%、0.5%、-1.7%和-1.3%,相对标准不确定度依次为1.0%、1.1%、1.7%和2.6%。本指南结合国内放疗剂量校准水平和实践给出TRS-398优化的校准实践,以便高效准确地开展绝对剂量校准工作。

基于TRS前端框架技术的信息模板设计方法浅析

在当今互联网海量信息时代,信息平台运作需要具备高效的内容创作、内容交付和团队协作能力,TRS海云集约化智能门户系统提供了一套强大的站点建立与管理工具,同时能够实现必要的权限控制和流程控制,确保系统的安全。TRS WCM内容管理系统借助页面模板和置标技术提供灵活且低门槛的互联网信息部署能力,用户只需通过设计好的Web信息模板,即可快速发布和管理网站内容。

以Tröger碱大环为例分析多手性中心大环的立体异构体

立体异构现象是有机化学中重要的异构现象之一,具有重要的研究和教学意义。本文将以Tröger碱单元构筑的超分子大环为例,结合实验结果,探讨具有多手性中心大环的立体异构体。

Construction of the Sense of Belonging of Place Spirit in the Renovation of Historical Blocks: A Case Study of Ancient Town Street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Hekou, Qianshan

The renovation of historical blocks often stays at the material level of buildings, ignoring the deeper spiritual level, which can not arouse people’s sense of belonging to the city memory. Based on the protection of local Qianshan area culture, taking Hekou ancient town street of Ming and Qing Dynasty as an example, with the construction of place spirit and sense of belonging as the primary goal, and combining the history and culture of the city, the current situation of the streets and the characteristics of the buildings, this paper put forward the relevant renovation measures to provide a kind of thinking for the refined and rational renovation of the blocks in the future.

Ritual Traditions of the Three Dynasties and the Continuity of the Chinese Civilization

The rule of rites was the fundamental pattern of the governance in the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties(i.e.the Three Dynasties).As a complex system of political and cultural practices with political,religious and moral attributes,rites legitimately and structurally underpinned the royal regime,therefore ensuring regime stability,integrating social relations,and enhancing recognition of cultural and political identities.Ritual traditions of the Three Dynasties went beyond extrinsic rites and institutions to include intrinsic spiritual traditions,e.g.divinity of the Heaven,conformity with ancestral heritage,and derivative moral values such as the pursuit of ethics and rewards for benevolence.Also included were the sense of blood relationships,the sense of clanship,the sense of ethics and the sense of filial piety and fraternal duty based on ancestral worship.Through the enlightenment of ritual music,the sense of rites was internalized as the collective value and cultural identity of the members of a society.Therefore,early nations that were founded upon rites functioned as a community of politics,culture and morality.Rites,having been internalized as cultural elements of the Chinese people,shaped the ways of thinking and behavior.It is fair to say that rites have served as the fundamental bedrock for the continuity of the Chinese civilization.

Overview of the plague in the late Ming Dynasty and its prevention and control measures

The plague of the late Ming Dynasty(15511644 C.E.)was long lasting,affected a wide range of the population,and had serious consequences.The purpose of this study is to review the medical system in place at the time and the measures instituted to prevent and control the plague during the late Ming Dynasty.Information on the history of the Ming Dynasty(13681644 C.E.),local chronicles,and related research literature were consulted and analyzed in terms of duration,geographical area,and other dimensions of the epidemic.Because of the abnormal climate,wide range of natural disasters,and the impact of war,the epidemic spread over a wide area during the late Ming Dynasty.The government’s epidemic prevention measures were affected by war and other factors,resulting in poor control of the outbreak.However,in terms of the medical system in place during the Ming Dynasty,some of the thinking and methods of prevention and control of the plague were historical and progressive.Some outstanding physicians such as Wu Youke(15821652 C.E.)appeared during this period.His theory of plague prevention and control had a profound influence on the formation and development of pestilence deterrence in later generations.In the late Ming Dynasty,rich experiences and measures of prevention and control were accumulated in the struggle against the plague.These methods and experiences also have a significant,positive guiding influence on the prevention and control of plague in the present day.

Medicine Referred in Poetries in Tang Dynasty In the Case of Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi

Poetry is an important part of traditional culture, which reached the zenith in Tang dynasty. Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are famous poets, and there are much about medicine in their works, such as disease, pathogeny, herbs and life cultivation. Some poets described their feelings about getting sick in their poetries, which showed their psychologic status, social conditions and helped us to learn the development of medicine.

The History of the Former Han Dynasty:A Critical Translation with Annotations Translated by Homer Hasenpflug Dubs

Translation is an important medium of cultural communication.It is not a mere transfer of two languages,but the interaction of two cultures.Cultural misreading,which results from cultural discrepancy and translator’s subjectivity,truly reflects where the blockade and conflict in the cultural communication is.Cultural misreading is an objective phenomenon that exists in the entire process of translation.This paper intends to make a comprehensive analysis and discussion on The History of the Former Han Dynasty:a Critical Translation with Annotations translated by Homer Hasenpflug Dubs.As for the reasons of cultural misreading,this paper divides them into three types—language,thinking habit,traditional culture.It is to be hoped that this paper will draw more attention from the translation circle to the phenomena,and make contribution to the development of literary translation.

Tributary Medicine System of the Qing Dynasty: A Preliminary Study

Medicine was one of the articles of tribute paid by other countries and kingdoms to the imperial court of the Qing dynasty(1644–1912).The act of paying tributes and the rituals associated with it enhanced communication and helped establish relationships between ancient China and other nations or territories.The imperial court was generous in return,which attracted many countries to pay tributes.This paper analyzes how medicines as tributes played an important role in consolidating the dominant status of ancient China,and in promoting the exchange of knowledge between Chinese and Western medicine.

The Silk Road:Boosting the Textile Industry in Tang Dynasty

At the height of the Tang Dynasty,trading on the Silk Road reached its peak,which brought opportunities for the development of the textile industry.The Silk Road broadened the domestic and foreign textiles market,influenced Han people’s aesthetic and consumption concepts,and promoted textile trading.The Silk Road expanded the categories of textile products and promoted trading and innovation.It facilitated the exchange of textile technology and formed a virtuous cycle of“export-development overseas-import”.The development of the textile industry relied on both traditional technology and foreign technology,which was reflected in the achievements in printing,dyeing,and brocade,and laid a superb technical foundation for the development of the textile industry later.

Cultural Treasures from the Tang Dynasty

Li Yuan,a military governor during the declining years of the Sui Dynasty,captured the imperial capital Chang’an and established the Tang Dynasty in 618.After his son Em­peror Taizong(598-649)ascended to the throne,he implemented a series of measures to consolidate the unity of the country,resulting in the economic recovery of the country as well as the increased military strength.

Cultural Treasures from the Song Dynasty

THE Song Dynasty was an important period in Chinese history.Founded in the year 960,it lasted for 320years and established its capital first in Kaifeng and then Hangzhou successively.Traditionally,the period of the Song Dynasty which had its capital in Kaifeng (today’s Kaifeng City in Henan Province) before the year 1127 was called the Northern Song,and the period of the dynasty that moved its capital to Linan (today’s Hangzhou City in Zhejiang Province)after the year 1127 was called the Southern Song.

Cultural Treasures of the Sui Dynasty

After the Sui Dynasty was founded on the basis of the Northern Zhou's(557-581) unification of the North,it went on to unify the whole country.Though the Sui Dynasty lasted only 37 years from its founding in 581 to its demise in 618,it was an important period linking the past and the future,especially in terms of politics and economy.

Looking up Prescriptions to Treat Infectious Disease:Anti-epidemic Books of Medical Formularies and Epidemic Prevention and Control in the Qing Dynasty

Copying,compiling,publishing,disseminating,and referencing anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were common activities during the outbreak of epidemics in the Qing dynasty.Its emergence,motivated by epidemic disease again and again,was important component parts of epidemic prevention and control.They played a unique role as media on affairs such as treating patients suffering from infectious diseases,mobilizing peoples to make contributions to anti-epidemic activities,integrating and popularizing knowledge of epidemic prevention.Anti-epidemic books of medical formularies were important to link peoples,things,and substances related with epidemic prevention and control,and were a kind of motivation to actively deal with the infectious disease,control the epidemic,and maintain health.Compared to other common measures,anti-epidemic books of medical formularies participated in many prevention and control practices deeply,which actually built a low cost,spontaneous,dispersed and non-institutional system to respond to epidemic,and the system had characteristics of stronger conductibility,bigger coverage area,and better external benefits.

Notes on the Semantic Clash Caused by Individual Background, a Survey on Translation Materials in Qing Dynasty

Influenced by translator＇s individual background, semantic clash is inevitable during the process of code-switching from source language to target language. This re-correspondence in semantic level has been well-shown not only in the translation of literature works, but in those of dictionary and glossary translations as well. Semantic clash, generally, is based on two main factors, one is the inherent difference between languages lying in typology features, the other is the social and culture diversity factors lying in the translator＇s personal background. According to actual translation works, social and culture factors of individual background take the dominant position unconsciously over other features in the process of code-switching. The present paper, branches the latter factor into certain categories, by analyzing bilingual dictionaries and glossaries cases in the 18th century, Qing Dynasty, and indicates that the conceptual lagging, religion beliefs, living environment and political stand embedded in individual background will somehow result in semantic clash, which will lead the relevant research to pay more attention on cross-cultural literature translation.

On the legal systems of the overseas trade in the Song Dynasty

The golden period of the development of China＇s overseas trades is most significant in the Song Dynasty, which established the legal mechanisms of the overseas trades with the perfect systems. These legal regulations made clear the subjects of the overseas trade to a large extent, stipulated the procedures for the overseas trade, and at the same time, established the related legal liabilities and regulation means and methods of the governments. Although it met the huge demands of the development of the foreign trade, and had brought the economic income for the governments, yet because the governments had adopted the strict control measures, to a certain extent, it also restricted the rapid development of the foreign trade. This paper starts from the analysis of the legal subjects of the overseas trade in the Song Dynasty, and conducted the specific analysis of the trade procedures and other related contents of the legal systems of the overseas trade in the Song Dynasty.