Comparison of the application value of transvaginal ultrasound and transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

BACKGROUND Ectopic pregnancy(EP) is one of the most common acute abdominal diseases in gynecology. Once the condition of EP is delayed, it may lead to massive hemorrhage, shock, and even death in a short time, seriously threatening the patient’s life. Early diagnosis is the key to preventing and improving the prognosis of EP.Transabdominal ultrasound(TAS) and transvaginal ultrasound(TVS) are the main diagnostic methods for abdominal diseases. The purpose of this study is to explore the application value and effect of TAS and TVS in the diagnosis of EP,hoping to provide more valuable references for the diagnosis of EP.AIM To explore the application value of TAS and TVS in the diagnosis of EP and to improve the level of clinical diagnosis.METHODS A total of 140 patients with EP admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to July 2020 were selected for this study. All patients were divided into two groups according to the examination methods. 63 patients who underwent abdominal ultrasound examination were set as the TAS group, while 77 patients who underwent TVS examination were set as the TVS group. We compared the diagnostic accuracy and misdiagnosis rates between the two types of ultrasound examinations, as well as the postoperative pathological results of the two diagnostic methods for different types of ectopic pregnancies. We also analyzed the sonograms for the presence of mixed ectopic masses,adnexal masses, ectopic gestational sacs, the presence or absence of visible embryo and fetal heart in the ectopic sac shadow, and the detection of fluid in the rectal fossa of the uterus, such as the adnexal area, yolk sac, and embryo, etc. In addition, the diagnosis time, days of gestational sac appearance, operation time, endometrial thickness, and blood flow resistance index were compared as well.RESULTS After performing both types of ultrasound examinations in 140 patients with EP, we found that the diagnostic accuracy of TVS was significantly higher than that of TAS, and the misdiagnosis rate was significantly lower than that of TAS. The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). In addition, the detection rate of TVS was better than that of TAS for the presence of mixed masses,adnexal masses, ectopic gestational sacs, the presence or absence of visible embryo and fetal heart in the shadow of the ectopic sac, and sonograms such as the adnexal area, yolk sac, and embryo,etc. The coincidence rate of its postoperative pathological examination results was significantly higher than those of TAS. The diagnosis time and the days of gestational sac appearance by TVS were significantly shorter than that by TAS, and the operation time was earlier than that by TAS.What’s more, the detection rates of the endometrial thickness ￡ 1.5 mm and blood flow resistance ￡0.5 were significantly higher in TVS diagnosis of EP than in TAS. All differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with TAS, TVS has the advantages of high detection accuracy and good sonogram performance.

Predictive value of the trans-perineal three-dimensional ultrasound measurement of the pubic arch angle for vaginal delivery

BACKGROUND Numerous variables are linked to the success of vaginal delivery,including the subpubic arch angle(SPAA)during labor,the importance of which has not yet been fully elucidated.AIM To examine the SPAA distributional characteristics and to ascertain SPAA’s ability to predict the type and duration of labor.METHODS We determined the SPAA and analyzed the corresponding data.We also evaluated the relationship between the SPAA and the mode of delivery and the duration of labor by regression.The present study comprised a total of 301 pregnant women who had given birth at Beijing Tiantan Hospital of the Capital Medical University between January and December of 2021.RESULTS Our analysis of 301 pregnant women revealed that the SPAA measured using three-dimensional trans-perineal ultrasound had a minimum angle of 81°and a maximum angle of 122.2°.The angle in the normal vaginal delivery group was greater than that in the labor cesarean group(P=0.000).The SPAA was a highly significant positive predictor of normal vaginal delivery(P=0.000)with an area under the curve of 0.782(P=0.000;95%CI:0.717-0.848).We found the length of the second stage of labor to be positively influenced by the SPAA using linear regression analysis(P=0.045).CONCLUSION The SPAA was a highly significant positive predictor of normal vaginal delivery.The length of the second stage of labor and normal vaginal birth were predicted by SPAA.

Detection of Congenital Uterine Malformation by Using Transvaginal Three-dimensional Ultrasound

This study assessed the clinical application of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound （3D TVUS） in the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformation. A retrospective study was performed on 62 patients with congenital uterine malformation confirmed hysteroscopically and/or laparoscopically. The patients were subjected to transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound （2D TVUS） and 3D TVUS. The accuracy rate was compared between the two methods. The accuracy rate of 3D TVUS was （98.38%, 61/62）, higher than that of 2D TVUS （80.65%, 50/62）. 3D TVUS coronal plane imaging could demon- strate the internal shape of the endometrial cavity and the external contour of the uterine fundus. It al- lowed accurate measurement on the coronary plane, and could three-dimensionally show the image of cervical tube, thereby providing information for the diagnosis of some complex uterine malformation. 3D TVUS imaging can obtain comprehensive information of the uterus malformation, and it is superior to 2D TVUS for the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformations, especially complex uterine anomaly.

Sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy,and high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE）,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy（3-DCRT） and high-intensity focused ultrasound（HIFU）.From October,2005 to September,2010,120 patients with unresectable HCC received the sequential treatments of several courses of TACE followed in 2-4 weeks by 3-DCRT and then a single session of HIFU with a curative intent.The median tumor irradiation dose was 40 Gy.Tumor response,toxicity and overall survival rate were analyzed.Clinicopathologic factors affecting the primary technique effectiveness and overall survival rates were investigated by univariate analysis or multivariate analysis.All 120 HCC patients were followed up by the last follow-up time.Among these patients,hepatic toxicities due to treatment were notable in 9 cases.Gastrointestinal bleeding after the overall treatment occurred in 2 cases,leukopenia of grade III was detected in 1 case,radiation-induced liver disease（RILD） was observed in 2 patients,and first-and second-degree skin burn around the HIFU treatment zone were observed in 2 patients and 1 patient,respectively.Among 120 patients,23,83 and 14 cases achieved partial response,stable disease and progressive disease,respectively.The overall survival rates at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 70%,35% and 15%,respectively,with a median survival time of 26 months.Both Child-Pugh liver function grading and radiation dose were determined to be independent predictors for overall survival revealed by the multivariate analysis.It is concluded that the sequential therapy of TACE,3-DCRT and HIFU is a promising therapeutic regimen for unresectable HCC.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Sirenomelia by Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Skeletal Imaging Ultrasound

Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween September 2010 and April 2014, a prospective study was conducted in a single referral center using 3D-SU1S performed after 2D-US in 10 cases of sirenomelia. Diagnostic accuracy and detailed findings were compared with postnatal three-dimensional helical computed tomography （3D-HCT）, radiological findings and autopsy. Pregnancy was terminated in all 10 sirenomelia cases, including 9 singletons and I conjoined twin pregnancy, for a total of 5 males and 5 females. These cases of sirenomelia were deter- mined by autopsy and/or chromosomal examination. Initial 2D-US showed that there were 10 cases of oligohydranmios, bilateral renal agenesis, bladder agenesis, single umbilical artery, fusion of the lower limbs and spinal abnormalities; 8 cases of dipus or monopus; 2 cases of apus; and 8 cases of cardiac abnormalities. Subsequent 3D-SUIS showed that there were 9 cases of scoliosis, l0 cases of sacrococ- cygeal vertebra dysplasia, 3 cases of hemivertebra, 1 case of vertebral fusion, 3 cases of spina bifida, and 5 cases of rib abnormalities. 3D-SUIS identified significantly more skeletal abnormalities than did 2D-US, and its accuracy was 79.5% （70/88） compared with 3D-HCT and radiography. 3D-SUIS seems to be a useful complementary method to 2D-US and may improve the accuracy of identifying prenatal skeletal abnormalities related to sirenomelia.

Three-dimensional psychological guidance combined with evidencebased health intervention in patients with liver abscess treated with ultrasound

BACKGROUND Liver abscess is a common clinical liver disease mainly caused by suppurative bacteria or amoebae,with early clinical signs of chills,high fever,jaundice,and other symptoms.Establishing its early diagnosis is difficult,which may lead to misdiagnosis.AIM To observe the effects of psychological guidance combined with evidence-based health intervention in patients with liver abscess treated with ultrasound.METHODS A total of 120 patients with bacterial liver abscess admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to February 2021 were selected and divided into groups according to their intervention plan.RESULTS After the intervention,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS),and quality of life scores(physical functioning,role physical,bodily pain,general health,vitality,social functioning,role emotional,mental health)were lower than before the intervention in the two groups.The observation group had lower negative sentiment,SPBS,and quality of life scores than the control group.In the observation group,31 and 24 patients had good and general compliance,respectively,with a compliance rate of 91.67%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group.The observation group had significantly lower total incidence of incision infection,abdominal abscess,hemorrhage,and severe abdominal pain than the control group.CONCLUSION Three-dimensional psychological guidance combined with evidence-based health intervention in treating liver abscess can reduce patients’burden and negative emotions,improve patient compliance and quality of life,and reduce complications.

Changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression

Objective:To study the changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression.Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Wuhan Red Cross Hospital between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the cervical cancer group, and the patients who received cervical biopsy and were diagnosed with stage I cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by pathological findings during the same period were selected as the control group. Before biopsy, three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography was performed to measure VI, FI and VFI;the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy as well as the biopsy tissues of control group were collected to measure the expression of proliferation genes, invasion genes and angiogenesis genes.Results: The VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2 gene (Piwil2), CyclinD1, N-Myc downstream regulated gene 3 (NDRG3), CXC chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), cathepsin-L (CAT-L), EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1), angiotensin (Ang)1, Ang2 and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy were all significantly higher than those of control group whereas the thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), Smac gene (Smac), large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1), reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) and plas minogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) mRNA expression levels in the tissues were all significantly lower than those of control group, and the VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group after chemotherapy were all significantly lower than those before chemotherapy whereas the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels were all significantly higher than those before chemotherapy;the VI, FI and VFI levels in cervical cancer tissues were positively correlated with the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels, and negatively correlated with the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels.Conclusion: The changes in the three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound parameters before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer can reflect the changes in proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis gene expression in the lesions.

Value of myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking

Objective:To investigate the value of two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(2D-STI)and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(3D-STI)in evaluating myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease.Methods 92 children with Kawasaki disease admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.50 children who underwent 3D-STI examination were taken as observation group and 42 children who underwent 2D-STI examination were taken as control group.The left ventricular systolic function index,storage time and analysis time of the image,the diameter of coronary artery,the strain difference of left ventricular basal segment,middle segment,apical segment and whole segment were observed.Results The levels of left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular myocardial mass(LVMI)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)between the two groups(P>0.05).The storage time and analysis time of the image in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The left coronary artery(LCA)and right coronary artery(RCA)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference between left anterior descending(LAD)in the two groups(P>0.05).The longitudinal peak systolic strain(LS),circumferential peak systolic strain(CS)and radial peak systolic strain(RS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The global longitudinal peak strain(GLS),global circumferential peak strain(GCS)and global radial peak strain(GRS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).LS and CS in the middle segment of the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with 2D-STI,3D-STI can objectively and accurately reflect the myocardial function of children with Kawasaki disease.

Correlation analysis of real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in diagnosis of left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and severity of liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis

Objective:To analyze the correlation between real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in diagnosis of left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and severity of liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: 90 patients with cirrhosis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in the cirrhosis group, and the cirrhosis components were group A, B and C according to the Child-Pauh classification criteria. During the same period, 90 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group;real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography was performed to examine left ventricular function and portal hemodynamic parameters;Pearson correlation was used to analyze left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and liver. Functional severity relationship.Results: The left heart E and E/A levels in the cirrhosis group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the A level was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The Dpv and Q levels in the cirrhosis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the level of Vpv was significantly lower than that of healthy controls (P<0.05). There were significant differences in E, A and E/A levels between different Child-Paugh patients (P<0.05). There were significant differences in portal hemodynamics Dpv, Vpv and Q between the different Child-Paugh grades, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);left heart function E and E/A and liver function severity There was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between left cardiac function A and liver function severity (P<0.05). Portal vein hemodynamics Dpv, Vpv and QE were significantly associated with liver function severity. Positive correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound can effectively detect left ventricular function and portal hemodynamics changes in patients with cirrhosis, and left heart function, portal hemodynamics and liver function severity are significantly correlated.

Clinical study in diagnosis of placental implantation abnormality with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound

Objective: To evaluate the ultrasonographic charateristics and the diagnostic value in placental implantation abnormality (PIA) with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, and improve the rate of diagnosis accuracy in the prenatal and postnatal of PIA with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, for early diagnosis and treatment, to avoid hysterectomy caused by fatal bleeding. Methods: There were 61 cases complicated with PIA by operation and pathologically confirmed in our hospital. 33 cases were prenatal PIA, and 28 cases were postnatal PIA. The sonographic characteristics of PIA were summarized, the sensitivity and false negative rate of transabdominal Doppler ultrasound were analyzed with the results of surgical and pathological diagnosis. Results: In the images of prenatal PIA, the incidence of abundant blood flow signals in muscular layer of the placenta was the highest, which could reached 85.7%, followed by placenta 'vortex' and placenta previa;placental remnants were major sonographic performance in postnatal PIA, the incidence rate was 100%, followed by abundant blood flow signals in muscular layer of the placenta and disappeared boundary between myometrium and placenta. 14 cases could be diagnosed as prenatal PIA accurately by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, the sensitivity was 42.4%, and the false negative rate was 57.6%. 21 cases could be diagnosed as postnatal PIA accurately by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, the sensitivity was 75.0%, and the false negative rate was 25.0%. Conclusions: The specificity was low in prenatal PIA by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, but the false negative rate was high. If necessary, the diagnostic accuracy could be improved combined with MRI. The specificity was much higher in postnatal PIA, and the false negative rate was low. The ultrasonography of PIA has some certain characteristics, we should strengthen the consciousness of the diagnosis in PIA, especially in the prenatal PIA, and improve the auxiliary diagnosis.

Antidiastole Value of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography and Power Doppler between Uterine Parenchyma Lumps and Endometrial Cancer:A Retrospective Study

Sometimes endometrial polyps,submucosal myomas,and endometrial cancer show similar findings under ultrasonography.The aim of this study was to assess the antidiastole value of blood flow parameters using three-dimensional(3D)power Doppler ultrasonography angiography(PDA)between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps.The data of the blood flow indices in 3D-PDA including the vascularization index(VI),flow index(FI),and vascularization flow index(VFI)in 40 patients with endometrial cancer and 41 patients with uterine parenchyma lumps(endometrial polyps and submucosal myomas)were retrospectively analysed and compared utilizing Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis(VOCAL)software.The results showed that all the blood flow parameters(VI,FI,VFI)were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those with uterine parenchyma lumps(P<0.001).The area under the curve of ROC of VI,FI,and VFI was 0.98,0.84,and 0.97,respectively.Thus,the best predictor of endometrial carcinoma was VI with a sensitivity of 97.0% and a specificity of 91.0%.The optimal cutoff value of VI was 4.06%.Our data demonstrated that all of the blood flow signal parameters(including VI,FI,and VFI)in 3D power Doppler ultrasonography had significant antidiastole values between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps to assist clinicians in properly diagnosing patients.

Three-dimensional imaging of the uterus:The value of the coronal plane

Advent in three-dimensional(3D) imaging technology has seen 3D ultrasound establish itself as a useful adjunct complementary to traditional two-dimensional imaging of the female pelvis. This advantage largely arises from its ability to reconstruct the coronal plane of the uterus, which allows further delineation of many gynecological disorders. 3D imaging of the uterus is now the preferred imaging modality for assessing congenital uterine anomalies and intrauterine device localization. Newer indications include the diagnosis of adenomyosis. It can also add invaluable information to delineate other endometrial and myometrial pathology such as fibroids and endometrial polyps.

经阴道联合经腹部超声检查诊断异位妊娠效果

目的:分析经阴道超声、经腹部超声及联合检测对异位妊娠临床诊断价值。方法:选取本院2020年6月-2023年6月收治的110例疑似异位妊娠患者临床资料,均接受病理检查、行经阴道超声和经腹部超声检测。对比不同超声方式检测诊断结果,不同超声检测对不同类型异位妊娠诊断符合率,不同超声检测的图像特征;受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析不同超声方式检测对异位妊娠诊断价值。结果:6例失访,最终104例参与研究,其中病理诊断阳性95例,阴性9例;经阴道超声阳性检出率为75.8%,阴性检出率为22.2%;经腹部超声阳性检出率为77.9%,阴性检出率为22.2%;两种超声方式联合检测阳性检出率89.5%,阴性检出率88.9%,联合检测阳性、阴性检出率高于经阴道超声和经腹部超声检测(均P<0.05);与经阴道超声和经腹部超声检测相比,联合检测对不同类型异位妊娠的诊断符合率提升,对附件包块、宫内假孕囊、盆腔积液、心管搏动、胎芽、胎心和卵黄囊检出率提升(P<0.05);联合检测诊断异位妊娠的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.892,高于经阴道超声检测的AUC(0.510)和经腹部超声检测的AUC(0.501)(P<0.05)。结论:经阴道超声和经腹部超声联合检测诊断异位妊娠效能提高。

经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像联合检查对宫颈癌的诊断价值

目的探讨经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像联合检查对宫颈癌的诊断价值。方法选取98例宫颈病变患者,所有患者均行经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像及病理检查。病理检查结果显示,宫颈癌患者58例,宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者24例,其他宫颈良性病变患者16例。比较宫颈癌、CIN及其他宫颈良性病变患者弹性模量值的最大值及平均值。以病理检查结果为金标准,分析经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像单独及联合检查对宫颈癌的诊断价值。结果宫颈癌患者弹性模量值的最大值及平均值均高于CIN及其他宫颈良性病变患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像联合检查诊断宫颈癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为94.83%、95.00%、94.90%、96.49%、92.68%,均高于三者单独检查。结论经腹部超声、经阴道超声、剪切波弹性成像联合检查对宫颈癌具有较高的诊断效能。

血清指标联合经阴道腹部超声对早期异位妊娠的诊断价值

目的分析血清β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、癌抗原199(CA199)、孕酮(P)水平检测联合经阴道、腹部超声对早期异位妊娠的诊断价值。方法选取2020年10月至2023年10月烟台市烟台山医院收治的93例拟诊早期异位妊娠患者作为研究对象,其中经术后病理确诊为早期异位妊娠患者82例(观察组),年龄(31.35±3.16)岁;另选取同期正常宫内妊娠产妇105例作为对照组,年龄(31.57±3.22)岁。回顾性收集研究对象的临床资料,分析两组研究对象的血清β-HCG、CA199、P水平,经阴道、经腹部超声声像表现及早期异位妊娠的诊断结果。统计比较采用t检验、χ^(2)检验,绘制受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)。结果观察组血清β-HCG、CA199、P水平均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。93例初诊早期异位妊娠患者均进行病理学检查,82例为阳性;经阴道超声检查:72例真实早期异位妊娠;经腹部超声检查:69例真实早期异位妊娠。经腹部超声检查中子宫直肠窝积液、原始心管搏动、附件区包块、宫内未见孕囊的患者占比均低于经阴道超声(均P<0.05)。绘制ROC,经阴道超声、经腹部超声、血清β-HCG、CA199、P水平单独及联合检测的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.716、0.657、0.630、0.605、0.691、0.910,灵敏度为65.85%、63.41%、70.73%、58.54%、68.29%、86.59%,特异度为72.73%、72.73%、63.64%、72.68%、63.64%、81.82%。结论早期异位妊娠患者中血清β-HCG、CA199、P水平及经阴道、经腹部超声检测均存在异常表达情况,联合检测对早期异位妊娠患者具有较高的诊断价值,可作为早期异位妊娠临床诊治的靶点。

经腹超声在溃疡性结肠炎中的研究进展

溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)是一种原因不明的慢性炎症性疾病,长期病程、反复发作是其临床特点。其需要定期随访监测,以指导治疗优化、改善远期结局并预防并发症。经腹超声作为一种无创、经济、易行的检查手段,在UC的疾病监测和疗效评估中具有重要价值。本文总结国内外相关文献,对经腹超声在UC中的研究进展作一概述。

经腹肠道超声在克罗恩病诊治中的临床应用

克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)是一种复发性、全身性炎症性疾病,CD诊断需要结合临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查、内镜及病理组织学检查进行综合判断,且病程中需要进行长期反复的随访。经腹肠道超声(transabdominal bowel ultrasound,TBUS)由于其无创、快速、无辐射、价格便宜等优点,有望辅助有侵入性的内镜检查作为CD重要随访手段。该文就TBUS在CD诊治中临床应用的价值做一简要综述。

四维超声联合经腹部超声心动图在胎儿先天性心脏病筛查中的应用研究

目的探讨四维超声联合经腹部超声心动图在胎儿先天性心脏病产前筛查中的临床价值。方法选取2020年4月至2023年4月该院行产前筛查的2013例孕妇,进行四维超声、经腹部超声心动图检查,以出生后超声心动图检查结果或引产后尸检结果为“金标准”,分析四维超声、经腹部超声心动图筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的效能。结果2013例孕妇中,56例经“金标准”证实胎儿存在先天性心脏病,而经腹部超声心动图检出46例,四维超声共检出48例,二者联合检出55例。四维超声、经腹部超声心动图筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的灵敏度、准确度、阴性预测值低于二者联合筛查时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。四维超声联合经腹部超声心动图的筛查结果与“金标准”的检查结果具有极好一致性(kappa值=0.972,P<0.001)。四维超声、经腹部超声心动图筛查房间隔缺损的准确率低于二者联合筛查时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论四维超声联合经腹部超声心动图具有较高的灵敏度、准确度,能够更有效地筛查胎儿先天性心脏病,特别是房间隔缺损。

分析经会阴超声检查与经腹部超声检查在宫颈机能不全诊断中的临床价值

目的探析对宫颈机能不全患者应用经会阴超声检查与经腹部超声检查的临床诊断意义。方法纳入2020年1月至2022年1月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的80例疑似宫颈机能不全患者,对患者同时进行经会阴超声检查、经腹部超声检查,进行术后活检确诊并作为本研究的“金标准”,比较经会阴超声、经腹部超声检查下对宫颈机能不全患者的检出率、诊断效能以及图像满意度。结果术后病理活检对患者确诊为宫颈机能不全患者46例,经会阴超声检查对收治患者宫颈机能不全检出率[73.91%(34/43)]高于经腹部超声检出率[60.87%(28/46)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。诊断效能方面,经会阴超声检查的敏感性、准确性高于经腹部超声检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经会阴超声检查的宫颈内口图像、外口图像满意度均高于经腹部超声检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对宫颈机能不全患者应用经会阴超声检查在诊断疾病上有令人满意的效果,且对收治患者的健康和预后方案调整均有良好的指导价值。

经腹壁超声与螺旋CT诊断微小输尿管结石价值分析

目的评价经腹壁超声和螺旋CT平扫对输尿管微小结石检出的诊断价值。方法回顾分析我院近三年172例急性肾绞痛患者的经腹壁超声和螺旋CT影像资料,比较两种方法对输尿管微小结石检出率是否存在差异,并评价两种方法诊断一致性。结果172例急性肾绞痛患者平均年龄为42.3±14.2(岁)。61例(36.1%)位于上段,30例(17.7%)位于中段,78例(46.2%)位于下段。下段结石直径分别与上段和中段结石直径存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。5mm常规CT平扫诊断准确率、漏诊率和误诊率分别为93.0%、5.2%和1.8%,显著优于经腹壁超声的诊断准确率(45.9%)、漏诊率(45.3%)和误诊率(8.8%)。螺旋CT平扫和经腹壁超声检查诊断输尿管微小结石的一致性差。经腹壁超声的输尿管各段微小结石检出率显著低于CT平扫(P<0.05)。超声检出组输尿管微小结石直径显著大于和未检出组(P<0.05)。结论经腹壁超声的输尿管微小结石检出率低,当初筛发现输尿管扩张时,应用螺旋CT平扫诊断效果更好。