Love Is Intensified by Absence- Book Review on "The Time Traveler's Wife"

In this paper,a review was finished according to a novel-"The Time Traveler's Wife".It use time travel to explore miscommunication and distance in relationships.A lot of knowledge could be obtained from the passage.

Denial of Sartre's Existentialism in The Time Traveler's Wife

By contrast with Sartre's existentialism,The Time Traveler's Wife depicts another humanistic world.Moreover,such things as meaning,reason,compensation and peace are indispensable in this world.

Changes in gut microbiota composition and diversity associated with post-cholecystectomy diarrhea

BACKGROUND Post-cholecystectomy diarrhea(PCD)frequently occurs in patients following gallbladder removal.PCD is part of the post-cholecystectomy(PC)syndrome,and is difficult to treat.After cholecystectomy,bile enters the duodenum directly,independent of the timing of meals.The interaction between the bile acids and the intestinal microbes is changed.Therefore,the occurrence of PCD may be related to the change in microbiota.However,little is known about the relationship between the gut microbiota and PCD.AIM To better understand the role of the gut microbiota in PCD patients.METHODS Fecal DNA was isolated.The diversity and profiles of the gut microbiota were analyzed by performing high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing.The gut microbiota were characterized in a healthy control(HC)group and a PC group.Subsequently,the PC group was further divided into a PCD group and a postcholecystectomy non-diarrhea group(PCND)according to the patients’clinical symptoms.The composition,diversity and richness of microbial communities were determined and compared.RESULTS In the PC and HC groups,720 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were identified.The PC group had fewer OTUs than the HC group.β-diversity was decreased in the PC group.This indicated decreased microbial diversity in the PC group.Fifteen taxa with differential abundance between the HC and PC groups were identified.In the PCD group compared to the PCND group,significant decreases in microbial diversity,Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio,and richness of probiotic microbiota(Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus),and an increase in detrimental microbiota(Prevotella and Sutterella)were observed.Moreover,a negative correlation was found between Prevotella and Bifidobacterium.Using a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional analysis,it was found that the abundances of gut microbiota involved in lipid metabolism pathways were markedly lower in the PCD group compared to the PCND group.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that gut dysbiosis may play a critical role in PCD,which provides new insights into therapeutic options for PCD patients.

猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒S蛋白多克隆抗体的制备及在检测该病毒感染中的应用

为制备猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒(SADS-CoV)纤突蛋白(S)的多克隆抗体(PAb),本研究经PCR扩增SADS-Co V S蛋白S1亚基C端结构域(S1-CTD)基因片段(384 bp),并将其克隆至原核表达载体p GEX-6p-1中,构建重组质粒p GEX-6p-1-S1-CTD,经双酶切和测序鉴定正确后,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,利用IPTG诱导表达,通过western blot鉴定重组S1-CTD蛋白(rS1-CTD)的表达及反应原性。结果显示,r S1-CTD以包涵体的形式表达,在40 ku处出现特异性条带。诱导表达后的r S1-CTD经不同浓度尿素重悬并超声离心,SDS-PAGE检测后切胶纯化,得到纯化的重组蛋白。利用BCA试剂盒测得蛋白的浓度为33μg/m L。将该重组蛋白乳化后经3次免疫新西兰大白兔,并在3免一周后采血,分离血清获得S1-CTD蛋白PAb。将SADS-Co V感染Vero E6细胞24 h后,以获得的兔PAb为一抗,分别采用western blot和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)检测该PAb的反应原性。Western blot结果显示,在约250 ku处出现特异性条带,而阴性对照组无该条带;IFA结果显示,SADS-Co V感染的细胞中出现绿色荧光,而阴性对照细胞无绿色荧光。将SADS-Co V感染仔猪的回肠组织制备病理切片,以制备的PAb为一抗,通过免疫组织化学(IHC)检测SADS-Co V的抗原。结果显示,该组织切片中出现棕色阳性信号,而阴性对照仔猪回肠组织切片则无该棕色信号。表明该PAb可与感染SADS-Co V的仔猪回肠组织中的相应抗原发生特异性免疫反应。综上所述,本实验制备的S1-CTD蛋白PAb具有良好的反应原性和免疫原性,可以用于western blot、IFA、IHC检测体内外SADS-Co V的感染,为后续SADS-Co V检测方法的建立及S蛋白生物学功能的研究奠定基础。

Effects of huoxiangzhengqi liquid on enteric mucosal immune responses in mice with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium induced diarrhea

AIM： To explore effects of huoxiangzhengqi liquid （HXZQ） on enteric mucosal immune responses in mice with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium induced diarrhea （BSD）. METHODS： BSD was induced in Balb/c mice by oral administration with Bacillus dysenteriae and Salmonella typhimurium. HXZQ was administrated from the day of diarrhea induction at dosages of 5.21 g/kg and 0.52 g/kg, respectively. The onset of diarrhea and lasting time were recorded. Peyer＇s patches and peripheral lymphocytes were prepared for flow cytometry, and levels of TNF-α in peripheral blood and enteric tissue homogenates were determined with ELISA. Student＇s t test was employed for statistics. RESULTS： Mice in BSD group started showing continuous diarrhea on the day of induction until the fourth day when they were sacrificed. Diarrhea in the mice of HXZQ high and low dose groups lasted for 36 and 54 h, respectively. There were more CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ cells in peripheral blood, fewer CD4^＋ cells in Peyer＇s patches in BSD mice compared to normal mice. Fewer CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ cells was shown in the mice in HXZQ high group compared to BSD mice. In Peyer＇s patch, there were more CD8^＋ cells in mice in HXZQ high and low dose groups and more CD4^＋ in mice in HXZQ high group. Higher levels of TNF-α in peripheral blood and intestinal tissue homogenates in BSD group were observed. Mice in HXZQ high group showed decreased levels of TNF-α in peripheral blood and enteric tissue homogenates. CONCLUSION： The immune regulation of CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ cells in Peyer＇s patch and suppression of TNF-α levels in enteric homogenates may partially explain the effect of HXZQ on improvement of BSD.

New insights into the pathogenesis of intestina dysfunction:secretory diarrhea and cystic fibrosis

INTRODUCTIONA major function of the intestinal epithelium is to controlthe amount of fluid entering into and being absorbed fromthe lumen.In healthy conditions,net fluid movementfollows an absorptive vector,although significant secretionalso takes place to subserve digestive function.Thus。

REMARK ON CRITICAL SPEED OF TRAVELING WAVEFRONTS FOR NICHOLSON'S BLOWFLIES EQUATION WITH DIFFUSION

This note is devoted to the son＇s blowflies equation with diffusion, a critical speed of traveling waves, we give behavior with respect to the mature age study on the traveling wavefronts to the Nicholtime-delayed reaction-diffusion equation. For the a detailed analysis on its location and asymptotic

Postoperative diarrhea in Crohn's disease:Pathogenesis,diagnosis,and therapy

Diarrhea is a frequent symptom in postoperative patients with Crohn’s diseases(CD),and several different mechanisms likely account for postoperative diarrhea in CD.A targeted strategy based on a comprehensive understanding of postoperative diarrhea is helpful for better postoperative recovery.

The Treatment of Children's Diarrhea with Massage and Acupunture in 58 cases

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2016年~2022年福建地区猪流行性腹泻病毒S基因的遗传变异分析

为了解2016年~2022年福建地区猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)流行现状及遗传变异情况,本研究对从福建地区采集的231份疑似猪流行性腹泻(PED)发病仔猪病料样品经RT-PCR进行PEDV的检测,选取不同地区22份PEDV阳性样品经PCR扩增S基因并测序,采用MegAlign分析PEDV S基因及其编码氨基酸序列的相似性,采用MEGA7.0软件构建其系统发育树,采用MegAlign分析S基因编码氨基酸序列的分子特征,分别利用RDP4、SimPlot、MEGA7.0软件进行S基因的重组分析,并利用BEAST软件进行该基因分歧时间估算。结果显示,福建地区PEDV总阳性率为51.51%(119/231),福建5个不同地区PEDV阳性率为40.00%~63.16%。从22份PEDV阳性样品中获得19条PEDV S基因序列,全长4149 bp~4161 bp,共编码1382 aa~1386 aa,19株PEDV S基因序列及其编码氨基酸序列之间相似性分别为94.4%~100%和93.8%~100%。19株PEDV S基因系统发育分析结果显示,其中18株PEDV属于GIIb亚型,1株属于GIb亚型。S蛋白氨基酸序列分析结果显示,与经典疫苗株CV777相比,18株GIIb亚型PEDV S蛋白的氨基酸序列在aa55~aa56、aa135~aa136和aa155~aa156处存在插入与缺失,具有典型的PEDV变异株的分子特征;其中14株还出现了独特的aa1193缺失。与GII型疫苗株AJ1102相比,19株PEDV S1区氨基酸突变率为60.00%~83.82%,其中18株GIIb亚型PEDV S1区氨基酸突变位点中有10个位于S蛋白重要结构域;基因重组分析结果显示,有3株PEDV S基因存在重组事件,其中FJLY01-2018株由GD-B株和CH-S株重组而来,FJLY02-2018株由CH/HNPJ/2017株和PEDV4-S-3株重组而来,FJLY03-2022株由PEDV-1931-1-Valladolid-Molpeceres株和HUA-M17株重组而来;S基因分歧时间估算结果显示,福建地区GIIa亚型、GIIb亚型、GIa亚型及GIb亚型PEDV的最早分歧时间约为1995年、2009年、2010年和2011年。上述结果表明福建地区PEDV流行率较高,田间流行株基因型具有多样性,且存在重组现象,临床上应予以高度重视。本研究为福建地区PED的流行病学调查及免疫防控提供了参考。

Analysis of Satire in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels

As one of Jonathan Swift masterpieces, Gulliver's Travels chronicles Lemuel Gulliver's four odd voyages in the form of a travel log. With sharp satire, Swift ridicules vices of England and the whole Europe in the early 18th century. The article ana lyzes the art and specific usage of satiric techniques in Gulliver's Travels.

Obeticholic acid for severe bile acid diarrhea with intestinal failure:A case report and review of the literature

Bile acid diarrhea results from excessive amounts of bile acids entering the colon due to hepatic overexcretion of bile acids or bile acid malabsorption in the terminal ileum. The main therapies include bile acid sequestrants, such as colestyramine and colesevelam, which may be given in combination with the opioid receptor agonist loperamide. Some patients are refractory to conventional treatments. We report the use of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid in a patient with refractory bile acid diarrhea and subsequent intestinal failure. A 32-year-old woman with quiescent colonic Crohn's disease and a normal terminal ileum had been diagnosed with severe bile acid malabsorption and complained of watery diarrhea and fatigue. The diarrhea resulted in hypokalemia and sodium depletion that made her dependent on twice weekly intravenous fluid and electrolyte infusions. Conventional therapies with colestyramine, colesevelam, and loperamide had no effect. Second-line antisecretory therapies with pantoprazole, liraglutide, and octreotide also failed. Third-line treatment with obeticholic acid reduced the number of stools from an average of 13 to an average of 7 per 24h and improved the patient's quality of life. The fluid and electrolyte balances normalized. The effect was sustained during follow-up for 6 mo with treatment at a daily dosage of 25 mg. The diarrhea worsened shortly after cessation of obeticholic acid. This case report supports the initial report that obeticholic acid may reduce bile acid production and improve symptoms in patients with bile acid diarrhea.

PEDV、TGEV与PDCoV S蛋白表位基因三联疫苗的构建及其鉴定

[目的]构建一种同时预防猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)和猪德尔塔冠状病毒(PDCoV)的三联表位疫苗,以预防上述病原导致的猪的相关疾病。[方法]本研究运用免疫信息学在线软件对3种猪肠道冠状病毒(SeCoVs)的S蛋白B、T细胞表位进行预测分析,构建新的表位肽段,命名为PPT,通过ExPASy、VaxiJen、TMHMM、SOPMA、SOLpro和AlphaFlod2等在线软件对PPT进行生物信息学分析,并利用C-IMMSIM在线软件对其免疫反应进行模拟。通过T2A将PPT与PEDV的COE序列、TGEV的SAD序列及PDCoV的CTD序列连接并构建至真核表达载体pEGFP-N1,经PCR和双酶切鉴定正确后,将获得的重组质粒转染HEK293A细胞,经DAPI染色、CCK8、RT-PCR及Western blotting试验验证重组质粒在体外表达情况。[结果]构建的表位蛋白PPT由17条表位肽段组成,经生物信息学软件分析,该蛋白为非跨膜蛋白,结构稳定,具有抗原性和可溶性,亲水性高,无过敏性。C-IMMSIM结果显示,PPT能引起机体树突状细胞(DC)增加,B、T细胞免疫反应,刺激免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM和细胞因子γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平升高。重组质粒经PCR和双酶切鉴定结果显示,分别在3359、2375、1064、944、764和467 bp出现特异性目的条带,与预期相符;重组质粒转染HEK293A细胞后,可见绿色荧光;RT-PCR扩增分别在3359、2375、1064、944、764和467 bp处获得与目的基因大小相符的条带;CCK-8检测结果表明,重组质粒对细胞均无明显毒性作用;Western blotting检测结果显示,分别在31.7、16.1、37.9和27.5 ku处出现与目的蛋白分子质量大小一致的条带,重组质粒成功在HEK293A细胞中表达。[结论]本研究基于计算机软件分析设计的PPT表位蛋白成功构建三联疫苗,且在体外表达,为评价PEDV-TGEV-PDCoV三联表位疫苗的免疫效果提供依据。

China’s National Image in Western Travel Writings in the Age of Discovery

Western travel writings about China provided material driving and theoretical guidance for the Age of Discovery, and became the main spiritual motive of the Westerners voyage to the East. In the Age of Discovery, the image of China in the eyes of Western envoys, merchants and missionaries begun to fade away from traditional mythological and psychedelic colors, and the image of cultural elements such as material, spirit and history become clear. These Western travelers tried to shape the image of China as a state of civilization and wisdom, a state of moral order, and a state of wealth and power. On the basis of the continued description of the kingship and wealth of the Middle Ages, they constructed an overall image of China as a powerful state of civilization and wealth, thus forming a new frame of reference for cognition of China.

Pointwise Estimates on Travelling Wave Solution of the Scalar Viscous Conservation Laws

This paper research on the pointwise behavior of perturbations from a viscous shock solution to a scalar viscous conservation law by introducing an approximate Green’s function. The authors obtain not only the pointwise decay of the perturbation and but also the high derivative of it. Stability in anyL(p≥1) norm is a direct consequence.

Traveling Wavefronts on Reaction Diffusion Systems with Spatio-Temporal Delays

By using Schauder’s Fixed Point Theorem, we study the existence of traveling wave fronts for reaction-diffusion systems with spatio-temporal delays. In our results, we reduce the existence of traveling wave fronts to the existence of an admissible pair of upper solution and lower solution which are much easier to construct in practice.

Observations and modelling of the travel time delay and leading negative phase of the 16 September 2015 Illapel,Chile tsunami

The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase(LNP)were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel,Chile by examining the wave characteristics from the tsunami records at 21 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami(DART)sites and 29 coastal tide gauge stations.The results revealed systematic travel time delay of as much as 22 min(approximately 1.7%of the total travel time)relative to the simulated long waves from the 2015 Chilean tsunami.The delay discrepancy was found to increase with travel time.It was difficult to identify the LNP from the near-shore observation system due to the strong background noise,but the initial negative phase feature became more obvious as the tsunami propagated away from the source area in the deep ocean.We determined that the LNP for the Chilean tsunami had an average duration of 33 min,which was close to the dominant period of the tsunami source.Most of the amplitude ratios to the first elevation phase were approximately 40%,with the largest equivalent to the first positive phase amplitude.We performed numerical analyses by applying the corrected long wave model,which accounted for the effects of seawater density stratification due to compressibility,self-attraction and loading(SAL)of the earth,and wave dispersion compared with observed tsunami waveforms.We attempted to accurately calculate the arrival time and LNP,and to understand how much of a role the physical mechanism played in the discrepancies for the moderate transoceanic tsunami event.The mainly focus of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each secondary physical effect to the systematic discrepancies using the corrected shallow water model.Taking all of these effects into consideration,our results demonstrated good agreement between the observed and simulated waveforms.We can conclude that the corrected shallow water model can reduce the tsunami propagation speed and reproduce the LNP,which is observed for tsunamis that have propagated over long distances frequently.The travel time delay between the observed and corrected simulated waveforms is reduced to<8 min and the amplitude discrepancy between them was also markedly diminished.The incorporated effects amounted to approximately 78%of the travel time delay correction,with seawater density stratification,SAL,and Boussinesq dispersion contributing approximately 39%,21%,and 18%,respectively.The simulated results showed that the elastic loading and Boussinesq dispersion not only affected travel time but also changed the simulated waveforms for this event.In contrast,the seawater stratification only reduced the tsunami speed,whereas the earth’s elasticity loading was responsible for LNP due to the depression of the seafloor surrounding additional tsunami loading at far-field stations.This study revealed that the traditional shallow water model has inherent defects in estimating tsunami arrival,and the leading negative phase of a tsunami is a typical recognizable feature of a moderately strong transoceanic tsunami.These results also support previous theory and can help to explain the observed discrepancies.

The Ethics of Touch in Women Travellers＇ First Encounters With Foreign Ethnicities

This paper compares 18th and 19th century travelogues written by women and men travelling the cultural contact zones of the empire, as well as fictional recreations of such first encounters. A juxtaposition of the writers＇ reaction to the dynamics of gazing and the ethics of touch yields surprising results. Many women travellers have no problem to acknowledge the reciprocity of the gaze, accepting, as a matter of course, that the objects of their ethnological interest will gaze at them in return. In comparison, male travellers often exhibit unease at becoming an object of appraisal and observation. Even more interestingly, male travellers often shy away from haptic contact with members of the indigenous population, whereas many （though not all） women are more tolerant of touch and proximity. Regarded as ＂unwomanly＂ by their contemporaries, they carved out for themselves roles which allowed for a more intimate interaction with foreign ethnicities; also, they wrote in different genres--private memoirs instead of official reports. But even in their （semi） fictional writings male authors seem to imagine inter-cultural encounters in different terms from women and tend not let their protagonists enter into close bodily contact with the indigenous population.

Travelling Waves: Interplay of Low to High Reynolds Number and Tan-Cot Function Method to Solve Burger’s Equations

We study the nonlinear parabolic equations for travelling wave solutions of Burger’s equations. The purpose of the present work is to study various types of Burger’s equations describing waves and those are based on nonlinear equations. We focus on to describe the analytic solution in the special pattern of travelling wave solutions using tan-cot function method. We discuss about inviscid and viscous version of Burger’s equation for fluid flow and investigate the effects of internal friction of a fluid via Reynolds number. By changing the velocity amplitude, the nature of flows with shock wave and disturbance are observed. For numerical solutions, the Crank-Nicolson scheme is introduced to establish the wave solutions.

基于线性密集台阵的2023年甘肃积石山M_(S)6.2地震断层低速带研究

2023年12月18日,甘肃省积石山县发生M_(S)6.2逆冲型地震。该地震发生在祁连活动地块拉脊山北缘断裂带,在断裂两侧曾发生过20余次5级左右中强地震,地震活动频次高,因此研究拉脊山断裂带特征具有重要意义。根据拉脊山断裂走向和此次地震余震分布,在刘集乡布设一条线性密集台阵,利用不同方位的余震事件计算体波的走时延时和放大效应。结果表明,P波和S波分别存在6个采样点(约0.012 s)和15个采样点(约0.03 s)的走时延时,推断出台阵西侧存在一个约150 m宽近似垂直的断层低速带,且该结果与远震P波相似性系数矩阵结果一致。