A Loss-model-based Efficiency Optimization Control Method for Induction Traction System of High-speed Train under Emergency Self-propelled Mode

Increasing attention has been paid to the efficiency improvement of the induction traction system of high-speed trains due to the high demand for energy saving. In emergency self-propelled mode, however, the dc-link voltage and the traction power of the motor are significantly reduced, resulting in decreased traction efficiency due to the low load and low speed operations. Aiming to tackle this problem, a novel efficiency improved control method is introduced to the emergency mode of high-speed train traction system in this paper. In the proposed method, a total loss model of induction motor considering the behaviors of both iron and copper loss is established. An improved iterative algorithm with decreased computational burden is then introduced, resulting in a fast solving of the optimal flux reference for loss minimization at each control period. In addition, considering the parameter variation problem due to the low load and low speed operations, a parameter estimation method is integrated to improve the controller's robustness. The effectiveness of the proposed method on efficiency improvement at low voltage and low load conditions is demonstrated by simulated and experimental results.

Algorithm for Calculating Torque Base in Vehicle Traction Control System

Existing research on the traction control system（TCS） mainly focuses on control methods, such as the PID control, fuzzy logic control, etc, aiming at achieving an ideal slip rate of the drive wheel over long control periods. The initial output of the TCS （referred to as the torque base in this paper）, which has a great impact on the driving performance of the vehicle in early cycles, remains to be investigated. In order to improve the control performance of the TCS in the first several cycles, an algorithm is proposed to determine the torque base. First, torque bases are calculated by two different methods, one based on states judgment and the other based on the vehicle dynamics. The confidence level of the torque base calculated based on the vehicle dynamics is also obtained. The final torque base is then determined based on the two torque bases and the confidence level. Hardware-in-the-loop（HIL） simulation and vehicle tests emulating sudden start on low friction roads have been conducted to verify the proposed algorithm. The control performance of a PID-controlled TCS with and without the proposed torque base algorithm is compared, showing that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of the TCS over the first several cycles and enhances about 5% vehicle speed by contrast. The proposed research provides a more proper initial value for TCS control, and improves the performance of the first several control cycles of the TCS.

Wide speed range for traction motor in braking force of electric braking control system

A vehicle stopping method using an electric brake until a traction motor is stopped is studied. At the moment of vehicle stop, electric brake is changed to control mode where torque is reduced at a low speed. Gradient is controlled by estimating the load torque of motor, thereby traction motor is not rotated after stop. In addition, coasting operation and brake test are performed from normal-opposite operation and start using a small-scale model comprising the inertial load equipment and the power converter. Further, traction motor is made to be equipped with a suspension torque. Pure electric braking that makes traction motor stop by an air brake at the time of stop is also implemented. Constant torque range and constant power range are expanded during braking so that braking force is secured with the electric brakes even in high speed region. Therefore, vehicle reduction effect can be expected by reducing parts related with an air brake which is not used frequently by using a pure electric brake in the M car in wide speed region. Further, maintenance of brake system can be reduced. Besides, ride comfort of passenger in the electric rail car, energy efficiency improvement, and noise reduction effect can be additionally expected. Further, an improved brake method that uses only an electric brake till motor stop is proposed by comparing those in the blending brake that uses an air brake while reducing brake torque at vehicle stop.

Generalized autoencoder-based fault detection method for traction systems with performance degradation

Fault diagnosis of traction systems is important for the safety operation of high-speed trains.Long-term operation of the trains will degrade the performance of systems,which decreases the fault detection accuracy.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a fault detection method developed by a Generalized Autoencoder(GAE)for systems with performance degradation.The advantage of this method is that it can accurately detect faults when the traction system of high-speed trains is affected by performance degradation.Regardless of the probability distribution,it can handle any data,and the GAE has extremely high sensitivity in anomaly detection.Finally,the effectiveness of this method is verified through the Traction Drive Control System(TDCS)platform.At different performance degradation levels,our method’s experimental results are superior to traditional methods.

Study of Traction Motor Feedback Testing SystemControlled by Microcomputer

this paper describes the design of a feedback testing system for locomtive tractionmotor. The structures and features of the software and hardware of themicrocomputer control system have been studied. This testing system hasalready been put into operation successfully in several locomotive depots inChina.

New generation traction power supply system and its key technologies for electrified railways

Unlike the traditional traction power supply system which enables the electrified railway traction sub- station to be connected to power grid in a way of phase rotation, a new generation traction power supply system without phase splits is proposed in this paper. Three key techniques used in this system have been discussed. First, a combined co-phase traction power supply system is applied at traction substations for compensating negative sequence current and eliminating phase splits at exits of substations; design method and procedure for this system are presented. Second, a new bilateral traction power supply technology is proposed to eliminate the phase split at section post and reduce the influence of equalizing current on the power grid. Meanwhile, power factor should be adjusted to ensure a proper voltage level of the traction network. Third, a seg- mental power supply technology of traction network is used to divide the power supply arms into several segments, and the synchronous measurement and control technology is applied to diagnose faults and their locations quickly and accurately. Thus, the fault impact can be limited to a min- imum degree. In addition, the economy and reliability of the new generation traction power supply system are analyzed.

A novel anti-slip control approach for railway vehicles with traction based on adhesion estimation with swarm intelligence

Anti-slip control systems are essential for railway vehicle systems with traction.In order to propose an effective anti-slip control system,adhesion information between wheel and rail can be useful.However,direct measurement or observation of adhesion condition for a railway vehicle in operation is quite demanding.Therefore,a proportional–integral controller,which operates simultaneously with a recently proposed swarm intelligencebased adhesion estimation algorithm,is proposed in this study.This approach provides determination of the adhesion optimum on the adhesion-slip curve so that a reference slip value for the controller can be determined according to the adhesion conditions between wheel and rail.To validate the methodology,a tram wheel test stand with an independently rotating wheel,which is a model of some low floor trams produced in Czechia,is considered.Results reveal that this new approach is more effective than a conventional controller without adhesion condition estimation.

The Design and Realization of Network Remote Control Based on Embedded Systems

In order to achieve remote control problems for the intelligent home appliances, The paper presents a realization method through the Internet and GSM remote to control appliances of smart home, and given circuit. And described in detail the hardware and software design of smart home appliances and their control method. Test results show that the system is stable and reliable.

四驱电动赛车TCS滑模预测控制系统设计与实现

针对四驱电动方程式赛车在不同路面工况下过度打滑的问题,设计了一种结合卡尔曼滤波车速估计和滑模控制的牵引力控制系统,以提高整车直线加速性能、减小车轮打滑以保证稳定性和快速加速中的安全性;控制器以车轮滑转率为控制变量,通过调整各驱动轮输出扭矩,以保证滑转率控制在最优范围内;考虑获取准确车速是得到最优滑转率的前提,设计卡尔曼滤波器,实现车速估计;针对滑模控制自身存在的抖振问题,采用改进的指数趋近律,提高稳定性;利用Matlab/Simulink和CARSIM联合仿真,验证了该控制系统的有效性;最终完成实车测试与应用,在实际应用中实现控制系统满足四驱电动方程式赛车的快速平稳加速的工程要求。

A fast power control method based on high-speed communication for the continuous co-phase traction power system

Continuous co-phase traction power system is an effective method to eliminate neutral sections and provide high quality power for both the public grid and the catenary.The substations have the ability to provide cooperative support to each other to reduce capacity and improve system reliability.A fast power control method for substations is needed due to rapid load changes and low overload capability of the system.This paper proposes a fast power control method based on high-speed communication between substations,with additional transient power control to significantly improve the dynamic response of the system.

越野汽车TCS冰雪道路试验研究

针对自主开发的越野汽车牵引力控制系统(TCS)进行了冰雪路面加速道路试验研究,完成了实际“驾驶员-车辆-道路”闭环环境下的TCS的软、硬件匹配。试验结果表明:牵引力控制系统能够有效消除驱动轮过度滑转,显著改善汽车的加速性和方向稳定性。

基于电控柴油机、TC+AMT及制动的TCS研究

针对某4×2车辆,设计了基于电控柴油机、TC+AMT及驱动轮独立制动联合控制的牵引力控制系统的方案,并提出了控制策略。建立了动力传动系统、整车等数学模型。在Matlab\Simulink环境下搭建了仿真模型,并对典型工况进行了仿真分析。结果表明所提出的牵引力控制策略能够使柴油机、TC+AMT及制动系统的控制有机结合,有效地改善车辆在弱附着路面上的起步加速能力。

集成化仿真系统在气制动TCS控制器开发中的应用

利用Simulink/xPC实时仿真软硬件环境,设计了集成化TCS仿真软硬件系统。建立了包括整车、动力传动系、制动器、轮胎、路面的动力学模型,应用离线仿真、快速原型仿真和ECU在环仿真等方法开发了气制动TCS控制器控制逻辑。经实车试验表明,系统能有效控制驱动轮的打滑趋势,提高汽车加速性能,改善发动机的工作条件。

纯电动汽车牵引力控制系统(TCS)的研究与开发

提出了一种用于纯电动汽车的牵引力系统(TCS)控制器。依据驱动防滑的控制要求,针对未开源电机,设计了TCS的软件。选择Freescale S12系列单片机(MCU)作为主控芯片。设计了单片机主电路﹑电源﹑信号调理﹑加速踏板信号及CAN(控制器局域网)总线信号采集﹑输出等硬件。根据纯电动汽车运行工况,将TCS分为起步﹑正常﹑制动﹑故障监测等4个模块,制定了控制策略。并针对4个模块,完成了功能验证性试验。结果表明:本TCS控制器工作正常,能有效地将滑转率限制在10%左右,保证了车辆安全,实现了驱动防滑的控制要求。

并联混合动力汽车起步过程TCS研究

利用电机响应速度快的特点,设计了基于电动机和发动机输出转矩控制的联合控制策略。建立了混合动力汽车起步加速过程的动力学模型,并在Matlab/Simulink平台中对车辆起步加速过程进行仿真研究。结果表明,电动机和发动机联合控制的控制策略能有效控制驱动轮的滑动率,提高车辆的起步加速性能。

基于目标控制器的四轮驱动汽车TCS道路试验

对自主开发的四轮驱动车辆牵引力控制系统(TCS)进行了冬季低附着均一路面、分离路面直行加速以及低附着均一路面转向加速3种性能控制工况的有、无TCS控制对比实车道路试验。试验结果对比表明:TCS控制系统工作可靠,控制有效,能够及时控制驱动轮的过度滑转,有效地提高了车辆驱动能力和操纵稳定性。

汽车TCS液压控制单元特性测试与控制应用

为实现汽车牵引力控制系统(TCS)中的主动液压制动控制精细调节,搭建了基于dSPACE的液压控制单元(HCU)性能测试系统,对HCU电磁阀特征参数进行了试验辨识,确定了采用脉宽调制控制(PWM)进行制动压力控制时目标压力梯度和目标占空比的映射关系。将测试分析结果应用于基于滑模控制的TCS算法,确定了基于目标压力梯度的PWM车轮制动控制逻辑,并在Matlab/Simulink和AMESim联合仿真环境下进行了仿真验证。结果表明:所设计的主动制动控制算法能以较高精度有效调节车轮滑转率,从而改善车辆行驶性能。

Design of an aircraft autonomous traction taxiing system based on hydraulic secondary control

At present,aircraft taxiing at ground airports needs to be provided with a thrust by the main engine.The taxiing process is inefficient,has high fuel consumption and serious pollution,and is prone to safety risks.In this paper,a new configuration of aircraft autonomous traction taxiing system is proposed based on the principle of hydraulic secondary control,in which a hydraulic motor drive device is installed at the front wheels of the aircraft to drive the wheels to rotate forward or backward.Based on this,autonomous taxiing can be realized without relying on the main engines,thus greatly improving airport operation efficiency.Meanwhile,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the autonomous traction taxiing process,and investigates the parameter matching design of the new configuration system.Besides,this paper develops the ground principle prototype,designs the aircraft longitudinal bonding force observer and the aircraft wheel disturbance moment observer,and proposes the speed control method of the aircraft front wheel autonomous traction taxiing by considering the ground bonding force saturation characteristics.Finally,the ground taxiing test is conducted,and the results show that the new configuration proposed in this paper presents a new solution for aircraft autonomous traction taxiing.

汽车TCS控制算法的研究

驱动力控制系统(Traction Control System,TCS)是在制动防抱死系统的基础上发展起来的一套主动安全控制系统,它根据汽车的行驶状况,通过采用适当的控制算法使汽车驱动轮在恶劣路面或复杂行驶条件下也能产生最佳的纵向驱动力,从而提高汽车的驱动性能和行驶稳定安全性能。通过对TCS控制原理的分析,明确滑转率的控制目标,结合TCS的控制方式,阐述TCS的常用控制算法,并对其进行比较,探讨TCS控制算法的选择依据和方法。

TCS工艺控制系统在自动辊缝调节中的应用

以TCS在包钢轨梁厂百米高速钢轨万能轧机自动辊缝调节中的应用为实例,介绍了TCS的组成、基本功能、通讯方式、硬件配置及软件实施方法,提出了通过对电液比例伺服阀的控制,来实现对液压缸的控制,进而通过对轧辊的控制来实现对辊缝的调节。