Explore the value and potential of traditional Chinese medicine against cancer with the methodology and practice spirit of natural science

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is a life science with original characteristics of our nation, which has its own advantages in facing modern medicine. As a clinical discipline with distinct characteristics of life medical science, oncology is a typical discipline that combines the advantages of Chinese and Western medicine. TCM has two different cultural attributes, the humanities and the natural sciences. However, when confronted with such a serious disease as cancer, the approach of natural science of TCM should be emphasized to participate in anti-cancer practice.

Translational analysis of data science and causal learning in real-world clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine

Real-world clinical evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(RWCE-TCM)is a method for comprehensively evaluating the clinical effects of TCM,with the aim of delving into the causality between TCM intervention and clinical outcomes.The study explored data science and causal learning methods to transform RWD into reliable real-world evidence,aiming to provide an innovative approach for RWCE-TCM.This study proposes a 10-step data science methodology to address the challenges posed by diverse and complex data in RWCE-TCM.The methodology involves several key steps,including data integration and warehouse building,high-dimensional feature selection,the use of interpretable statistical machine learning algorithms,complex networks,and graph network analysis,knowledge mining techniques such as natural language processing and machine learning,observational study design,and the application of artificial intelligence tools to build an intelligent engine for translational analysis.The goal is to establish a method for clinical positioning,applicable population screening,and mining the structural association of TCM characteristic therapies.In addition,the study adopts the principle of real-world research and a causal learning method for TCM clinical data.We constructed a multidimensional clinical knowledge map of“disease-syndrome-symptom-prescription-medicine”to enhance our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment laws of TCM,clarify the unique therapies,and explore information conducive to individualized treatment.The causal inference process of observational data can address confounding bias and reduce individual heterogeneity,promoting the transformation of TCM RWD into reliable clinical evidence.Intelligent data science improves efficiency and accuracy for implementing RWCE-TCM.The proposed data science methodology for TCM can handle complex data,ensure high-quality RWD acquisition and analysis,and provide in-depth insights into clinical benefits of TCM.This method supports the intelligent translation and demonstration of RWD in TCM,leads the data-driven translational analysis of causal learning,and innovates the path of RWCE-TCM.

Experience inheritance from famous specialists based on real- world clinical research paradigm of traditional Chinese medicine

The current modes of experience inheritance from famous specialists in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） include master and disciple, literature review, clinical-epidemiology-based clinical research observation, and analysis and data mining via computer and database technologies. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages. However, a scientific and instructive experience inheritance mode has not been developed. The advent of the big data era as well as the formation and practice accumulation of the TCM clinical research paradigm in the real world have provided new perspectives, techniques, and methods for inheriting experience from famous TCM specialists. Through continuous exploration and practice, the research group proposes the innovation research mode based on the real-world TCM clinical research paradigm, which involves the inheritance and innovation of the existing modes. This mode is formulated in line with its own development regularity of TCM and is expected to become the main mode of experience inheritance in the clinical field.

Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Science is the Way Forward

On behalf of the editorial team of World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine(WJTCM),we would like to convey our sincere gratitude to the great efforts of our editorial board members,referees,authors,readers and all the warmhearted supporters to contribute for the journal growth in the first year of its release in 2015.

Traditional Chinese medicine： potential approaches from modern dynamical complexity theories

Despite the widespread use of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in clinical settings, proving its effectiveness via scientific trials is still a challenge. TCM views the human body as a complex dynamical system, and focuses on the balance of the human body, both internally and with its external environment. Such fundamental concepts require investigations using system-level quantification approaches, which are beyond conventional reductionism. Only methods that quantify dynamical complexity can bring new insights into the evaluation of TCM. In a previous article, we briefly introduced the potential value of Multiscale Entropy （MSE） analysis in TCM. This article aims to explain the existing challenges in TCM quantification, to introduce the consistency of dynamical complexity theories and TCM theories, and to inspire future system-level research on health and disease.

Research hotspots and trends in Chinese minority traditional medicine during 2021:a visual bibliometrics analysis

Background:Chinese minority traditional medicine(CMTM)is an important component of Chinese traditional culture and medicine that has contributed to the health and prosperity of Chinese people of all ethnic groups.Although this type of medicine has attracted interest,its developmental trends and research status remain unclear.Therefore,we used literature metrology to evaluate the publications on CMTM during 2021 and explore hotspots and frontier areas.Methods:Reports associated with CMTM published between January 1,2021,and December 31,2021,were downloaded from the Web of Science database.The authors,institutions,countries,journals,keywords,and other standard bibliometric indicators were analyzed and visualized using CiteSpace,and research hotspots and trends were identified.Results:We retrieved 152 CMTM-related publications,among which Tibetan medicine attracted the most interest.Journals covering alternative and complementary medicine topics were the most prevalent sources of reports about CMTM,particularly the Journal of Ethnopharmacology.Most research in this field was conducted in China and frequently published by traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities.One author,Yi Zhang,has extensively investigated Tibetan and Korean medicine.The keyword co-occurrence network revealed that investigations into ethnic groups mainly focused on the pharmacological activities and phytochemical components of ethnic medicines.The keywords of gut microbiota and autophagy in some publications reflect the direction of future CMTM investigations.Conclusion:Our findings showed the current status and trends in CMTM investigations.This information will help identify new research directions and hotspots in this field.

发现驱动中医药研究的新范式

发挥中医药原创优势、推动我国生命科学实现创新突破是国家需求,但如何挖掘中医药的原创优势,还需要进一步提升思想认知,用现代科学解读中医药学原理。本文在建国以来中医药实证性研究的基础上,正本清源,传承精华,厘清中医学中未加工事实与理性推演之间的关系,发现其中的科学事实;阐幽明微,守正创新,应用现代科学技术,发现中医理论与效应的独特原创优势,从中医出发为医学与生命科学做贡献,解决生物医药“卡脖子”问题两方面,面向未来,列举例证,发现驱动中医药研究的新范式:在厘清古籍医学事实、明确中医药临床效应的基础上,深入研究中国医学中尚不能被现代医学解释的独特生物学现象和过程,以期揭示新的生理现象、阐释新的病理机制、创建新的治疗策略,更加充分地发挥中医药原创优势,推动我国生物医学实现创新突破。

以三伏贴为例探究中医药科普现状及其提升路径

[目的]以三伏贴为例,调查居民中医药科普知识现状及其影响因素,为制定中医药科普宣教策略与方法提供科学建议。[方法]采用网络调查问卷及Logistic回归分析法,研究居民对三伏贴的认知、行为、意愿及影响因素,探讨中医药科普的有效策略及方法。[结果]居民对其治病类型的认知正确率分别为支气管炎或慢性阻塞性肺疾病(22.9%)、鼻炎(21.4%)、保健和增强免疫力(19.3%);对治疗方式的认知正确率分别为医保可报销(35.0%)和每疗程用药次数(20.3%);只有7.8%居民曾有治疗体验;获取知识途径单一,主要为口口相传(26.6%)和网络(22.6%)。治病类型认知正确率的最大促进因素为基础疾病患者,其比值比(odds ratio,OR)为2.44(P<0.05);治疗方式认知正确率的促进因素有女性(OR=1.70,P<0.01)和参保人员(OR=2.41,P<0.01)。居民知识需求率为71.7%,60岁及以上老年人为100%,国内外科普宣教认同率为78.2%和80.0%。[结论]居民三伏贴科普知识及应用水平较低,但治疗意愿、知识需求及科普宣教认同率较高。建议加大特定疗法的微观宣教,以女性、基础病患者、参保居民与老年人为突破口,扩大科普宣教的受众人群,开拓多元化科普宣教路径,进行科普宣教的精准施策,从而提高居民健康素养,助力健康中国。

探讨基于核心指标集构建中医特色的射血分数保留心力衰竭1+N模式疗效评价体系

核心指标集是就某一特定研究领域达成的所有临床研究都应该测量和报告的最少的临床结局,核心指标集可以提高临床疗效评价的规范性和可比性,是循证医学发展的必然、是中医药临床疗效评价的重要抓手、是推动中医药疗效评价与国际接轨的关键。如何运用核心指标集实现临床疗效国际化、标准化的同时,又能遵循中医诊疗特点体现自身优势是中医临床疗效评价的难点。针对这一难点,项目组创新性地提出了1+N模式的射血分数保留心衰(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF)疗效评价体系,即通用的核心指标集“1”+个性化指标集“N”,以满足循证医学和中医学疗效评价的双重需求。本文初探HFpEF疗效评价构建模式,主张在规范化基础上体现多样化和个性化的研究目的需求。结合HFpEF临床疗效评价的现状,综合业内专家意见,探讨了HFpEF 1+N模式疗效评价构建中核心指标集“1”的取舍以及“N”体系的构建思路,以期最大程度的形成符合中医药特色的临床评价体系新范式,推动中医药国际化进程。

小儿推拿联合中医护理在婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复中的应用

目的 探究小儿推拿联合中医护理在婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复治疗中的临床效果。方法 选取聊城市人民医院2021年12月—2022年2月收治的68例运动发育迟缓患儿作为研究对象,随机分成对照组和试验组,各34例。对照组予常规治疗和护理,试验组在对照组基础上予小儿推拿联合中医护理干预,比较2组患儿干预前后的粗大运动发育商(GMQ)、精细运动发育商(FMQ)和总体发育商(TMQ)变化情况。结果 干预前,2组患者的GMQ、FMQ、TMQ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,试验组患者的GMQ、FMQ、TMQ评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 小儿推拿联合中医护理应用于婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复的临床效果显著,可有效提高患儿的运动发育水平,改善生活质量,值得在临床推广。

科学基金稳定支持中医药基础研究创新发展

本文聚焦科学基金在中医药基础研究创新发展中的支撑和引领作用,系统梳理了医学科学部成立以来对中医药基础研究的支持投入和领域布局,在分析问题和挑战,把握中医药研究时代机遇的基础上,论述了科学基金在中医药基础研究中发挥支撑和引导作用,并,对未来发展进行展望。

以效为标·以数为据·以调为治——论中医学的数据科学思维

中医学的本质是追求人与自然的统一和健康平衡,是人类智慧与疾病对抗并寻找和逼近健康解决方案中最优解的过程。中医学持续的生命力源于对临床疗效的追求、从大量复杂数据中寻找促进健康的证据,以及调整健康状态的干预模式。中医学的诊疗模式本身就蕴含着数据科学思维,体现了以数据驱动的决策模式,是一种天然基于数据的科学。

2022年NSFC心血管领域中、西医申请资助情况分析

系统梳理分析2022年国家自然科学基金心血管领域中、西医学面上项目、青年科学基金项目和地区科学基金项目3类常规项目的申请和资助情况、所涉及主要病种、研究热点和研究思路。结果显示,两个领域研究的主要病种相似,研究热点也基本一致。均以动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心力衰竭、高血压、继发性心肌损伤和心律失常为主,主要开展表观遗传学、外泌体、细胞焦亡或铁死亡、细胞自噬、肠道微生物群以及线粒体功能方面的研究,思路呈现多样化的特点。但西医心血管领域的病种更为广泛,还包括心脏移植等中医心血管领域不涉及的病种。在科学问题导向和研究内容方面,中医心血管领域要求在中医药理论的指导下,以解决中医学科的关键科学问题为导向,体现中医药的特色。此外,研究热点只是探索科学问题的技术手段,应深入凝练科学问题,避免盲目追求结合研究热点反而缺乏了创新性思想和科学依据,鼓励原创性基础研究。

高等中医药院校西医内科学教学的创新探索

在高等中医药院校中医专业的学习中,西医内科学亦为重要的临床专业课程之一,但西医内科学教学面临与中医课程交叉、课时压缩、学生基础薄弱等相应问题,增加了该课程的学习难度。随着现代社会对医学人才的要求不断提高,中医药院校的临床专业学生也必须掌握西医的理论基础和临床疾病。为了贯彻国家“新医科”建设,提高中医专业西医内科学教学水平,提升本科生分析及解决临床问题的能力,笔者所在教研室总结出内科专业主讲教师+教学秘书责任制、现代化教学手段+问题/病例切入式教学、充分利用现代网络和床旁教学等不同教学模式,在实际运用中取得了很好的教学效果,得到授课教师和学生的广泛认可。文章就相关教学经验进行总结,以期为中医药院校本科生的西医内科学教学提供一定的有益建议,提高本科生的西医内科学教学水平。

中医药防治射血分数保留心力衰竭的研究范式思考

射血分数保留的心力衰竭(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)发病率逐年递增,患病人数庞大,如何发挥中医药防治HFpEF优势、提升中医药防治HFpEF能力成为关键。针对HFpEF自身发病特点和目前存在的问题,本文对中医药防治HFpEF的研究范式进行了探讨:(1)建立HFpEF病名、诊断、疗效评价于一体的标准化体系,从顶层设计确保研究的可比性,促进中医药研究走向国际化;(2)立足于规模化群防群治,在病证结合思路指导下分疾病阶段、抓核心病机形成核心方进行序贯治疗,在规模化防治中总结和提升疗效;(3)多学科交叉合作,对不同亚型的HFpEF诊治方案和临床转归做出精准决策;(4)在健康中国战略思维指导下,着眼长期可持续性发展,从“以预防为主,防治结合,中西医并重”的治疗理念逐渐发展到“以健康为中心”的治未病理念,从治疗HFpEF到关注HFpEF患者,再到从全局关注全生命周期的健康逐步转变。

针灸专业学术型研究生培养之问题及策略

针灸是中医走向世界的先行官。随着中医的认可度越来越高,国际上迫切需要大量针灸学专业的高端人才。我国医学研究生分为学术型和专业型。专业型研究生教育与住院医师规范化培训并轨,四证合一的模式使其成为众多医学生的首要选择;针灸学专业学术型研究生的培养模式尚不成熟且无统一标准,严重影响学生报考的积极性和针灸科研学术的未来发展。如何使针灸学专业学术型研究生提高创新能力,成为当下亟待解决的重要问题。文章就学术型研究生培养中遇到的问题进行商榷,旨在为针灸学专业学术型研究生培养提供一些对策,从而提升针灸学专业学术型研究生科研、教学以及临床等方面的能力。

中草药栽培与鉴定专业实践教学体系优化研究

本文从师资力量、教学平台、教学体系和教学考核4个方面为切入点,研究了中草药栽培与鉴定专业实践教学模式现状。提出提升师资力量,打造教学平台,构建教学体系,以及建立考核评价机制等优化措施,并探索构建凸显中药特色“一核心、两阶段、三单元、四确保”的实践教学体系,阐述其体系优化改革的实践与思考。以全方位、多角度促进学生综合素质的提高,为中医药发展培养高素质复合型中药农业人才奠定基础。

岭南乡村居民中医药文化认知需求现状问题与对策——基于广州市从化区江埔街道科普调研的思考

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记高度重视中医药发展,党中央把中医药发展上升为国家战略。岭南乡村作为中医药文化根植的沃土,也是新时代背景下反映农村居民在中医药文化背景、认知、情感、行为方面现状与问题的缩影。为全面了解当前中医药文化认知需求现状,发掘其面临的突出问题与成因,提升中医药基层科普的活力与发展前景,该项目组通过现场问卷调查、知识竞赛、深度访谈,对岭南地区的中医药文化乡村传承发展现状进行了深入的调查。结果显示,乡村居民对中医药文化的认知度较低,而需求度较高。文章针对上述问题,提出因人、因地、因时制宜的对策与建议。

以培养动手能力为主的针灸学教学方法探讨

通过以培养临床本科生动手实践能力为主的针灸学教学方法,让学生更好地掌握中医针灸理论知识及操作技术,为加强以后中西医之间的交流及合作打好基础。该教学模式通过在临床实习过程中让学生模拟、代入医生角色,展开针灸诊断及治疗操作,激发了学生强烈的学习兴趣,培养了临床学生从不主动学习针灸知识转向主动学习的能力,同时增强了学生的责任心及使命感,达到了培养其独立自主创新学习能力的目的,取得了较好的教学效果,也为以后中西临床诊疗合作打下基础。

融合STEAM与PBL的中药生物技术课程教学改革探索与实践

为适应新医科对中药专业人才培养的新要求,本文对中药生物技术课程教学现状进行分析,提出了融合STEAM教育理念和PBL教学模式的教学改革措施。通过课前、课中和课后3个阶段,对该教学模式进行改革与实践,并对其实施效果与评价进行研究。通过该教学模式,学生的学习兴趣得到提高,创新思维和实践能力得到锻炼,有助于培养中药学复合型创新专业人才,满足中药产业发展的新需求。