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Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Show Variation in β-Lactamase Production and Are More Susceptible to Antibiotics Conjugated with β-Lactamase Inhibitors
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作者 Uzal Umar Umar Ahmed Faruk +1 位作者 Damoroem M. Tanko Mohammed B. Yerima 《Open Journal of Medical Microbiology》 2016年第4期143-149,共7页
β-Lactam antibiotics are a cornerstone in the treatment of bacterial infections on account of its high therapeutic index and selective toxicity—they act by inhibiting the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, a key compone... β-Lactam antibiotics are a cornerstone in the treatment of bacterial infections on account of its high therapeutic index and selective toxicity—they act by inhibiting the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, a key component in bacterial cell wall. Ninety (90) clinical specimens obtained from the microbiology unit Specialist Hospital Bauchi were screened for S. aureus, positive isolates were examined for β-Lactamase expression by using two Penicillin G concentrations (5000 IU/ml and 25,000 IU/ml) in acidometric agar technique with phenol red as indicator, and the susceptibility pattern of the isolates to β-Lactam antibiotics was also determined. S. aureus prevalence of 31% (28/90) was obtained, of which 96% (27/28) of strains were β-Lactamase positive in the standard test, while 63% (17/27) were able to hydrolyze penicillin G concentration of 25,000 IU/ml (5X the concentration in the standard test), and a strain was found to be β-Lactamase negative. The resistance to five β-Lactams, ampicillin, cephalexin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin and flucloxaillin, were 100%, 96%, 89%, 74% and 56% respectively. When ampicillin and amoxicillin were conjugated to β-Lactamase inhibitors sulbactam and clavulanic acid respectively the resistance to ampicillin decreased to 21% and to amoxicillin to 15%. The antibiotic susceptibility profile revealed β-Lactamase elaboration to be the major mechanism of resistance to the β-Lactams. β-Lactam utilization as therapeutic option would thus require the search for sensitive irreversible β-Lactamase inhibitors for the β-Lactamase enzymes or agents to block the release of β-Lactamase by strains. 展开更多
关键词 Β-LACTAMASE PEPTIDOGLYCAN transpeptidation HAEMOLYSIS Resistance ANTIBIOTICS
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