Defence force activities in marine protected areas:environmental management of Shoalwater Bay Training Area,Queensland,Australia

Environmental management of military activities is of growing global concern by defence forces. As one of the largest landholders in Australia, the Australian Defence Force （ADF） is increasingly concerned with sustainable environmental management. This paper focuses on how the ADF is maintaining effective environmental management, especially in environmentally sensitive marine protected areas. It uses Shoalwater Bay Training Area （SWBTA） as a research example to examine environmental management strategies conducted by the ADF. SWBTA is one of the most significant Defence training areas in Australia, with a large number of single, joint and combined military exercises conducted in the area. With its maritime component contained in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park （GBRMP）, the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area （GBRWHA）, and abutting Queensland＇s State Marine Parks, it has high protection values. It is therefore vital for the ADF to adopt environmentally responsible management while they are conducting military activities. As to various tools employed to manage environmental performance, the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System （EMS） is widely used by the ADE This paper exanlines military activities and marine environmental management within SWBTA, using the Talisman Saber （TS） exercise series as an example. These are extensive joint exercises conducted by the ADF and the United States defence forces. The paper outlines relevant legislative framework and environmental policies, analyses how the EMS operates in environmental management of military activities, and how military activities comply with these regulations. It discusses the implementation of the ADF EMS, including risk reduction measures, environmental awareness training, consultation and communication with stakeholders. A number of environmental management actions used in the TS exercises are presented to demonstrate the EMS application. Our investigations to this point indicate that the ADF is complying with all relevant legislation and policies. Further research is required to confirm compliance and conclude that military activities have good accord with environmental management objectives.

Effects of vibration in desert area caused by moving trains

The ballast layer, filled with fine particles like blown sand, is one of the important problems of ballasted railway tracks in desert areas. Blown sand, as a contaminator of ballast layer, increases track stiffness and may cause serious damage to sleepers, pads, rails, and vehicles. In this paper, the effects of increasing track stiffness due to windy sands in the ballast layer and the train induced vibrations due to this phenomenon were studied. Based on field studies in a desert area in Iran, a two-dimensional finite/infinite element model for a railway track with plane strain condition was analyzed using the software ABAQUS, and the track vibrations were examined by changing the values of stiffness of ballast layer. Vibrations caused by the load of train at different distances from the cross-section of track were inves- tigated, and the values of vertical vibration displacement, velocity, and acceleration were calculated. Results show that acceleration values of vertical vibration increase with the increasing of ballast layer stiffness caused by the filling of sand, while the vertical vibration velocity of track and the induced ground displacement decrease. The farther the distance from the source of vibration, the less the displacement, velocity, and acceleration. In addition, the methods for reducing train-induced vibrations were introduced.

Rural Labor Force Transfer Training Effects Evaluation by Matching Methods: Evidence from Yunnan Province of China

Rural labor force transfer training is one of important poverty alleviation measures in China. This paper describes training participation situation and evaluates training effects by matching methods in the case of coastal autonomous minority nationality areas of Yunnan province by using 2053 rural household data. The result shows that the average training participation from 2006 to 2008 is 26.39 percent. In addition, ATE is 18.33 percent, TT is 18.99 percent, TUT is 18.09 percent. And,TUT . It demonstrates that the rural labor force transfer training program is effective and well-directed in coastal autonomous minority nationality areas of Yunnan province of China.

CBTC系统WLAN车地无线通信网络在线监测关键技术及应用

目前国内大部分城市轨道交通车地无线通信系统仍采用IEEE 802.11 b/g协议,工作在2.4 GHz ISM开放频段,车地通信故障易造成列车紧急停车等情况。针对目前车地无线通信监测完整性和实用性不足、全链条监测手段缺乏等问题,结合无线通信系统范围广、场景多、故障现象迷惑性强等特点,融合无线场强采集、数据流监听、无线图谱定位、贝叶斯网络故障等定位技术,利用软硬件结合的方式构建全链条车地无线智能分析监测系统。采用射频处理单元+运行处理单元软硬件分离的架构模式设计无线监测终端,采用C/S架构和人工智能技术设计车地无线智能分析监测系统,实现从车载到轨旁无线场强、漫游切换、多信道监测等智能分析功能。该系统已在北京地铁亦庄线、昌平线、10号线等多条线路上应用,运用效果良好,满足现场无线监测需求,大幅提升了车地无线通信监测能力及应急处置响应效率,对保障列车运营安全具有重要意义。

Field experiment of subgrade vibration induced by passing train in a seasonally frozen region of Daqing

The vibration characteristics and attenuation of the subgrade caused by passing trains in a seasonally frozen region of Daqing, China are investigated. Three field experiments were conducted during different times through the year, in normal, freezing and thawing periods, respectively, and the influence of the season, train speed and train type, is described in this paper. The results show that： （1） the vertical component is the greatest among the three components of the measured vibration near the rail track, and as the distance to the railway track increases, the dominant vibration depends on the season. （2） Compared with the vibration in the normal period, the vertical and longitudinal vibrations increase while the lateral vibration decreases in the freezing period. However, in the thawing period, the vertical and longitudinal vibrations decrease, and the lateral vibration increases. （3） As train speeds increase, the subgrade vibration increases. （4） The vibration induced by a freight train is greater than by a passenger train. These observations provide a better understanding of the vibration and dynamic stability of the subgrade and may be useful in developing criteria for railway and building construction in cold regions.

Propagation Mechanisms of Incident Tsunami Wave in Jiangsu Coastal Area,Caused by Eastern Japan Earthquake on March 11,2011

At 13：46 on March 11, 2011（Beijing time）, an earthquake of Mw=9.0 occurred in Japan. By comparing the tsunami data from Guanhekou marine station with other tsunami wave observation gathered from southeast coastal area of China, it was evident that, only in Guanhekou, the position of the maximum wave height appeared in the middle part rather than in the front of the tsunami wave train. A numerical model of tsunami propagation based on 2-D nonlinear shallow water equations was built to study the impact range and main causes of the special tsunami waveform discovered in Jiangsu coastal area. The results showed that nearly three-quarters of the Jiangsu coastal area, mainly comprised the part north of the radial sand ridges, reached its maximum tsunami wave height in the middle part of the wave train. The main cause of the special waveform was the special underwater topography condition of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea area, which influenced the tsunami propagation and waveform significantly. Although land boundary reflection brought an effect on the position of the maximum wave height to a certain extent, as the limits of the incident waveform and distances between the observation points and shore, it was not the dominant influence factor of the special waveform. Coriolis force＇s impact on the tsunami waves was so weak that it was not the main cause for the special phenomenon in Jiangsu coastal area. The study reminds us that the most destructive wave might not appear in the first one in tsunami wave train.

四川省民族地区小学全科教师“2+1+N”培养模式与实践探索——以A大学小学教育专业为例

A大学小学教育专业,基于四川民族地区和四川盆地周边地区实地调研与SWOT理论框架分析,探索出一条“综合培养,方向发展”的小学全科教师培养之路,创造性地提出小学全科教师“2+1+N”培养模式。该模式由“2目标——德能双馨”“1方向——‘学科-师范生-儿童’一体化融通方向”“N举措——模块化课程、‘G-U-S’融校实践、全程化人才培养质量保障等”三部分有机组成。A大学近年来如此的人才培养实践,期望能为我国民族地区小学全科人才培养和基础教育高质量发展提供有益参考。

深惠城际铁路CTCS2+ATO列控系统自动折返方案研究

基于目前粤港澳大湾区城际铁路建设规划及深惠城际铁路基本情况,梳理目前城市轨道交通以及城际铁路2种轨道交通制式下列车折返模式,调研装备CTCS2+ATO列控系统的城际铁路的情况,发现列车在车站进行折返作业一般由人工完成,存在耗时长、效率低、操作繁琐等问题。通过分析深惠城际铁路的实际需求,从车辆和设备改造、优化作业流程等角度,提出具体的CTCS2+ATO列控系统自动折返实施方案设计,方案主要是对动车组、车载设备、调度集中(CTC)、列控中心(TCC)、通信控制服务器(CCS)等进行一定的修改,并设计一套折返作业流程。研究设计的自动折返方案旨在实际工程项目中得到应用,以提高列车折返作业效率,增加动车组运用周转率,实现运营效率的提升。

基于tesseract训练的电力告警信号特征识别方法

为缩小电力告警信号峭度指标极值差水平,增强电网主机对告警信号特征的识别准确性,提出基于tesseract训练的电力告警信号特征识别方法。在tesseract训练布局环境中,分别识别信号字符的特定行区域与列区域,完成基于tesseract训练的信号字符标记。在此基础上,提取关键电力告警信号特征,通过计算识别阈值方式,完成特征信号参量暂态传输行为处理,实现基于tesseract训练的电力告警信号特征识别方法设计。实验结果表明,与多特征组合识别方法相比,文中方法在tesseract训练引擎作用下,电力告警信号峭度指标极值差水平得到较好控制,提升了电网主机对告警信号特征的准确识别能力。

我国乡村幼儿教师职后培训的研究热点与前沿趋势——基于CiteSpace的文献计量与可视化分析

乡村学前教育质量的高低是由乡村幼儿教师素质决定的。要打造一支质量高、数量足的乡村幼儿教师队伍需要真正保证乡村幼儿教师的切身利益,提高幼儿教师职后培训质量,促进乡村学前教育的高质量发展。在有关乡村幼儿教师职后培训的研究中选取662篇文献,运用CiteSpace分析工具进行信息挖掘。结果表明:我国乡村幼儿教师职后培训在发文机构上师范类院校占主力,发文量逐年增长;研究聚焦于幼儿乡村教师职后培训的模式、内容、问题、质量评价且研究主题多呈“嵌套结构”特征,与现实需求联系紧密。

民族地区乡村休闲旅游人才培养路径

乡村振兴背景下,民族地区叠加资源、市场、政策等多重效应,发展乡村休闲旅游占尽天时、地利条件,同时面临人和困境,人才成为制约民族地区乡村休闲旅游发展的最大短板。通过分析民族地区发展乡村休闲旅游的新机遇、新内涵,指出民族地区发展乡村休闲旅游,需要管理、规划开发、文化创意、生态环保、市场营销5类人才。基于民族地区乡村休闲旅游高质量发展,提出健全教育培训的机制、构建教育培训的体系、创新教育培训的方式、激活教育培训的动力等建议,以建立适应民族地区乡村休闲旅游发展的人才队伍。

基于LTE-M与WLAN混合组网的通信系统可靠性研究

近年来,城市轨道交通建设加速增长,对城市轨道交通车地通信系统的可靠运行提出了更高的要求。随着第四代移动网络(4th Generation mobile networks,4G)具体化的长期演进(Long Term Evolution,LTE)系统已经广泛地进行了部署,而且技术也逐渐趋于成熟,地铁长期演进(Long Term Evolution for Metro,LTE-M)车地通信系统具有较强的抗干扰能力、支持快速移动状态下的列车通信、资源调度灵活等优点,突破融合不同通信制式的关键技术,研制出信号通信设备样机,并根据列车控制系统的业务需求对新的通信制式进行测试,保障城铁列车的安全稳定运行。

基于高分辨率遥感影像的居民地分类方法研究

随着我国城镇化进程的不断深入,大量乡村居民地已经转化为城镇居民地,为了度量二者实时的转化情况,该文提出一种基于监督分类机制的居民地分类方法,该方法首先采用边缘特征及高斯函数量化影像上的局部特征,然后构建5种城镇及乡村居民地分类规则,其次创建训练样本对各类规则进行学习,最后通过城镇及乡村测试样本验证该文方法的精度。实验表明,该文方法可以对高分辨率遥感影像城镇及乡村居民地进行初级分类,为“城镇化”进程提供一个新的衡量指标。

功能性训练在武术兵道(短兵)中的应用研究

功能性训练现已被广泛应用于击剑、篮球、足球等运动项目中,且经过实验验证具备有效性和实用性,是近年来备受关注的一种训练方法。到目前为止,对于武术兵道(短兵)训练方法的研究相对有限,而功能性训练对武术兵道(短兵)来说确实是一项新的训练方法,文章运用文献资料法对功能性训练进行研究,为武术兵道(短兵)的实际应用提供有针对性的训练方法,以提升武术兵道(短兵)运动员体能。

东京都市圈地方大学与区域协同发展的路径及其启示

有别于顶尖研究型大学发展战略的国际化、全球化取向,东京都市圈域内的地方大学凭借地理位置和生源本土化优势成为引领所在区域发展的中坚力量,其发展模式包含日本学者所界定的大学—区域新型协同发展的4种类型,即交流型、价值发展型、课题解决型和知识共有型。在地方人口过疏危机和地方大学区域影响力提高等客观因素的助推下,得益于日本全国性地方创生政策的升级迭代,东京都市圈区域内远离“都心”的地区逐渐形成大学与区域良性协同发展的态势。地方大学在区域(知识)据点大学地方创生推进项目的牵引下逐渐形成充分关照地方人才培养与就业、注重公共服务的发展路径。该模式或可为中国进一步推进地方大学与区域协同发展提供有益的启示。

民族地区中高等院校学前教育专业人才培养模式对学生就业意向的影响——专业认同的中介作用

对新疆维吾尔自治区20所中高等院校学前教育专业的4124名学生进行调查,探求民族地区院校学前教育专业人才培养模式与学生就业意向的关系及专业认同在其中的中介作用机制。结果表明:人才培养模式和专业认同对学生就业意向具有正向预测作用;专业认同发挥部分中介作用且在院校层次和类型变量上存在差异,各维度发挥的中介效应有所不同。主要教育建议:明确就业定位与培养规格是民族地区院校学前教育专业提升人才培养质量的核心路径,增强专业适切性与情感性是民族地区院校学前教育专业开展专业认同教育的关键抓手,健全社会保障与培养体系是激发民族地区院校学前教育专业学生就业意愿的有力支撑。

列车用CAN总线应用层协议研究与实现

铁路行业总线应用具有其自身的特点,目前还没有出现面向铁路专用的CAN总线应用层协议标准,本文以TCN(IEC61375-1)为参考,结合CAN总线自身的底层协议特点,借鉴了其他CAN总线应用层协议的优点,设计出面向列车总线应用的CAN总线应用层协议——Train-CAN协议.该文主要从该协议的报文分配、报文传输机制描述和网络管理方法3方面加以研究,并分析了一个典型的应用——分布式车载故障检测记录系统,通过该系统的实际运行情况证明了Train-CAN协议应用于铁路机车的合理性.

基于城市雨洪模型的长治市某城区应急救援路径规划研究

在洪水应急管理中,合理设计救援路线,有助于提高救援效率,减少灾害损失。在建立的内涝灾害救援路径规划框架中,采用高效高分辨率雨洪模型,模拟区域的内涝过程,基于内涝结果,采用原始法重构路网拓扑结构。考虑道路风险及水深对车速的影响,构建以时间为指标的路段权重矩阵,采用Floyd算法推求最短路径。另构建了以路径长度为指标的权重矩阵,作为对照。以长治市某城区为例,设置5种情景条件(无降雨、50 a、100 a、200 a、500 a),比较不同情景下的救援路线。结果表明:分别以通行时间、路径距离为指标构建路网权重进行计算,其结果有明显变化。500 a降雨条件下,以通行时间为指标构建的路网权重得到的规划路线,在通行距离上增加了12.43%,而在行驶时间上少了14.07%。

民族地区应用型高校创新创业教育发展现状分析

在社会主义经济建设发展新时期,国家对高校教育事业愈发重视,民族地区应用型高校以培养大学生创新创业能力为主要教学目标。为此,应在满足高校教育发展需求及办学原则基础上,对民族地区应用型大学创新创业教育建设中存在的问题进行深入探寻,提出构建民族地区应用型本科大学创新创业教学共同体的战略建议,为我国教育事业实现可持续发展奠定坚实基础,为我国社会主义经济建设发展提供应用型人才,从而保证民族区域建设有序运行。

乡村振兴战略下农林高校“三农”人才培养研究

民族要复兴,乡村必振兴。乡村振兴发展离不开“三农”人才的支撑,农林高校是“三农”人才培养的主基地,与“三农”工作密不可分。在新时期全面推进乡村振兴战略背景下,农林高校要抓住机遇,立足实际,解决问题,发挥优势,探寻路径,建立新时期农林高校人才培养模式,提高“三农”人才质量,为乡村振兴培养符合时代要求的“三农”人才。