At the beginning of the initial cholera outbreak in China,Wang Qingren(王清任),after years of clinical trials,became an early representative who discovered the infectious characteristics and observed the course of cho...At the beginning of the initial cholera outbreak in China,Wang Qingren(王清任),after years of clinical trials,became an early representative who discovered the infectious characteristics and observed the course of cholera in the field of traditional Chinesse medicine(TCM).Kou Langao(寇兰皋)and Xu Zimo(徐子默),both medical practitioners,constructed a diagnosis and treatment system for cholera with cold patterns under the theory of typhoid.They represented“School of Cholera with Cold Patterns”(SCCP).In the 1860s,with the influence of Wang Shixiong’s(王士雄)studies on the nature of cholera under the theory of epidemic febrile disease,the“School of Cholera with Heated Patterns”(SCHP)prevailed thereafter.The two schools complemented each other in theories and contributed to the integrity of TCM in cholera diagnosis and treatment.By reviewing previous literature,books,clinical cases,and historical materials in medical field,this article aims 1)to summarise the influence of TCM on the cognitive development towards cholera in the late Qing dynasty;2)to explore the origin of the controversy between SCCP and SCHP from historical evidence;3)to summarize the historical lessons from the debate over cholera in TCM based on the principle of treatment based on pattern identification,and offer suggestions for the current prevention and treatment of new diseases using TCM.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on damp-heat diarrhea of piglets in summer.[Method] Three prescriptions were developed with a dozen of traditional Chinese me...[Objective] The paper was to explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on damp-heat diarrhea of piglets in summer.[Method] Three prescriptions were developed with a dozen of traditional Chinese medicines,and in vitro antibacterial test against swine standard Escherichia coli [O149：K91,K88 ac（C83907）] was conducted.Moreover,106 natural cases of diarrhea piglets caused by coinfection of damp-heat and E.coli through clinical and laboratory diagnosis were then treated.[Result] The oral liquids prepared by three traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions had certain antibacterial effect on standard pathogenic E.coli.Prescription 2 presented the strongest inhibitory effects on swine E.coli in vitro,with the MIC of 31.25 mg/m L.It had better therapeutic effect,and the effective rate reached 94.74%.[Conclusion] The prescription 2 mainly consisted of Coptis chinensis and Prunus mume might be effective in treatment of piglet diarrhea caused by damp heat and E.coli in clinic.展开更多
Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,a...Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the“GHRS diagnostic scale”,collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16 SrDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Metagenome Seq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEf Se)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundancebased coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while betadistances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed nonpredominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in Metagenome Seq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.展开更多
The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction elect...The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(H-oEESI-MS)was developed for the rapid and direct analysis of extremely complex substances without the requirement for any sample pretreatment or pre-separation steps.The overall molecular profile and fragment structure features of various herbal medicines could be completely captured within 10–15 s,with minimal sample(<0.5 mg)and solvent consumption(<20μL for one sample).Furthermore,a rapid differentiation and authentication strategy for TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS was proposed,including metabolic profile characterization,characteristic marker screening and identification,and multivariate statistical analysis model validation.In an analysis of 52 batches of seven types of Aconitum medicinal materials,20 and 21 key compounds were screened out as the characteristic markers of raw and processed Aconitum herbal medicines,respectively,and the possible structures of all the characteristic markers were comprehensively identified based on Compound Discoverer databases.Finally,multivariate statistical analysis showed that all the different types of herbal medicines were well differentiated and identified(R^(2)X>0.87,R^(2)Y>0.91,and Q^(2)>0.72),which further verified the feasibility and reliability of this comprehensive strategy for the rapid authentication of different TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS.In summary,this rapid authentication strategy realized the ultra-high-throughput,low-cost,and standardized detection of various complex TCMs for the first time,thereby demonstrating wide applicability and value for the development of quality standards for TCMs.展开更多
The study on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)by the technology and method of thermal science is a new cut in point in interdisciplinary science, and its purpose is to study the tongue inspection in TCM from the view...The study on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)by the technology and method of thermal science is a new cut in point in interdisciplinary science, and its purpose is to study the tongue inspection in TCM from the view of the bio heat transfer theory. In this paper human tongues were studied with the infrared thermal imaging technology. And the characteristic relationship between temperature distribution and age, tongue color as well as infrared thermal tongue image concerning the characteristic of viscera was analyzed by the experimental data,which confirms that the change in temperature distribution in different positions of the tongue is related to the diseases of different internal organs of the body. From a series of invasive experiments in animals, the blood perfusion rate was measured with the equipment of CBI 8000 Doppler Blood Flow Meter and MP 100 Physiologic Research System for the first time and the characteristic relationship curve between the temperature on the surface of the tongue and the blood perfusion rate was obtained. From the experiments the temperature on the surface of the tongue reflects objectively the tongue color which is influenced by the blood perfusion rate. This will help to develop some new cognition in the theory of TCM.展开更多
目的探讨清热利湿方治疗糖尿病肠病疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法将48例湿热内蕴证糖尿病肠病患者按随机数字表法分观察组和对照组,每组24例;两组均口服美沙拉嗪肠溶片,观察组加予清热利湿方日2次口服治疗,统计肠炎疾病量表(inflamm...目的探讨清热利湿方治疗糖尿病肠病疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法将48例湿热内蕴证糖尿病肠病患者按随机数字表法分观察组和对照组,每组24例;两组均口服美沙拉嗪肠溶片,观察组加予清热利湿方日2次口服治疗,统计肠炎疾病量表(inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire,IBDQ)评分及相关症状体征。结果观察组与对照组IBDQ评分各分项得分治疗后均高于治疗前,但观察组分数增加较为明显,且观察组在全身症状、肠道症状、情感功能、社会功能、总分等方面得分增加均高于对照组,在全身症状改善方面尤为显著。两组在生活质量量表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)量表中生理机能(physical functioning,PF)、生理职能(role physical,RP)、活力(vitality,VT)、精神健康(mental health,MH)、整体健康(general health,GH)等方面治疗前与治疗后差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组总有效率91.67%(22/24),两组间疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组病例均耐受良好,未见明显不良反应,1年内复发率观察组低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论清热利湿方可以有效清热利湿,改善患者病情,是针对糖尿病肠病的一种有效治疗方案,可以提高湿热内蕴证糖尿病肠病患者的治疗有效率,明显提高患者的生活质量,值得临床进一步研究及推广。展开更多
目的运用网络药理学和分子对接探讨清热药作用机制。方法检索TCMSP、TCMID、NPASS数据库获取5类清热中药活性成分,检索DrugBank、NPASS数据库收集对应靶点,使用UniProt数据库规范靶点名称。使用STRING数据库构建交集靶点蛋白相互作用网...目的运用网络药理学和分子对接探讨清热药作用机制。方法检索TCMSP、TCMID、NPASS数据库获取5类清热中药活性成分,检索DrugBank、NPASS数据库收集对应靶点,使用UniProt数据库规范靶点名称。使用STRING数据库构建交集靶点蛋白相互作用网络,采用Cytoscape3.9.1软件筛选核心靶点。使用在线软件DAVID进行GO功能、KEGG通路及疾病富集分析,使用Metascape数据库分析特有靶点。使用Discovery Studio 4.5.0软件对清热药共有成分与核心靶点进行分子对接。结果获得清热泻火药活性成分297个、清热燥湿药活性成分609个、清热解毒药活性成分1196个、清热凉血药活性成分224个、清虚热药活性成分为389个,对应靶点分别为117、241、402、87和260个;获得共有活性成分7个,对应靶点196个。GO功能、KEGG通路及疾病富集分析显示,清热药可能通过调节外源代谢过程、单碳代谢过程中的代谢途径对乳腺癌和肿瘤发挥治疗作用。分子对接结果表明,清热药发挥抗肿瘤、抗乳腺癌的核心化学成分可能为棕榈酸、槲皮素、亚油酸。结论清热类中药可通过多途径发挥治疗作用,其中,清热泻火药、清热燥湿药、清热解毒药的生物过程及信号通路较为相似,均可通过调节外源代谢过程、单碳代谢过程、葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶活性的负调控、细胞葡萄糖醛酸化的负调控、雌激素代谢过程、细胞葡萄糖醛酸化中的新陈代谢类信号通路发挥治疗乳腺癌的作用。展开更多
基金This study is financed by the grants from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.23JNQMX48 and No.23JNSYS04)Major Project of the Key Research Bases of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education(No.22JJD770054).
文摘At the beginning of the initial cholera outbreak in China,Wang Qingren(王清任),after years of clinical trials,became an early representative who discovered the infectious characteristics and observed the course of cholera in the field of traditional Chinesse medicine(TCM).Kou Langao(寇兰皋)and Xu Zimo(徐子默),both medical practitioners,constructed a diagnosis and treatment system for cholera with cold patterns under the theory of typhoid.They represented“School of Cholera with Cold Patterns”(SCCP).In the 1860s,with the influence of Wang Shixiong’s(王士雄)studies on the nature of cholera under the theory of epidemic febrile disease,the“School of Cholera with Heated Patterns”(SCHP)prevailed thereafter.The two schools complemented each other in theories and contributed to the integrity of TCM in cholera diagnosis and treatment.By reviewing previous literature,books,clinical cases,and historical materials in medical field,this article aims 1)to summarise the influence of TCM on the cognitive development towards cholera in the late Qing dynasty;2)to explore the origin of the controversy between SCCP and SCHP from historical evidence;3)to summarize the historical lessons from the debate over cholera in TCM based on the principle of treatment based on pattern identification,and offer suggestions for the current prevention and treatment of new diseases using TCM.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303040-06)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine on damp-heat diarrhea of piglets in summer.[Method] Three prescriptions were developed with a dozen of traditional Chinese medicines,and in vitro antibacterial test against swine standard Escherichia coli [O149：K91,K88 ac（C83907）] was conducted.Moreover,106 natural cases of diarrhea piglets caused by coinfection of damp-heat and E.coli through clinical and laboratory diagnosis were then treated.[Result] The oral liquids prepared by three traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions had certain antibacterial effect on standard pathogenic E.coli.Prescription 2 presented the strongest inhibitory effects on swine E.coli in vitro,with the MIC of 31.25 mg/m L.It had better therapeutic effect,and the effective rate reached 94.74%.[Conclusion] The prescription 2 mainly consisted of Coptis chinensis and Prunus mume might be effective in treatment of piglet diarrhea caused by damp heat and E.coli in clinic.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373769)the Scientific Research and Postgraduate Training Co-construction Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(1000062520115)the Province Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7172131)。
文摘Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the“GHRS diagnostic scale”,collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16 SrDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Metagenome Seq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEf Se)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundancebased coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while betadistances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed nonpredominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in Metagenome Seq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by the CACMS Innovation Fund,China(Grant Nos.:CI2021A04504 and CI2021A05206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82104380,81891010,81891013,and 82074012)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,China(Grant Nos.:ZZ14-YQ-047 and ZZXT202105)the Key Project at Central Government Level(Grant No.:2060302-2201-26)the Beijing Nova Program.
文摘The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(H-oEESI-MS)was developed for the rapid and direct analysis of extremely complex substances without the requirement for any sample pretreatment or pre-separation steps.The overall molecular profile and fragment structure features of various herbal medicines could be completely captured within 10–15 s,with minimal sample(<0.5 mg)and solvent consumption(<20μL for one sample).Furthermore,a rapid differentiation and authentication strategy for TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS was proposed,including metabolic profile characterization,characteristic marker screening and identification,and multivariate statistical analysis model validation.In an analysis of 52 batches of seven types of Aconitum medicinal materials,20 and 21 key compounds were screened out as the characteristic markers of raw and processed Aconitum herbal medicines,respectively,and the possible structures of all the characteristic markers were comprehensively identified based on Compound Discoverer databases.Finally,multivariate statistical analysis showed that all the different types of herbal medicines were well differentiated and identified(R^(2)X>0.87,R^(2)Y>0.91,and Q^(2)>0.72),which further verified the feasibility and reliability of this comprehensive strategy for the rapid authentication of different TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS.In summary,this rapid authentication strategy realized the ultra-high-throughput,low-cost,and standardized detection of various complex TCMs for the first time,thereby demonstrating wide applicability and value for the development of quality standards for TCMs.
基金SupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.59976026ndTianjinNaturalScienceFoundation (No .0 0 36 0 771 1 )
文摘The study on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)by the technology and method of thermal science is a new cut in point in interdisciplinary science, and its purpose is to study the tongue inspection in TCM from the view of the bio heat transfer theory. In this paper human tongues were studied with the infrared thermal imaging technology. And the characteristic relationship between temperature distribution and age, tongue color as well as infrared thermal tongue image concerning the characteristic of viscera was analyzed by the experimental data,which confirms that the change in temperature distribution in different positions of the tongue is related to the diseases of different internal organs of the body. From a series of invasive experiments in animals, the blood perfusion rate was measured with the equipment of CBI 8000 Doppler Blood Flow Meter and MP 100 Physiologic Research System for the first time and the characteristic relationship curve between the temperature on the surface of the tongue and the blood perfusion rate was obtained. From the experiments the temperature on the surface of the tongue reflects objectively the tongue color which is influenced by the blood perfusion rate. This will help to develop some new cognition in the theory of TCM.
文摘目的探讨清热利湿方治疗糖尿病肠病疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法将48例湿热内蕴证糖尿病肠病患者按随机数字表法分观察组和对照组,每组24例;两组均口服美沙拉嗪肠溶片,观察组加予清热利湿方日2次口服治疗,统计肠炎疾病量表(inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire,IBDQ)评分及相关症状体征。结果观察组与对照组IBDQ评分各分项得分治疗后均高于治疗前,但观察组分数增加较为明显,且观察组在全身症状、肠道症状、情感功能、社会功能、总分等方面得分增加均高于对照组,在全身症状改善方面尤为显著。两组在生活质量量表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)量表中生理机能(physical functioning,PF)、生理职能(role physical,RP)、活力(vitality,VT)、精神健康(mental health,MH)、整体健康(general health,GH)等方面治疗前与治疗后差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组总有效率91.67%(22/24),两组间疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组病例均耐受良好,未见明显不良反应,1年内复发率观察组低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论清热利湿方可以有效清热利湿,改善患者病情,是针对糖尿病肠病的一种有效治疗方案,可以提高湿热内蕴证糖尿病肠病患者的治疗有效率,明显提高患者的生活质量,值得临床进一步研究及推广。
文摘目的运用网络药理学和分子对接探讨清热药作用机制。方法检索TCMSP、TCMID、NPASS数据库获取5类清热中药活性成分,检索DrugBank、NPASS数据库收集对应靶点,使用UniProt数据库规范靶点名称。使用STRING数据库构建交集靶点蛋白相互作用网络,采用Cytoscape3.9.1软件筛选核心靶点。使用在线软件DAVID进行GO功能、KEGG通路及疾病富集分析,使用Metascape数据库分析特有靶点。使用Discovery Studio 4.5.0软件对清热药共有成分与核心靶点进行分子对接。结果获得清热泻火药活性成分297个、清热燥湿药活性成分609个、清热解毒药活性成分1196个、清热凉血药活性成分224个、清虚热药活性成分为389个,对应靶点分别为117、241、402、87和260个;获得共有活性成分7个,对应靶点196个。GO功能、KEGG通路及疾病富集分析显示,清热药可能通过调节外源代谢过程、单碳代谢过程中的代谢途径对乳腺癌和肿瘤发挥治疗作用。分子对接结果表明,清热药发挥抗肿瘤、抗乳腺癌的核心化学成分可能为棕榈酸、槲皮素、亚油酸。结论清热类中药可通过多途径发挥治疗作用,其中,清热泻火药、清热燥湿药、清热解毒药的生物过程及信号通路较为相似,均可通过调节外源代谢过程、单碳代谢过程、葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶活性的负调控、细胞葡萄糖醛酸化的负调控、雌激素代谢过程、细胞葡萄糖醛酸化中的新陈代谢类信号通路发挥治疗乳腺癌的作用。
