Compressive and Flexural Strengths of Cement Stabilized Earth Bricks Reinforced with Treated and Untreated Pineapple Leaves Fibres

This study compares the effect of treated pineapple leaves fibres (T-PALF) with sodium hydroxide solution and untreated fibres (N-PALF) on the compressive and flexural strength of earth bricks stabilized with 3% and 5% cement. The fibre content ranged from 0% to 5% in steps of 1% by weight. The compressive strength tests were made at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of curing;the flexural strength test were conducted at 28th day only. The results show that the T-PALF had a higher compressive strength when comparing to the N-PALF. The highest compressive strength of the bricks was obtained at 28 days of curing. The compressive strength at 28 days of stabilized brick at 3% and 5% of cement reinforced with T-PALF were 4.01 and 4.81 MPa, respectively, while the one reinforced with N-PALF was 3.19 and 4.63 MPa, respectively. The results further show that the highest flexural strength of both stabilized bricks at 3% and 5% of cement reinforced with T-PALF and N-PALF was obtained with the bricks stabilized with 5% of cement reinforced with T-PALF. This results show that bricks stabilized with 5% cement and reinforced with 3% of treated fibres content are good for construction of load bearing walls. It was observed;a significant improvement of the reinforced blocks under flexure than under compression.

ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND EXPLORATION OF ACUPUNCTURE MANIPULATIONS

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a com-mon and frequently occurring disease.Sinceits cause has not been made clear in modernmedicine,so far there is no ideal remedy forthe disease.At present,medicines of firstand second choice may control or relieve thesymptoms to some extent.They produceside-effects however that prevent

Predictors of Non-Adherence to Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy among Expectant and Breastfeeding Women Receiving Care through Test and Treat Model in Lusaka

Introduction: To achieve viral suppression and reduce vertical transmission of HIV, more than eighty percent of pregnant or breastfeeding women in Zambia have been started on combined ART using the Test and Treat model. However, Chawama First Level Hospital in Lusaka had records which showed that 32 percent of pregnant or breastfeeding women were non-adherent to combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART). Method: A mixed-method study was conducted to establish predictors of non-adherence to cART by women in the Test and Treat model of care. For the quantitative component, 92 consenting Pregnant and breastfeeding women were randomly drawn from ART defaulter register and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to improve predictive power and control for confounders. Quantitative Results: The mean age was 28years. The study established that housewives were 84 percent less likely to be non-adherent [AOR 0.16;95% CI 0.12, 0.36] compared to women who were formally employed with a statistically significant P-value of 0.04. Pregnant or breastfeeding women who were several months away from home were 84.9 percent more likely to be non-adherent [AOR 15.11;95% CI 13.9, 16.4] compared to women who had travelled away from home for several days. The associated P-value was 0.03. The study also established that pregnant and breastfeeding women who were counselled in individually enclosed units were 91 percent less likely to be non-adherent compared to those who were counselled in an open space as a group [AOR 0.09;95% CI 0.02, 0.53] with an associated P-value of 0.01. Conclusion: The study established that predictors of non-adherence to cART among pregnant and breastfeeding women were: being a working-class client;being away from home or usual clinic for several months;being counselled in open spaces, and negative staff attitude. Therefore, researcher can conclusively say that predictors of non-adherence to cART can be solved by training and re-training of health workers in Patient-Centred Care Model for effective patient engagement. Women should be counselled in private rooms. Furthermore, an improvement in patient’s tracking system by the use of smart-care-cards for pregnant and breastfeeding women countrywide can reduce patient’s non-adherence to cART.

Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Cross-Layer Scheduling in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Due to the fading characteristics of wireless channels and the burstiness of data traffic,how to deal with congestion in Ad-hoc networks with effective algorithms is still open and challenging.In this paper,we focus on enabling congestion control to minimize network transmission delays through flexible power control.To effectively solve the congestion problem,we propose a distributed cross-layer scheduling algorithm,which is empowered by graph-based multi-agent deep reinforcement learning.The transmit power is adaptively adjusted in real-time by our algorithm based only on local information(i.e.,channel state information and queue length)and local communication(i.e.,information exchanged with neighbors).Moreover,the training complexity of the algorithm is low due to the regional cooperation based on the graph attention network.In the evaluation,we show that our algorithm can reduce the transmission delay of data flow under severe signal interference and drastically changing channel states,and demonstrate the adaptability and stability in different topologies.The method is general and can be extended to various types of topologies.

INTERFACE AND PROPERTIES OF ALKALI-TREATED CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITES

The surface of carbon fibre is studied which has been treated with heated sodium hydrate solution (NaOH) . It is found that the surface of carbon fibre is not corroded during the treatment. But at the same time, it is also found that after this treatment, a certain number of carbonyl groups (C O) and (-COOH or ?COONa) are produced on the treated surface of carbon fibre. When carbon fiber is mixed with cement paste, the above reactive groups will link with Ca+2 in the paste, which will result in an early stage hydration of cement in inter facial areas. In addition, the experiments show that the rheological properties of cement paste reinforced with alkali-treated carbon fibre differ greatly from that of untreated carbon fibre reinforced cement paste.

木质素纤维增强型透水性沥青稳定碎石疲劳研究

为提高增强型透水性沥青稳定碎石(asphalt treated permeable base,ATPB)的抗裂性能和耐久性,以SBS改性沥青为胶结材料配制掺入木质素纤维的ATPB混合料——纤维增强型透水性沥青稳定碎石(fiber asphalt treated permeable base,FATPB),并制作不同木质素纤维掺量的FATPB-25梁式试件进行不同应力比下的四点弯曲疲劳试验。将木质素纤维掺量为0.3%的FATPB-25与普通的AC-25、ATB-25的疲劳性能进行对比分析,探究考虑失效概率的应力比与纤维掺量对疲劳寿命的影响。研究结果表明:纤维掺量为0.3%的FATPB-25的抗疲劳性能明显比普通的AC-25和ATB-25的高,可用作耐久型的透水性下面层或柔性基层;通过包含失效概率的双对数方程可以对FATPB-25的疲劳寿命进行预测。

基于数据挖掘的朴炳奎治疗大肠癌术后用药规律研究

目的研究全国名中医朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后患者用药规律。方法收集朴炳奎教授在中国中医科学院广安门医院和北京颐庆堂中医诊所2002年1月1日-2022年2月28日大肠癌术后患者的门诊电子和纸质医案资料,运用R4.2.1对大肠癌术后患者处方进行高频药物、药物类型、中药性能、药物阴阳五行和用药剂量,以及多味药关联性用药的规律研究。结果共纳入大肠癌术后患者642例,涉及2226诊次处方、180味中药、总频次为39988。高频药物为黄芪、麸炒枳壳、山药等,药物功效多为补虚药、消食药等;中药药性多用温、平,药味以甘、辛、苦为多,主归脾经、胃经,常用升浮药,药物基本无毒;补阳药使用频率高,五行常用属土药;药物剂量多为10、15、20 g。多味药关联性复杂网络分析和聚类分析得出朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后基础方为黄芪、麸炒枳壳、山药、盐益智仁、陈皮、土茯苓、太子参、麸炒白术。结论朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后重在扶正培本,顾护脾胃,兼顾清热解毒、祛湿化痰、导滞散瘀,辨证施治,补中益气,调畅气机,从而达到“治中焦如衡”,以平为期。

名中医吴万垠基于“辨病-辨证-辨症”思想治疗老年性肺结节经验

老年肺结节患者是肺癌的高危人群之一。吴万垠教授辨治肺结节以“辨病-辨证-辨症”思想贯穿诊治始终,结合老年患者五脏俱虚、本虚标实特点,辨病以调理“肺-脾-肾”中轴为法,尤其注重固护脾土,辅以解毒抑瘤药物,辨证选用化痰祛瘀药物,并根据症状辅佐宽胸散结、行气止痛、解郁安神等药物,思路周全,临床疗效甚佳。

基于“三焦分消”理念分析三仁汤“异病同治”治疗溃疡性疾病的临证思路

溃疡性疾病是临床中的常见病、多发病,亦是中医优势病种之一。异病同治是中医辨证论治的精髓,其核心是“证同则治同,证异则治异”,若不同的疾病在发展过程中,出现了相同的病机与证候,即可采用同一方法进行治疗。三仁汤是治疗温病湿热证的代表方剂,可通过宣上、畅中、渗下将湿热之邪由三焦分消走泄而去。溃疡性疾病包括口腔溃疡、胃溃疡、溃疡性结肠炎等病,临证之际,“有是证用是方”,若疾病证属湿热蕴结,投以三仁汤治之,疗效颇佳。从疾病“异病同治”的角度出发,基于“三焦分消”理论初步探讨三仁汤在溃疡性疾病中的临床运用,以期为溃疡性疾病的临床治疗提供参考。

融汇黄河文化:齐鲁正骨流派的学术特色与发展

黄河文化倡导天人合一理念,强调人与自然和谐共处的重要性,对齐鲁正骨流派的形成和发展产生了深远影响。齐鲁正骨流派经过三代人的传承和发展,形成了独特的治疗理念和技术体系。流派重视整体观念、气血辨治,强调局部修复与整体调理并举,秉持固本祛邪的治疗理念,擅长运用滋补肝肾、强化筋骨、滋养气血、活血祛瘀、通经止痛的治疗方法,创立了“调线-牵引-整复”方法用于骨折治疗,归纳出关节脱位十大技法,整复关节内部骨折讲究手法细腻柔和,注重中西医结合,形成了周密完备的调护体系。流派在教学培养模式上坚持传统与现代相结合、理论与临床结合,人才传承结构合理,积极推广特色技术,促进了基层及社区正骨技术水平的提高。

国医大师何任提倡“十二字抗癌法则”论治恶性肿瘤

国医大师何任教授长期从事恶性肿瘤的中西医结合治疗,提出“不断扶正、适时祛邪、随证治之”的十二字抗癌法则。“不断扶正”指扶助正气要贯穿在肿瘤治疗的全过程,强调首先要恢复脾胃的纳化功能;“适时祛邪”指在患者正气恢复后,可以配合应用具有祛邪(抗癌)作用的中药,做到“祛邪不伤正,扶正助祛邪”;“随证治之”意在随肿瘤患者中医证候的变化,灵活应用相应的药物来处理出现的证候。临床实践表明,运用该法则治疗肿瘤,可增强抗癌药物的疗效、减少其毒副反应、改善癌症患者的生活质量、延长其生存期、延缓肿瘤复发与进展等,为临床辨治恶性肿瘤提供了重要理论基础。

方朝晖教授运用清渗宣消补法治疗痤疮经验总结

痤疮是一种好发于青少年的临床常见皮肤病,有严重的损容性,对青少年的心理及生活产生极大的危害。中医学对痤疮的病因病机及辨证治疗有独特的见解及优势。方朝晖教授治疗痤疮临床经验丰富,认为痤疮发于情志失调,始于肝气郁结,可累及五脏终致正气亏虚,故在总结前人治疮三法“消、托、补”的基础上,创新性地提出“清、渗、宣、消、补”五法,对消除痤疮,恢复正气,具有明显的疗效。

固废磷石膏基纤维增强水泥板制备及环保性能分析

研究旨在探讨利用预处理改性固废磷石膏(SWC)部分替代水泥,结合木质纤维、POM(Polyoxymethylene,聚甲醛)纤维、水泥和细砂,基于流浆法工艺制备固废磷石膏基纤维增强水泥板,进一步分析不同预处理改性磷石膏掺量(10%、20%、30%、40%)对纤维增强水泥板的物理、力学和环保性能的影响。实验结果表明,纤维增强水泥板的物理性能,如密度和吸水率,受到预处理改性磷石膏引入的影响较小。随着SWC掺量增加饱水抗折强度总体呈下降趋势,掺量在0~20%区间时影响并不明显,即便不掺入POM纤维,其3 d抗压强度仍可达到4.16MPa,满足A类和B类R1级纤维水泥板强度4 MPa的要求。加入适量POM纤维(1%)可以明显增加纤维增强水泥板强度。此外,制备过程中纤维增强水泥板CO_(2)排放量减少约20%,二氧化硫(SO_(2))和氮氧化物(NO_(x))等污染物的排放也显著减少,同时环境中可溶性磷酸盐和氟化物等污染物含量也间接降低。

胡世平教授基于“择时治疗”理论论治肝癌腹水经验

“择时治疗”理论源自《黄帝内经》,该理论对于中医临床治疗疾病具有重要指导意义。“择时治疗”理论根据阴阳消长、子午流注、五脏主时与生克的特点针对疾病不同时间的不同状态进行特异性施治。早攻晚补法是“择时治疗”理论的具体体现。胡世平教授基于“择时治疗”理论,根据阴阳消长的日节律变化、阴阳互根之理、肝脏主时与生克的时机及肝癌腹水朝宽暮急的疾病特点,提出“早攻晚补法”治疗肝癌腹水,疗效显著,附验案两则加以阐明。

彝医张之道辨治肿瘤临床经验及学术思想整理研究

张之道是彝医药奠基人,在肿瘤辨治上形成开创性的“治瘤先治气”的学术思想,认为人体与宇宙清浊之气失衡是肿瘤发病的外因,体内清浊之气虚衰、紊乱致水血、痰瘀、毒邪内生是肿瘤发病的内因。治疗当以“天人同象”为总纲,以“扶正祛毒”为目标,以“疏通气路、血路、水谷路”为治法,以“平衡清气、浊气”贯穿始终进行中彝医结合临床辨治。通过总结张之道临床辨治肿瘤的经验,并附验案一则,以期为肿瘤的治疗提供新思路。

三坝水库除险加固工程施工质量控制要点探讨

三坝水库在当地防汛、灌溉、饮水等综合利用水资源方面发挥了举足轻重的作用,鉴于该水库在运行过程中存在上游坝面塌陷、坝体渗漏、闸门关闭不严实、出水渠损坏等问题,通过大坝安全评价,该水库大坝被鉴定为三类坝,随后开展了该水库除险加固设计与实施工作,并完成除险加固。通过三坝水库除险加固施工过程中的质量控制要点的阐述,希冀为同类型水库除险加固工程质量控制提供参考。

张爱琴教授从脾论治三阴性乳腺癌经验探讨

总结张爱琴教授从脾论治三阴性乳腺癌的临床经验。张教授认为,本病的病位在乳腺,与非三阴性乳腺癌相比,预后较差,复发转移概率较高,治疗手段较为单一,其发生、复发转移等与脾的关系尤为密切,起病多由脾虚而始,脾脏亏虚则运化失常,因虚致实,痰瘀内生,日久结聚为癌毒。故张师的治疗以益气健脾为基本治则贯穿始终,辅以疏肝解郁、活血化瘀、化痰散结等治法,以顾护人体正气为根本,稍佐攻邪药物,兼顾整体,疗效显著。

“癌毒”理论指导下的肝癌分阶段治疗

癌毒理论是中医治疗恶性肿瘤的重要理论之一,癌毒是肝癌等恶性肿瘤发生发展的核心病机,相对于同时存在的常规病机而言,癌毒盛衰与邪正消长决定了中医治疗肝癌的理、法、方、药,同时决定了肝癌不同阶段的主要治疗策略:肝癌早期,手术后侧重清余毒防复发;肝癌中期,中西医并重、协同解毒增效;肝癌晚期,中医药扶正为主、辅以攻邪。

冯五金老中医从寒湿论治抑郁症经验介绍

介绍冯五金老中医从寒湿论治抑郁症的临床经验。冯五金老中医认为,抑郁症侧重于精神障碍的表现,同时伴有畏寒、苔白腻等症状表现,有明显的脾肾阳虚、寒湿阻滞特点,提出从寒湿立论,治疗上以温阳散寒、除湿解郁为法。

贵金属分析仪在合质金检测中的应用

合质金使用火试金法测定前,需要先进行预测定,使用常规的重量法进行预测定,耗费时间长、成本高,且只能预测定出其中金和银含量,无法得到能影响检测结果的铜、铂、钯、铼、钨等元素的检测结果。使用贵金属分析仪对合质金进行预测定,可快速测定出合质金中的金、银及杂质元素含量,根据预测定结果对样品进行预处理,确保杂质元素不对检测结果产生影响。该种预测定方式检测成本低、耗费的时间短,适合应用于合质金中金含量的预测定过程中。