Predictive value of the trans-perineal three-dimensional ultrasound measurement of the pubic arch angle for vaginal delivery

BACKGROUND Numerous variables are linked to the success of vaginal delivery,including the subpubic arch angle(SPAA)during labor,the importance of which has not yet been fully elucidated.AIM To examine the SPAA distributional characteristics and to ascertain SPAA’s ability to predict the type and duration of labor.METHODS We determined the SPAA and analyzed the corresponding data.We also evaluated the relationship between the SPAA and the mode of delivery and the duration of labor by regression.The present study comprised a total of 301 pregnant women who had given birth at Beijing Tiantan Hospital of the Capital Medical University between January and December of 2021.RESULTS Our analysis of 301 pregnant women revealed that the SPAA measured using three-dimensional trans-perineal ultrasound had a minimum angle of 81°and a maximum angle of 122.2°.The angle in the normal vaginal delivery group was greater than that in the labor cesarean group(P=0.000).The SPAA was a highly significant positive predictor of normal vaginal delivery(P=0.000)with an area under the curve of 0.782(P=0.000;95%CI:0.717-0.848).We found the length of the second stage of labor to be positively influenced by the SPAA using linear regression analysis(P=0.045).CONCLUSION The SPAA was a highly significant positive predictor of normal vaginal delivery.The length of the second stage of labor and normal vaginal birth were predicted by SPAA.

Detection of Congenital Uterine Malformation by Using Transvaginal Three-dimensional Ultrasound

This study assessed the clinical application of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound （3D TVUS） in the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformation. A retrospective study was performed on 62 patients with congenital uterine malformation confirmed hysteroscopically and/or laparoscopically. The patients were subjected to transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound （2D TVUS） and 3D TVUS. The accuracy rate was compared between the two methods. The accuracy rate of 3D TVUS was （98.38%, 61/62）, higher than that of 2D TVUS （80.65%, 50/62）. 3D TVUS coronal plane imaging could demon- strate the internal shape of the endometrial cavity and the external contour of the uterine fundus. It al- lowed accurate measurement on the coronary plane, and could three-dimensionally show the image of cervical tube, thereby providing information for the diagnosis of some complex uterine malformation. 3D TVUS imaging can obtain comprehensive information of the uterus malformation, and it is superior to 2D TVUS for the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformations, especially complex uterine anomaly.

Clinical Value of Transperineal 3D Volume Ultrasound Combined with 2D High Frequency Ultrasound in Anal Fistula

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnostic value of transperineal volume ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound for anal fistula. Methods: A total of 52 patients with anal fistula admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to July 2018 were selected. They were all undergoing transperineal 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound examination, and the diagnosis results were analyzed. The results of ultrasonography and surgical pathology were compared. Results: Among 52 patients, 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound were used to diagnose 32 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 5 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 1 case of extra-sphincter type. T supervisor classification accuracy rate is 90%. The detection rate of branch pipes was 92%, and the compliance rate of internal fistula was 95%. Two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound was used to diagnose 34 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 4 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 0 cases of extra-sphincter type. The detection rate of branch canals was 42%, and the accuracy of type classification was 90%. The coincidence rate was 95%. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of the anal fistula branch and the coincidence rate of the internal fistula between the two methods (both P Conclusion: 1) The overall coincidence rate of three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of anal fistula is high;2) Three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound technology has great application prospects in infants and anal fistulas.

Sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy,and high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE）,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy（3-DCRT） and high-intensity focused ultrasound（HIFU）.From October,2005 to September,2010,120 patients with unresectable HCC received the sequential treatments of several courses of TACE followed in 2-4 weeks by 3-DCRT and then a single session of HIFU with a curative intent.The median tumor irradiation dose was 40 Gy.Tumor response,toxicity and overall survival rate were analyzed.Clinicopathologic factors affecting the primary technique effectiveness and overall survival rates were investigated by univariate analysis or multivariate analysis.All 120 HCC patients were followed up by the last follow-up time.Among these patients,hepatic toxicities due to treatment were notable in 9 cases.Gastrointestinal bleeding after the overall treatment occurred in 2 cases,leukopenia of grade III was detected in 1 case,radiation-induced liver disease（RILD） was observed in 2 patients,and first-and second-degree skin burn around the HIFU treatment zone were observed in 2 patients and 1 patient,respectively.Among 120 patients,23,83 and 14 cases achieved partial response,stable disease and progressive disease,respectively.The overall survival rates at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 70%,35% and 15%,respectively,with a median survival time of 26 months.Both Child-Pugh liver function grading and radiation dose were determined to be independent predictors for overall survival revealed by the multivariate analysis.It is concluded that the sequential therapy of TACE,3-DCRT and HIFU is a promising therapeutic regimen for unresectable HCC.

Current applications of transperineal ultrasound in gastroenterology

Transperineal ultrasound is an inexpensive,safe and painless technique that dynamically and non-invasively evaluates the anorectal area.It has multiple indications,mainly in urology,gynaecology,surgery and gastroenterology,with increased use in the last decade.It is performed with conventional probes,positioned directly above the anus,and may capture images of the anal canal,rectum,puborectalis muscle(posterior compartment),vagina,uterus,(central compartment),urethra and urinary bladder(anterior compartment).Evacuatory disorders and pelvic floor dysfunction,like rectoceles,enteroceles,rectoanal intussusception,pelvic floor dyssynergy can be diagnosed using this technique.It makes a dynamic evaluation of the interaction between pelvic viscera and pelvic floor musculature,with images obtained at rest,straining and sustained squeezing.This technique is an accurate examination for detecting,classifying and following of perianal inflammatory disease.It can also be used to sonographically guide drainage of deep pelvic abscesses,mainly in patients who cannot undergo conventional drainage.Transperineal ultrasound correctly evaluates sphincters in patients with fecal incontinence,postpartum and also following surgical repair of obstetric tears.There are also some studies referring to its role in anal stenosis,for the measurement of the anal cushions in haemorrhoids and in chronic anal pain.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Sirenomelia by Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Skeletal Imaging Ultrasound

Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween September 2010 and April 2014, a prospective study was conducted in a single referral center using 3D-SU1S performed after 2D-US in 10 cases of sirenomelia. Diagnostic accuracy and detailed findings were compared with postnatal three-dimensional helical computed tomography （3D-HCT）, radiological findings and autopsy. Pregnancy was terminated in all 10 sirenomelia cases, including 9 singletons and I conjoined twin pregnancy, for a total of 5 males and 5 females. These cases of sirenomelia were deter- mined by autopsy and/or chromosomal examination. Initial 2D-US showed that there were 10 cases of oligohydranmios, bilateral renal agenesis, bladder agenesis, single umbilical artery, fusion of the lower limbs and spinal abnormalities; 8 cases of dipus or monopus; 2 cases of apus; and 8 cases of cardiac abnormalities. Subsequent 3D-SUIS showed that there were 9 cases of scoliosis, l0 cases of sacrococ- cygeal vertebra dysplasia, 3 cases of hemivertebra, 1 case of vertebral fusion, 3 cases of spina bifida, and 5 cases of rib abnormalities. 3D-SUIS identified significantly more skeletal abnormalities than did 2D-US, and its accuracy was 79.5% （70/88） compared with 3D-HCT and radiography. 3D-SUIS seems to be a useful complementary method to 2D-US and may improve the accuracy of identifying prenatal skeletal abnormalities related to sirenomelia.

Transperineal core-needle biopsy of a rectal subepithelial lesion guided by endorectal ultrasound after contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A case report

BACKGROUND Rectal subepithelial lesions(SELs) are commonly seen in endoscopic examination, generally manifested as bumps with a smooth surface. Precise preoperative diagnoses for rectal SELs are difficult because abnormal tissues are not easily to be obtained by regular endoscopic forceps biopsy. Traditional guidance modalities of preoperative biopsy, including endoscopic ultrasound, computed tomography, and transabdominal ultrasound, are often unsatisfactory. An updated, safe, and effective biopsy guidance method is required. We herein report a new biopsy guidance modality—endorectal ultrasound(ERUS) combined with contrastenhanced ultrasound(CEUS).CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old woman complained of a mass inside the rectovaginal space for 9 years, which became enlarged within 1 year. A rectal SEL detected by endoscopy was suspected to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor or exophytic uterine fibroid. Pathological diagnosis was difficult because of unsuccessful transabdominal core needle biopsy with insufficient tissues, as well as vaginal hemorrhage. A second biopsy was suggested after multiple disciplinary treatment discussion, which referred to a transperineal core needle biopsy(CNB) guided by ERUS combined with CEUS. Adequate samples were procured and rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor was proved to be the pathological diagnosis. Imatinib was recommended for first-line therapy by multiple disciplinary treatment discussion. After the tumor shrunk, resection of the rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor was performed through the posterior vaginal wall. Adjuvant therapy was applied and no recurrence or metastasis has been found by the last follow-up on December 13, 2019.CONCLUSION Transperineal CNB guided by ERUS and CEUS is a safe and effective preoperative biopsy of rectal SELs yet with some limitations.

Three-dimensional psychological guidance combined with evidencebased health intervention in patients with liver abscess treated with ultrasound

BACKGROUND Liver abscess is a common clinical liver disease mainly caused by suppurative bacteria or amoebae,with early clinical signs of chills,high fever,jaundice,and other symptoms.Establishing its early diagnosis is difficult,which may lead to misdiagnosis.AIM To observe the effects of psychological guidance combined with evidence-based health intervention in patients with liver abscess treated with ultrasound.METHODS A total of 120 patients with bacterial liver abscess admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to February 2021 were selected and divided into groups according to their intervention plan.RESULTS After the intervention,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS),and quality of life scores(physical functioning,role physical,bodily pain,general health,vitality,social functioning,role emotional,mental health)were lower than before the intervention in the two groups.The observation group had lower negative sentiment,SPBS,and quality of life scores than the control group.In the observation group,31 and 24 patients had good and general compliance,respectively,with a compliance rate of 91.67%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group.The observation group had significantly lower total incidence of incision infection,abdominal abscess,hemorrhage,and severe abdominal pain than the control group.CONCLUSION Three-dimensional psychological guidance combined with evidence-based health intervention in treating liver abscess can reduce patients’burden and negative emotions,improve patient compliance and quality of life,and reduce complications.

Changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression

Objective:To study the changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression.Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Wuhan Red Cross Hospital between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the cervical cancer group, and the patients who received cervical biopsy and were diagnosed with stage I cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by pathological findings during the same period were selected as the control group. Before biopsy, three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography was performed to measure VI, FI and VFI;the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy as well as the biopsy tissues of control group were collected to measure the expression of proliferation genes, invasion genes and angiogenesis genes.Results: The VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2 gene (Piwil2), CyclinD1, N-Myc downstream regulated gene 3 (NDRG3), CXC chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), cathepsin-L (CAT-L), EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1), angiotensin (Ang)1, Ang2 and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy were all significantly higher than those of control group whereas the thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), Smac gene (Smac), large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1), reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) and plas minogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) mRNA expression levels in the tissues were all significantly lower than those of control group, and the VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group after chemotherapy were all significantly lower than those before chemotherapy whereas the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels were all significantly higher than those before chemotherapy;the VI, FI and VFI levels in cervical cancer tissues were positively correlated with the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels, and negatively correlated with the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels.Conclusion: The changes in the three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound parameters before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer can reflect the changes in proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis gene expression in the lesions.

Value of myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking

Objective:To investigate the value of two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(2D-STI)and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(3D-STI)in evaluating myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease.Methods 92 children with Kawasaki disease admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.50 children who underwent 3D-STI examination were taken as observation group and 42 children who underwent 2D-STI examination were taken as control group.The left ventricular systolic function index,storage time and analysis time of the image,the diameter of coronary artery,the strain difference of left ventricular basal segment,middle segment,apical segment and whole segment were observed.Results The levels of left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular myocardial mass(LVMI)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)between the two groups(P>0.05).The storage time and analysis time of the image in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The left coronary artery(LCA)and right coronary artery(RCA)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference between left anterior descending(LAD)in the two groups(P>0.05).The longitudinal peak systolic strain(LS),circumferential peak systolic strain(CS)and radial peak systolic strain(RS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The global longitudinal peak strain(GLS),global circumferential peak strain(GCS)and global radial peak strain(GRS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).LS and CS in the middle segment of the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with 2D-STI,3D-STI can objectively and accurately reflect the myocardial function of children with Kawasaki disease.

Correlation analysis of real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in diagnosis of left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and severity of liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis

Objective:To analyze the correlation between real-time three-dimensional ultrasound in diagnosis of left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and severity of liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: 90 patients with cirrhosis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in the cirrhosis group, and the cirrhosis components were group A, B and C according to the Child-Pauh classification criteria. During the same period, 90 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group;real-time three-dimensional ultrasonography was performed to examine left ventricular function and portal hemodynamic parameters;Pearson correlation was used to analyze left ventricular function, portal hemodynamics and liver. Functional severity relationship.Results: The left heart E and E/A levels in the cirrhosis group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the A level was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The Dpv and Q levels in the cirrhosis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the level of Vpv was significantly lower than that of healthy controls (P<0.05). There were significant differences in E, A and E/A levels between different Child-Paugh patients (P<0.05). There were significant differences in portal hemodynamics Dpv, Vpv and Q between the different Child-Paugh grades, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);left heart function E and E/A and liver function severity There was a significant negative correlation (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between left cardiac function A and liver function severity (P<0.05). Portal vein hemodynamics Dpv, Vpv and QE were significantly associated with liver function severity. Positive correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound can effectively detect left ventricular function and portal hemodynamics changes in patients with cirrhosis, and left heart function, portal hemodynamics and liver function severity are significantly correlated.

Antidiastole Value of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography and Power Doppler between Uterine Parenchyma Lumps and Endometrial Cancer:A Retrospective Study

Sometimes endometrial polyps,submucosal myomas,and endometrial cancer show similar findings under ultrasonography.The aim of this study was to assess the antidiastole value of blood flow parameters using three-dimensional(3D)power Doppler ultrasonography angiography(PDA)between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps.The data of the blood flow indices in 3D-PDA including the vascularization index(VI),flow index(FI),and vascularization flow index(VFI)in 40 patients with endometrial cancer and 41 patients with uterine parenchyma lumps(endometrial polyps and submucosal myomas)were retrospectively analysed and compared utilizing Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis(VOCAL)software.The results showed that all the blood flow parameters(VI,FI,VFI)were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those with uterine parenchyma lumps(P<0.001).The area under the curve of ROC of VI,FI,and VFI was 0.98,0.84,and 0.97,respectively.Thus,the best predictor of endometrial carcinoma was VI with a sensitivity of 97.0% and a specificity of 91.0%.The optimal cutoff value of VI was 4.06%.Our data demonstrated that all of the blood flow signal parameters(including VI,FI,and VFI)in 3D power Doppler ultrasonography had significant antidiastole values between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps to assist clinicians in properly diagnosing patients.

Three-dimensional imaging of the uterus:The value of the coronal plane

Advent in three-dimensional(3D) imaging technology has seen 3D ultrasound establish itself as a useful adjunct complementary to traditional two-dimensional imaging of the female pelvis. This advantage largely arises from its ability to reconstruct the coronal plane of the uterus, which allows further delineation of many gynecological disorders. 3D imaging of the uterus is now the preferred imaging modality for assessing congenital uterine anomalies and intrauterine device localization. Newer indications include the diagnosis of adenomyosis. It can also add invaluable information to delineate other endometrial and myometrial pathology such as fibroids and endometrial polyps.

Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in deep angiomyxoma using a biplane transrectal probe:A case report

BACKGROUND Deep angiomyxoma(DAM)is a very rare tumor type.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is considered the best imaging modality for diagnosing DAM.Computed tomography(CT)is used mainly to assess the invasion range of DAM.The value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of DAM is still controversial.Through a literature review,we summarized the current state of ultrasonic examination for DAM and reported for the first time the contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)features of DAM seen using a biplane transrectal probe.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old woman presented with a sacrococcygeal mass that had gradually increased in size over the previous 6 mo.MRI and CT examinations failed to allow a definite diagnosis to be made.Transperineal core needle biopsy(CNB)guided by transrectal ultrasound and CEUS was suggested after a multidisciplinary discussion.Grayscale ultrasound of the lesion showed a layered appearance with alternating hyperechoic and hypoechoic patterns.Transrectal CEUS showed a laminated distribution of the contrast agent that was consistent with the layered appearance of the tumor on grayscale ultrasound.We performed transperineal CNB of the enhanced area inside the tumor under transrectal CEUS guidance and finally made a definitive diagnosis of DAM through histopathology.The patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted transabdominal surgery combined with transperineal surgery for large pelvic tumor resection and pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction.No recurrence or metastasis was found at the ninemonth follow-up.CONCLUSION Transrectal CEUS can show the layered perfusion characteristics of the contrast agent,guiding subsequent transperineal CNB of the enhanced area within the DAM.

基于经会阴多模态超声的女性压力性尿失禁模型的构建与预测价值

目的基于经会阴多模态超声构建女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的预测模型并评估其预测价值。方法选取2020年9月至2022年9月华北理工大学附属医院收治144例女性SUI患者为SUI组,同期92名健康体检女性为对照组。分析女性SUI发生的影响因素,评估经会阴多模态超声指标对女性SUI发生的预测价值。结果SUI组年龄高于非SUI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SUI组膀胱颈下移距离、膀胱颈位置移动度、膀胱尿道后角(PUA)、肛提裂孔面积(LHA)、静息状态下耻骨直肠肌杨氏模量值(E_(1))高于非SUI组,最大缩肛状态下耻骨直肠肌杨氏模量值(E_(3))、最大缩肛状态下与静息状态下耻骨直肠肌杨氏模量值之差(ΔE)低于非SUI组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PUA、LHA、E_(1)、E_(3)、ΔE是女性SUI发生的影响因素(P<0.05),预测模型方程为:Logit(P)=0.151×PUA+0.602×LHA+0.814×E_(1)-0.154×E_(3)-0.147×ΔE-57.031。预测模型预测女性SUI发生的曲线下面积高于PUA、LHA、E_(1)、E_(3)、ΔE单独预测。结论经会阴多模态超声可以清晰、直观地反映女性SUI患者盆底结构的解剖及功能变化;预测模型的预测价值更高。

各期内痔动脉血供特性的临床研究

目的研究各期内痔动脉血供特点。方法采用经会阴多普勒超声分别对80例不同分度内痔患者(观察组)和20例志愿者(对照组)的痔供血动脉的血流量、管径大小进行检测。结果通过经会阴彩色多普勒超声手段,80例Goligher分度Ⅰ~Ⅳ度痔疮患者与20名健康志愿者进行比较。观察组痔疮动脉供血分支的平均管径为1.90±0.85 mm;明显大于对照组0.97±0.24 mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组痔疮供血动脉血流47.3±28.3 cm/s明显高于对照组15.6±5.0 cm/s,两组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论痔疮供血动脉管径和血流与内痔病情程度呈正相关。经会阴彩色多普勒超声有望成为内痔患者合理选择治疗方式的一种检测手段。

鲜益母草胶囊治疗经阴道分娩后合并盆底功能障碍产妇对盆底功能康复的效果

目的探讨经会阴三维超声评估经阴道分娩后合并盆底功能障碍(PFD)产妇应用鲜益母草胶囊对盆底功能康复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年7月于杭州师范大学附属医院经阴道分娩的130例产妇的临床资料,根据治疗方式不同分为研究组(口服鲜益母草胶囊联合盆底康复训练)、对照组(盆底康复训练),分别为70、60例,均进行3个月治疗。比较2组康复3个月后子宫脱垂与漏尿情况,静息状态下、缩肛动作时盆膈裂孔面积、左右径、前后径,生活质量及性功能水平与盆底肌力(Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌)。结果治疗3个月后,研究组子宫脱垂分度(Ⅱ度10例,Ⅰ度19例,无41例)和漏尿产妇比例[22/70(31.4%)]均低于对照组[(Ⅲ度6例,Ⅱ度12例,Ⅰ度24例,无18例),32/60(53.3%)](P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,对照组静息状态下及缩肛动作盆膈裂孔面积(13.0±2.0)cm^(2)、左右径(4.3±1.3)cm、前后径(4.3±1.1)cm均大于研究组[(9.2±1.3)cm^(2)、(3.0±0.7)cm、(3.1±1.0)cm](P均<0.05)。治疗3个月后,研究组女性性功能指标(FSFI)得分(19.2±2.1)分高于对照组(14.2±2.1)分,盆底功能障碍评估问卷(PFDI-20)得分(54.9±10.3)分低于对照组(62.6±10.8)分(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,研究组Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌力[(3.59±0.62)、(3.31±0.20)]均大于对照组[(3.02±0.23)、(3.03±0.82)](P<0.05)。结论口服鲜益母草胶囊联合盆底康复训练可改善经阴道分娩后合并盆底功能障碍产妇的盆底肌肉组织形态和功能,有效降低子宫脱垂严重程度,减少漏尿比例及子宫脱垂分度,改善产妇产后生活质量,提高性功能水平,可作为产后盆底功能恢复的治疗措施。

经会阴盆底超声在产后膀胱膨出诊断中的应用价值

目的分析经会阴盆底超声在产后膀胱膨出诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2022年3月至2023年5月在淄博市妇幼保健院超声科进行经会阴盆腔超声检查的87例产妇,其中30例产后膀胱膨出产妇为膀胱膨出组,57例无产后膀胱膨出的产妇为参照组。比较两组膀胱颈移动度与肛提肌裂孔面积,并分析诊断价值。结果膀胱膨出组膀胱颈移动度、肛提肌裂孔面积均大于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。膀胱颈移动度诊断的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.809,其灵敏度、特异度分别为80.00%、84.20%。肛提肌裂孔面积诊断的AUC为0.811,其灵敏度、特异度分别为76.70%、87.70%。结论经会阴盆腔超声检查可有效、直观地观察盆腔脏器变化,可为产后膀胱膨出提供诊断依据,并辅助明确膨出程度,具有临床应用价值。

双平面超声在经会阴前列腺穿刺活检中的应用及效果分析

目的探讨双平面与单平面超声在经会阴前列腺穿刺活检中的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2022年1月至2023年12月期间接受彩超引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检的107例患者,分成双平面彩超组(53例)及单平面普通彩超组(54例),观察比较两组患者的前列腺癌检出率、相关并发症的发生情况。结果经病理结果诊断,双平面组、单平面组前列腺癌检出率分别为30.2%(16/53)和27.8%(15/54),两组无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后双平面组、单平面组并发症发生率分别为15.1%(8/53)和16.7%(9/54),两组并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论双平面超声和单平面超声引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术都安全有效,两种穿刺方法对前列腺癌检出率相当。

经会阴盆底二维超声、实时三维超声在女性尿失禁及膀胱脱垂评估中的应用

目的 评估经会阴盆底二维超声、实时三维超声在女性尿失禁(UI)及膀胱脱垂中的作用。方法 选取2021年2月至2023年2月郑州市第七人民医院收治的60例UI及膀胱脱垂女性患者纳入观察组,另取同期体检盆底功能正常的60例女性纳入对照组,两组研究对象均接受经会阴盆底二维、实时三维超声检查,对比不同状态下盆膈裂孔前后径、横径、面积与肛提肌厚度,分析两种检查的诊断效能,分析对照组、UI及膀胱脱垂患者的超声图像特征。结果 与对照组比较,观察组静息、张力、缩肛状态下的盆膈裂孔前后径、横径、面积均大,肛提肌厚度小(P<0.05);与会阴盆底二维超声对比,实时三维超声对UI及膀胱脱垂的诊断准确度、敏感度、阴性预测值更高(P<0.05);两种检查方式对UI及膀胱脱垂的诊断特异度、阳性预测值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。盆底功能正常女性:Valsalva动作后,膀胱颈距膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘距离为12.6 mm,膀胱尿道后角为134.25°,尿道倾斜角为28.15°。UI超声图像特征:Valsalva动作之后,膀胱颈距膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘的距离为-15.1 mm,膀胱尿道后角为164.19°,尿道倾斜角为59.83°,尿道内口表现为“漏斗状”。膀胱脱垂超声图像特征:膀胱尿道膨出Valsalva后,膀胱颈距膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘距离为-6.9 mm,膀胱尿道后角为146.71°,尿道倾斜角为54.87°,尿道内口未见明显开放。孤立性膀胱膨出:Valsalva后膀胱颈距膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘距离为-10.0 mm,膀胱后壁最低点与膀胱颈与耻骨联合下缘的距离为-24.3 mm,膀胱尿道后角为82.52°,尿道倾斜角为108.55°。结论 与经会阴盆底二维超声相比,实时三维超声对女性UI及膀胱脱垂患者的诊断准确度、敏感度更高,且UI与膀胱脱垂患者的超声图像特征明显不同,实时三维超声的应用价值较高。