Experimental studies of a model pump-turbine S-curve characteristics and its improvement by misaligned guide vanes(MGV) were extended to prototype pump turbine through 3-D transient flow simulations. The unsteady Reyn...Experimental studies of a model pump-turbine S-curve characteristics and its improvement by misaligned guide vanes(MGV) were extended to prototype pump turbine through 3-D transient flow simulations. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the SST turbulence model were used to model the transient flow within the entire flow passage of a reversible pump-turbine with and without misaligned guide vanes during turbine model start-up. The unstable S-curve and its improvement by using misaligned guide vane were verified by model test and simulation. The transient flow calculations were used to clarify the variations of pressure pulse and internal flow behavior in the entire flow passage. The use of misaligned guide vanes can eliminate the S-curve characteristics of a pump-turbine, and can significantly increase the pressure pulse amplitude in the entire flow passage and the runner radial forces during start-up. The MGV only decreased the pulse amplitude on the guide vane suction side when the rotating speed was less than 50% rated speed. The hydraulic reason is that the MGV dramatically changed the flow patterns inside the entire flow passage, and destroyed the symmetry of the flow distribution inside the guide vane and runner.展开更多
Previous experimental and numerical analyses of the pressure pulse characteristics in a Francis turbine are extended here by using the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the shear stress transport...Previous experimental and numerical analyses of the pressure pulse characteristics in a Francis turbine are extended here by using the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the shear stress transport(SST) turbulence model to model the unsteady flow within the entire flow passage of a large Francis pump turbine with misaligned guide vanes at the rated rotational speed. The S-curve characteristics are analyzed by a combined use of the model test and the steady state simulation with the aligned guide vane firstly. Four misaligned guide vanes with two different openings are chosen to analyze the influence of pressure pulses in the turbine. The characteristics of the dominant unsteady flow frequencies in different parts of the pump turbine for various misaligned guide vane openings are investigated in detail. The predicted hydraulic performance and the pressure fluctuations show that the misaligned guide vanes reduce the relative pressure fluctuation amplitudes in the stationary part of the flow passage, but not the runner blades. The misaligned guide vanes have changed the low frequencies in the entire flow passage with the change of the pulse amplitudes mainly due to changes in the rotor-stator interaction and the low frequency vortex rope flow behavior.展开更多
The use of reversible pump turbines(RPT) within pumped storage power plants goes with prolonged periods of off-design operating conditions, which leads to the onset of operating mode-dependent instabilities. In order ...The use of reversible pump turbines(RPT) within pumped storage power plants goes with prolonged periods of off-design operating conditions, which leads to the onset of operating mode-dependent instabilities. In order to decrease the gravity of RPT flow instabilities and associated damages or even completely eliminate them, a deep understanding of its onset and development mechanism is needed. In line with this, the present study seeks to numerically investigate the onset and development mechanism of RPT unsteady flow structures as well as the evolutional characteristics of associated pressure pulsations throughout the RPT complete flow passage, under off-design conditions for three GVOs namely 17, 21, and 25 mm. The study results showed that low torque operating conditions and associated vaneless space back flow structures were the trigger of flow unsteadiness onset within the RPT vaneless space, the instabilities which grew to cause the S-shape characteristics appearance. Moreover, the runner flow unsteadiness was found to decrease with the GVO increase. On the other hand, the GVO increase worsened the pressure pulsation levels within RPT flow zones, where pressure pulsations within the vaneless space and flow zones in its vicinities were found to be the most sensitive to GVO changes.展开更多
The main goal of this work is to investigate the possible different flow patterns existing in pump turbine under off-design conditions in pump mode. Numerical simulations by solving the Navier-Stokes equation, coupled...The main goal of this work is to investigate the possible different flow patterns existing in pump turbine under off-design conditions in pump mode. Numerical simulations by solving the Navier-Stokes equation, coupled with the "SST k-ω" turbulence model, were carried out. Flow characteristics were assumed to be stalled in the appropriate region of ?ow rate levels of Q/QD=0.15–0.61. The simulation result was compared with experimental data and they showed good agreement. Consequently, velocity fields in three axial locations in stay vanes and guide vanes were analysed in details. It was shown that "jet-wake" flow pattern exists near the band, which changes little in the whole shape with flow rate increasing; to the middle location of vanes, reverse flow begins to appear on the interface between the runner and guide vanes, which will disappear gradually as the flow rate increases; massive reverse flow is captured near the crown, whose intensity will be weakened as the flow rate increases. Ultimately, it was found that the special head-flow profile can be ascribed to the special hydraulic loss characteristics of the stay vanes and guide vanes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51009077)State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering(2014-KY-05)
文摘Experimental studies of a model pump-turbine S-curve characteristics and its improvement by misaligned guide vanes(MGV) were extended to prototype pump turbine through 3-D transient flow simulations. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the SST turbulence model were used to model the transient flow within the entire flow passage of a reversible pump-turbine with and without misaligned guide vanes during turbine model start-up. The unstable S-curve and its improvement by using misaligned guide vane were verified by model test and simulation. The transient flow calculations were used to clarify the variations of pressure pulse and internal flow behavior in the entire flow passage. The use of misaligned guide vanes can eliminate the S-curve characteristics of a pump-turbine, and can significantly increase the pressure pulse amplitude in the entire flow passage and the runner radial forces during start-up. The MGV only decreased the pulse amplitude on the guide vane suction side when the rotating speed was less than 50% rated speed. The hydraulic reason is that the MGV dramatically changed the flow patterns inside the entire flow passage, and destroyed the symmetry of the flow distribution inside the guide vane and runner.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51009077)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,2009AA05Z424)
文摘Previous experimental and numerical analyses of the pressure pulse characteristics in a Francis turbine are extended here by using the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the shear stress transport(SST) turbulence model to model the unsteady flow within the entire flow passage of a large Francis pump turbine with misaligned guide vanes at the rated rotational speed. The S-curve characteristics are analyzed by a combined use of the model test and the steady state simulation with the aligned guide vane firstly. Four misaligned guide vanes with two different openings are chosen to analyze the influence of pressure pulses in the turbine. The characteristics of the dominant unsteady flow frequencies in different parts of the pump turbine for various misaligned guide vane openings are investigated in detail. The predicted hydraulic performance and the pressure fluctuations show that the misaligned guide vanes reduce the relative pressure fluctuation amplitudes in the stationary part of the flow passage, but not the runner blades. The misaligned guide vanes have changed the low frequencies in the entire flow passage with the change of the pulse amplitudes mainly due to changes in the rotor-stator interaction and the low frequency vortex rope flow behavior.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51606050)Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2016M591527)+2 种基金Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(Grant No.LBH-Z16057)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.E2017038)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HIT.NSRIF.2019062)
文摘The use of reversible pump turbines(RPT) within pumped storage power plants goes with prolonged periods of off-design operating conditions, which leads to the onset of operating mode-dependent instabilities. In order to decrease the gravity of RPT flow instabilities and associated damages or even completely eliminate them, a deep understanding of its onset and development mechanism is needed. In line with this, the present study seeks to numerically investigate the onset and development mechanism of RPT unsteady flow structures as well as the evolutional characteristics of associated pressure pulsations throughout the RPT complete flow passage, under off-design conditions for three GVOs namely 17, 21, and 25 mm. The study results showed that low torque operating conditions and associated vaneless space back flow structures were the trigger of flow unsteadiness onset within the RPT vaneless space, the instabilities which grew to cause the S-shape characteristics appearance. Moreover, the runner flow unsteadiness was found to decrease with the GVO increase. On the other hand, the GVO increase worsened the pressure pulsation levels within RPT flow zones, where pressure pulsations within the vaneless space and flow zones in its vicinities were found to be the most sensitive to GVO changes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science of Foundation of China (Grant No. 50979095)
文摘The main goal of this work is to investigate the possible different flow patterns existing in pump turbine under off-design conditions in pump mode. Numerical simulations by solving the Navier-Stokes equation, coupled with the "SST k-ω" turbulence model, were carried out. Flow characteristics were assumed to be stalled in the appropriate region of ?ow rate levels of Q/QD=0.15–0.61. The simulation result was compared with experimental data and they showed good agreement. Consequently, velocity fields in three axial locations in stay vanes and guide vanes were analysed in details. It was shown that "jet-wake" flow pattern exists near the band, which changes little in the whole shape with flow rate increasing; to the middle location of vanes, reverse flow begins to appear on the interface between the runner and guide vanes, which will disappear gradually as the flow rate increases; massive reverse flow is captured near the crown, whose intensity will be weakened as the flow rate increases. Ultimately, it was found that the special head-flow profile can be ascribed to the special hydraulic loss characteristics of the stay vanes and guide vanes.
