A Lagrangian-based flame index for the transported probability density function method

We propose a new flame index for the transported probability density function(PDF) method. The flame index uses mixing flux projections of Lagrangian particles on mixture fraction and progress variable directions as the metrics to identify the combustion mode, with the Burke-Schumann solution as a reference. A priori validation of the flame index is conducted with a series of constructed turbulent partially premixed reactors. It indicates that the proposed flame index is able to identify the combustion mode based on the subgrid mixing information. The flame index is then applied the large eddy simulation/PDF datasets of turbulent partially premixed jet flames. Results show that the flame index separate different combustion modes and extinction correctly. The proposed flame index provides a promising tool to analyze and model the partially premixed flames adaptively.

Using the Hg_xMg_(1-x)Te ternary compound as a room temperature photodetector: The electronic structure, charge transport, and response function of the energetic electromagnetic radiation

In the present work, firstly, a first-principles study of the structural, electronic, and electron transport properties of the HgxMg1-xTe（HMT） ternary compound is performed using the ABINIT package and the results are compared with Cd0.9Zn0.1 Te（CZT） as a current room-temperature photodetector. Next, the response functions of Hg0.6Mg0.4Te and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te under electromagnetic irradiation with 0.05 Me V, 0.2 MeV, 0.661 MeV and 1.33 MeV energies are simulated by using the MCNP code. According to these simulations, the Hg0.6Mg0.4Te ternary compound is suggested as a good semiconductor photodetector for use at room temperature.

罗沙司他治疗腹膜透析贫血疗效及对腹膜转运能力变化的影响

目的观察罗沙司他治疗腹膜透析贫血的疗效及其对腹膜溶质转运能力变化的影响。方法纳入新疆医科大学第五附属医院和新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2022年1月至2023年1月接受规律腹膜透析贫血的患者100例,随机分为试验组(55例)、对照组(45例),分别使用罗沙司他和促红素注射液治疗。比较治疗前后试验组和对照组的贫血指标、铁代谢指标、炎症指标、腹膜溶质转运能力。结果①治疗8周后,两组患者贫血情况均较治疗前改善(P<0.05)。试验组贫血治疗总有效率略高于对照组(87.04%vs.84.44%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②两组患者血清铁蛋白均低于100μg/L,转铁状态蛋白饱和度均>20%,血清铁浓度均处于正常范围,治疗前以及治疗后组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③治疗前后的C反应蛋白(CRP)中位数均处于正常范围内,但试验组治疗后水平增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。④两组患者腹膜溶质转运能力中位数水平较治疗前轻度增高(P<0.05),但两组患者腹膜转运能力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论罗沙司他可以在轻微炎症状态下有效改善腹膜透析患者血红蛋白水平,轻度增加患者腹膜溶质转运能力。罗沙司他与促红素注射液纠正贫血能力和影响腹膜溶质转运能力方面作用相当。

Electroosmotic Water Vapor Transport across Novel, Smart, Functionalized Conducting Polymer Microporous Membranes in Active Mode at Very High Rates, with Concomitant Chemical Warfare (CW) Agent Blocking

Electroosmotic water vapor transport (WVT) across very thin, flexible, functionalized conducting polymer (CP) microporous (μP) membranes at a very high rate is reported. Both passive and active (6 VDC applied) WVT are reported, the latter for the first time ever. WVT occurs with concomitant, effective blocking of chemical warfare (CW) agents, again demonstrated for the first time ever. Initial active liquid||membrane||liquid interface studies demonstrated WVT rates of >1.7 × 10-5g .mm-2s-1, >3 × the highest prior reported values of 5 × 10-6g.mm-2s-1. Subsequent vapor||membrane|| vapor interface studies using industry-standard methods (including ASTM E96B Upright Cup (“WVT”), ASTM F2298 (“Dynamic Moisture Permeation Cell”) and ASTM F1868 (“Sweating Guard Hotplate”) were done at independent, external labs for independent corroboration. These yielded, e.g., WVT values of2564.4 g.m2.d-1 (passive) and3706.7 g.m2d-1 (active), to be compared with the highest (passive) value ever reported previously,984.8 g.m2.d-1 for a μP-Nylon membrane. More than 15 different membrane configurations, porosities and types were studied, including membranes with CP + organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), an enzyme reactive to CW agents. Efficient blocking of the actual CW agents GB, HD, VX is also reported, using the TOP-8-2-501standard. Membranes also passed all Industry-standard durability tests, e.g. ASTM D2261 (Tearing), ASTM D5034 (Breaking), ASTM D3886 (Abrasion), ASTM F392 (Gelbo Flex). Incorporation into smart soldiers’ garments was demonstrated;power consumption was -2. Mechanisms of enhanced WVT and CW agent blocking in the membranes are discussed.

Oligomerization of drug transporters:Forms,functions,and mechanisms

Drug transporters are essential players in the transmembrane transport of a wide variety of clinical drugs.The broad substrate spectra and versatile distribution pattern of these membrane proteins infer their pharmacological and clinical significance.With our accumulating knowledge on the three-dimensional structure of drug transporters,their oligomerization status has become a topic of intense study due to the possible functional roles carried out by such kind of post-translational modification(PTM).In-depth studies of oligomeric complexes formed among drug transporters as well as their interactions with other regulatory proteins can help us better understand the regulatory mechanisms of these membrane proteins,provide clues for the development of novel drugs,and improve the therapeutic efficacy.In this review,we describe different oligomerization forms as well as their structural basis of major drug transporters in the ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier superfamilies,summarize our current knowledge on the influence of oligomerization for protein expression level and transport function of these membrane proteins,and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of oligomerization.Finally,we highlight the challenges associated with the current oligomerization studies and propose some thoughts on the pharmaceutical application of this important drug transporter PTM.

基于国内外实际案例的中运量公共交通功能定位分析

公共交通优先是交通强国建设的重要组成部分,相较于地铁昂贵的建设和运营费用,以及常规公交的低速,可靠性差等问题,中运量公共交通正受到越来越多的关注。文章通过巴黎和东京的实例,对照上海和北京等城市的相关线路,深入分析其功能定位及运营表现,揭示其背后的成功或失败原因。文章旨在为我国城市公共交通规划、设计与管理提供借鉴,推动中运量公共交通的健康发展。

Expression and Clinical Significance of Various Cytokines in Otitis Media

The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of cytokine transduction pathways. More and more studies have shown that relevant cell proliferation and inflammation progression pathways play a role in the development of otitis media, such as the Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway, which are involved in the proliferation of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media, which affects the mucosal cilia, motor function, Eustachian tube function, and the mucosal ciliary function. These studies provide new ideas for the treatment of otitis media and further explore the feasibility of immunotherapy in the future treatment of otitis media. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research progress on the expression of various cytokines in otitis media.

Simulating Transport Capacity, Delivery Speed, and Routing Efficiency to Predict Economic Growth

This study uses a simulation-based approach to investigate the impact of delivery delays due to constraints on transport capacity, transit speed, and routing efficiencies on an economy with various levels of interdependency among firms. The simulation uses object-oriented programming to create specialized production, consumption, and transportation classes. A set of objects from each class is distributed randomly on a 2D plane. A road network is then established between fixed objects using Prim’s MST (Minimum Spanning Tree) algorithm, followed by construction of an all-pair shortest path matrix using the Floyd Warshall algorithm. A genetic algorithm-based vehicle routing problem solver employs the all-pair shortest path matrix to best plan multiple pickup and delivery orders. Production units utilize economic order quantities (EOQ) and reorder points (ROP) to manage inventory levels. Hicksian and Marshallian demand functions are utilized by consumption units to maximize personal utility. The transport capacity, transit speed, routing efficiency, and level of interdependence serve as 4 factors in the simulation, each assigned 3 distinct levels. Federov’s exchange algorithm is used to generate an orthogonal array to reduce the number of combination replays from 34 to just 9. The simulation results of a 9-run orthogonal array on an economy with 6 mining facilities, 12 industries, 8 market centers, and 8 transport hubs show that the level of firm interdependence, followed by transit speed, has the most significant impact on economic productivity. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that interdependence and transit speed can explain 90.27% of the variance in the data. According to the findings of this research, a dependable and efficient regional transportation network among various types of industries is critical for regional economic development.

制造“想象之场”:网红旅行地的媒介凝视、地方想象和意义生产

媒介旅行已深度嵌入整体生活体验中,文化和旅游融合发展更是大势所趋。以电视剧《去有风的地方》为例,引入“想象之场”的概念,揭示“电视剧—新媒体—观众/游客”等多元主体如何呈现、想象和形塑大理这一网红旅行地的“实在性”“象征性”和“功能性”属性。研究发现,依托大理制造的“想象之场”,既是传统与现代相遇的“物理之场”,也是视觉与故事融合的“叙事之场”。它是理想乡村的想象性重建,呈现的是世相百态,折射的是平凡自我;它尝试消解社会的加速结构,疗愈焦虑的心灵,也吸引公众去往远方,在地打卡。在合力制造“想象之场”的循环过程中,公众媒介凝视的是其“实在性”,叙事运输后集体想象的是其“象征性”,两者最终为实现“功能性”服务。“想象之场”通过故事和想象强化大理的“精神乌托邦”意象,其中涌动着抵抗加速社会的力量,重塑青年群体的希望和韧性,更描绘出乡村振兴和文旅融合发展的美好蓝图。

基于QFD的危重新生儿转运救治质量提升方案构建研究

目的:基于质量功能展开模型(QFD),构建质量改进方案,为某医院危重新生儿转运救治工作质量提升提供参考。方法:收集质量提升需求并予层次化,利用层次分析法计算需求重要度,通过构建“质量提升需求-措施”质量屋计算质量措施重要度,确定质量提升措施优先级。结果:重要度前5位质量提升措施分别为完善管理工作方案、构建MDT会商协调机制、麻醉医师参与转运、组建内外科转运团队和更新转运救治工作流程。结论:质量功能展开模型可为危重新生儿转运救治管理提供有效的方法学参考。

非对称结构纤维膜的制备及其热调控性能

为获得在寒冷环境下可通过零能耗的方式使人体保持合适体温的织物,将浸渍法和静电纺丝法相结合,以二维过渡金属碳氮化合物(MXene)、聚多巴胺(PDA)、聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)为原料,棉织物(Fc)为基底,制备了二维过渡金属碳氮化合物黏附聚多巴胺-棉织物(MXene/PDA-C)为亲水层,PU纤维膜为疏水层的非对称结构(PU/MXene/PDA-C)纤维膜复合材料。借助扫描电子显微镜、液态水分管理仪、接触角测试仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪等对所制备的PU/MXene/PDA-C进行表征测试。结果表明:当疏水层静电纺丝时间为15 min时,非对称结构纤维复合膜的单向液体运输能力最好,具有优异的水蒸气透过率,可将人体皮肤的汗液快速导出;此外,MXene赋予非对称结构纤维复合膜出色的光热转化性能,在模拟太阳光照射下,与普通棉织物相比,能够升温约30℃。

滋阴运脾法治疗干燥综合征

目的观察滋阴运脾法联合西医治疗干燥综合征的临床疗效与对患者炎症因子及免疫功能的影响。方法选择干燥综合征患者80例,采用随机数表法分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组给予西医治疗,观察组在西医基础上联合滋阴运脾方中药治疗。检测2组外分泌腺指标、免疫球蛋白、补体及红细胞沉降率(ESR)、干扰素-α(IFN-α)、B细胞刺激因子(BAFF)蛋白水平,评估2组干燥综合征疾病自我感受(ESSPRI)评分、中医证候积分、干燥综合征疾病活动指数(ESSDAI)评分变化。结果与治疗前比较,2组治疗12周后唾液流量、自然唾液流率及左侧/右侧泪液分泌明显升高,观察组治疗12周后相关外分泌腺指标均高于对照组(P<0.05)。IgA、IgM、IgG及ESR、IFN-α、BAFF蛋白明显下降,观察组治疗12周后除IgM外其他指标均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗12周后C3、C4明显升高,观察组治疗12周后C3高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗12周后ESSPRI评分、中医证候积分、ESSDAI评分明显下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论滋阴运脾法联合西医治疗干燥综合征,可减轻患者症状,抑制炎症因子表达,改善免疫功能和外分泌腺功能。

因地制宜、乘势而上,打造海岛县城综合性城市节点——温州市洞头区同心广场交通旅游综合体策划研究

县城建设是新时代县域发展的核心部分。洞头是全国十四个海岛区县之一,人口规模小、建设空间有限、优质项目稀缺,如何利用有限的资源,实现长三角一体化背景下的“海上花园”定位,是它面临的重大发展挑战。同心广场是洞头目前为数不多的重点项目,如何利用这个机会,发挥超越项目本身的效用,为完善城市功能作出额外贡献,是进行本次策划研究的核心理念。本项目站在县域整体发展的角度,策划海陆交通、酒店住宿、综合商业、高端商务、文化展示、休闲娱乐等六大业态,因地制宜地将原本单一功能的客运中心提升为城市增量建设的综合性节点,进而发挥“引火柴”的效应,成为推动洞头高质量发展的活力引擎。这将为今后海岛县城应对新时代发展的复杂挑战、探索新型城镇化建设路径提供可资借鉴的经验。

哈密瓜物流堆码运输包装件共振传递特性研究

为优化设计缓冲包装件,以及减缓运输过程中由共振引起的哈密瓜贮藏品质下降,采用哈密瓜及其包装瓦楞纸箱作为研究对象,设置5层堆码高度,进行模拟运输变频振动试验,结合频谱分析加汉宁窗函数测定各堆码包装件的固有频率,随后进行模拟运输定频振动试验。结果表明,加汉宁窗函数有效提高了频谱分析精度,获得5层包装件的固有频率分别为9.88,54.75,10.06,10.31,10.42 Hz;10 Hz定频振动下,5层包装件的峰值加速度分别为5.99,3.18,6.37,6.56,6.81 g,振动传递率分别为53.61%,28.52%,57.07%,58.76%,61.02%;54.75 Hz定频振动下,5层包装件的峰值加速度分别为1.29,6.34,0.99,0.87,0.23 g,振动传递率分别为8.38%,45.04%,6.47%,6.04%,0.75%。研究为其他包装件寻求更精确的共振频率,从而为运输过程中有效避开共振频率,达到内装果品减损目的提供参考。

放牧干扰下荒漠草原植物功能群数量特征与输沙量的关系

[目的]分析放牧干扰下草地群落及功能群数量特征变化与草地土壤风蚀间的关系,阐明草地不同功能群对草地侵蚀过程的影响,为荒漠草原合理放牧利用及保护提供理论依据。[方法]以内蒙古短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,采取完全随机试验设计设置对照、中度和重度3个不同的放牧处理,对不同处理下的草地输沙量和功能群特征进行研究。[结果]①随放牧强度增加,各功能群内物种高度、盖度和地上生物量基本呈下降态势。适当放牧能显著提高Simpson优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数。②各放牧处理间的草地输沙量差异显著,不同输沙高度处的草地输沙量变化规律均为HG>MG>CK,同一放牧处理下,随输沙高度上升输沙率显著降低。③各功能群高度、盖度与输沙量均存在指数负相关关系,其中多年生禾草和多年生杂类草的高度变化对输沙量的影响更显著。各功能群的地上生物量与输沙量存在负相关指数关系,其中多年生禾草的生物量与输沙量的拟合程度最高。[结论]过度放牧会显著影响功能群特征并降低草地的防风固沙能力,建议放牧强度控制在中度及以下。

非共振能区连续能量确定论中子输运计算方法研究

为了分析核反应堆堆芯内相关物理量分布,需要利用数值方法求解中子输运方程。其中,概率论方法计算效率尚无法满足大型工程计算的需求;而确定论方法大都采用多群近似技术,需要制作专门的多群数据库、进行复杂的共振计算。为了消除确定论方法中的多群近似,本研究提出了基于函数展开的连续能量确定论中子输运计算技术。针对核反应微观截面在非共振能区的特点,建立了多项式基函数展开技术,恰当地刻画了中子在能量维度上的耦合特性,给出了中子通量密度和核反应率等物理量随中子能量的分布。本文详细介绍了非共振能区函数展开技术的理论模型、程序开发与验证。数值结果表明,该技术思路可行。

PEG干旱胁迫下甜高粱生理响应与抗旱性比较

本研究旨在探讨不同甜高粱品系在受到干旱胁迫时生理生态响应机制,并筛选出具有优良抗旱性的甜高粱恢复系。实验设计了4个不同浓度的PEG-6000水溶液:50、100、150、200 g/L,并以清水处理作为对照组,通过测量各处理组的发芽率、发芽势、胚芽长、胚根长、芽干重、根干重、干物质转运率等指标,评估了不同甜高粱品系的抗旱性能。研究结果显示,随着PEG浓度的增加发芽率、发芽势、胚根长、胚芽长、芽干重、根干重、干物质运转率整体均呈下降趋势,不同处理下品种2和品种7发芽势表现最好,浓度小于200 g/L处理下发芽势均未出现显著下降,在浓度达到200 g/L分别较对照下降11.5%、17.8%;品种7发芽率表现最好,20%的PEG浓度处理下较对照下降最少(5.6%);品种6胚根长表现最好,150 g/L处理下,胚根长较对照增长7.1%;品种3和品种4胚芽长表现最好,在100 g/L和150 g/L处理下胚芽长均是较对照降低最少。品种2干物质运转率表现最好,所有处理均较对照下降最少。可见不同甜高粱品系应对干旱胁迫的响应机制各有不同。综合分析表明,不同的甜高粱品系对干旱胁迫的适应机制存在差异。通过隶属函数进行综合评价,得出8个甜高粱品系的抗旱性排序为:品种3>品种7>品种4>品种6>品种2>品种5>品种8>品种1。这一结果为甜高粱的抗旱育种提供了重要的理论依据。

基于LES的射流火焰湍流辐射交互作用研究

在大涡模拟中,研究了亚格子湍流辐射交互作用(SGS-TRI)对Sandia Flame D和Flame 4D(Scaled Sandia flame D)辐射源项的影响。模拟中,采用概率密度函数输运方程(TPDF)湍流燃烧模型模拟湍流燃烧过程,球谐函数(P1近似)法、灰气体加权和模型(WSGGM)模拟辐射换热。采用湍流涡团光学薄脉动近似(OTFA)处理滤波吸收项,分别采用考虑和忽略SGS-TRI的方法求解滤波发射项。结果显示,SGS-TRI仅在辐射源项本身数值较小的区域对时均辐射源项有相对较大的影响(最大为25%);考虑和忽略SGS-TRI计算得到的时均温度以及CO_(2)浓度等径向分布基本重合(相对差别小于3%)。因此,亚格子湍流辐射交互作用对无碳烟湍流射流火焰(Flame D和Flame 4D)的影响较小。

鞣花酸对下石节长焰煤氧化自燃的阻化影响研究

为考察鞣花酸(EA)对煤氧化自燃过程的影响,首先将EA与陕西铜川下石节煤矿的长焰煤以2%、4%、6%、8%和10%的质量比均匀混合进行试验;然后采用显微红外光谱试验和激光导热试验研究各个样品的活性官能团含量情况和热输运特性,通过评价煤氧化自燃抑制效果,确定最优质量比为8%;最后利用煤自燃程序升温试验对比4种阻化剂对煤氧化自燃气体释放的影响情况,进一步确定EA对煤氧化自燃的阻化程度。结果表明:EA处理煤(EA-tc)中-CH_(3)、-CH_(2)、-OH和-C=O-的峰面积相较于原煤(RC)均减少,但C-O的峰面积增加;在相同煤温下,RC的热扩散系数和导热系数高于EA-tc,其比热容低于EA-tc,且8%EA对RC低温氧化过程的热扩散系数、比热容和导热系数的平均抑制率分别为20.8%、9.8%和13.1%;相比于RC,8%EA-tc的CO释放量在170℃时降低52.3%,且EA对煤氧化自燃的阻化率在30~170℃内保持在50.5%~72.5%,说明EA对煤氧化自燃的阻化效果比其他3种阻化剂更好。

陆地棉FAX家族的全基因组鉴定及GhFAX1的功能分析

【目的】脂肪酸转运蛋白(FAX)可介导植物细胞内脂肪酸从质体向外运输,在植物生长发育及响应非生物胁迫等方面发挥重要作用。研究陆地棉FAX家族基因及功能分析,为明确陆地棉油脂积累的分子机制和油脂代谢工程提供新思路。【方法】从全基因组水平对GhFAX基因家族进行鉴定,并对GhFAX1蛋白进行亚细胞定位,通过酵母与烟草遗传转化对GhFAX1进行功能验证。【结果】在陆地棉基因组中共鉴定到12个GhFAXs基因,家族各成员间具有相似的基因结构及蛋白理化性质。序列比对分析发现,GhFAX蛋白仅有少数氨基酸在进化中高度保守,暗示其对功能的重要性;进化树分析表明,GhFAXs基因与亚洲棉、雷蒙德氏棉的亲缘关系较近。转录组数据表明,GhFAXs可能参与陆地棉响应逆境胁迫的调控过程。通过实时荧光定量PCR发现,GhFAX4在花中表达较高,说明其参与花粉发育过程;GhFAX9在茎中表达较高,GhFAX1在陆地棉各个组织表达量均较高。选择GhFAX1进行亚细胞定位分析,证实GhFAX1定位在质体中。构建GhFAX1载体,使GhFAX1在酿酒酵母中过表达,结果显示,GhFAX1过表达酵母总脂提高了3.53%。底物偏好性试验显示,GhFAX1对C16:0具有选择性。通过烟草遗传转化,培育GhFAX1过表达烟草。结果显示,过表达烟草叶绿素提升了13.24%,荧光参数NPQ提高14.17%,Fm提高34.94%,F0降低35.28%;叶片总脂肪酸提高了5.2%,种子总脂肪酸提高了6.52%;种子的千粒重增加了近19.1%;同时蛋白含量显著下降。【结论】GhFAXs提高了酵母与烟草的含油量,参与质体中棕榈酸的转出,使蛋白合成途径上的碳源流向油脂合成途径。