A murine model is used to study qualitatively and quantitatively the splenic ultrastructural changes induced by two <i>Trypanosoma</i><i> </i><i>evansi</i><i> </i>strain...A murine model is used to study qualitatively and quantitatively the splenic ultrastructural changes induced by two <i>Trypanosoma</i><i> </i><i>evansi</i><i> </i>strains derived from naturally infected local equine hosts (<i>Equusasinus</i> and <i>E. caballus</i>);<i>T. evansi</i> causes ultrastructural modifications in the spleen of the infected mice. The modifications include tissular disorganization, fibrosis, mitochondrial swelling, apoptosis and necrosis. The initial phases of the infection are quite similar, whereas the final phases differ qualitatively depending on the strain’s source. The ultrastructural quantitative changes were studied in the reticular splenocytes covering alterations in the area of the cytoplasm and nucleus. Analysis of the results shows the induction of various splenic alterations caused by local <i>T. evansi</i> strains. Also, it was documented that discriminative time modulation, as well as progressive tissular, cellular and subcellular changes, are more associated with derived infections from <i>E. caballus</i> strain.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima(meth)(A.fragrantissima) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate(DA) against Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected rats.Me...Objective:To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima(meth)(A.fragrantissima) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate(DA) against Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected rats.Methods:Sixty adult male Wister albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups(A-F).Rats in groups A-E were experimentally infected with T.evansi and those in group F were uninfected.The groups were treated respectively as follows:group A- with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B- with 1 000 mg/kg meth,A.fragrantissima;group C-3.5mg/kg DA plus 500 mg/kg meth A.fragrantissima;group D-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 1 000 mg/kg meth A.fragrantissima.Group E was left untreated.Parasitaemia,survivability,packed cell volume,hemoglobin concentration,total leucocytes count,lymphocyte count,and serum malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione(GSH) levels were estimated.Phytochemical screening of meth A.fragrantissima was also performed.Results:The phytochemical analysis of the meth A.fragrantissima indicated a higher content from polyphenols tannins and non tannins and flavonoids.The efficacy percentage against trypanosomiasis in groups A to E was respectively as follows 80,40,90.100,0.The administration of meth-A.fragrantissima(1000)mg/kg b.wt.) produced a moderate efficacy against trypanosomiasis.Untreated rats in group E died between 25 and 30 d post infection.The rats given DA and meth A.fragrantissima combinations(C and D) showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and groups A and B.The initial reduction in packed cell volume,hemoglobin,total leucocytes count,increases in serum malondialdehyde and decreases in GSH levels were reversed by the treatments.C onclusions:The administration of the methanol extracts of A.fragrantissima and DA combination therapy was more effective than each product alone in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi and further studies are required to isolate more active ingredients.展开更多
Objective:To determine the presence of Trypanosoma eransi(T.evansi) and the effect of trypanosomosis on hemato-biochemical profile of dromedary camels in Semnan,Iran,which has not been reported yet.Methods:To perform ...Objective:To determine the presence of Trypanosoma eransi(T.evansi) and the effect of trypanosomosis on hemato-biochemical profile of dromedary camels in Semnan,Iran,which has not been reported yet.Methods:To perform this project,blood samples were collected by venipuncture into plain and EDTA-K2-containing vacutainer tubes from 21 dromedary camels(12 males and 9 females) aged3—18 years,from 4 different regions of Semnan.Results:Microscopic examination of stained thin blood smears revealed the presence of T.evansi in one of the samples.However,it should be noted that this sample showed a very high parasitemia(more than 5 trypomastigote were visible per microscopic field with MGG,1000×.This heavy parasitemia was associated with an 18-year-old female camel that showed symptoms of corneal opacity,intense emaciation and pale mucous membranes.Comparison of hematological and serum biochemical profiles between the camel infected by T.eransi and uninfected camels indicated anemia,leukocytosis,hyperproteinemia.hypoalbuminemia,hyperglobulinemia,reduction A/G ratio,increased a,,p and globulins and decreased of a,globulins and increased the concentration of gumma-glutamyl transferase enzyme.Conclusions:Results of the present study revealed that trypanosomosis was present in dromedary camels of Semnan,Iran(infection rate is 4.76%) and hemato-biochemical parameters were markedly affected by camel trypanosomosis.展开更多
Trypanosoma evansi, an economically important haemoflagellate, infects many domestic and wild animals such as horses, camels, buffalo and deer, causing the trypanosomiasis called surra in these animals. This parasite ...Trypanosoma evansi, an economically important haemoflagellate, infects many domestic and wild animals such as horses, camels, buffalo and deer, causing the trypanosomiasis called surra in these animals. This parasite has an extremely wide geographical distribution in the continents of Asia, Africa and South America. Surra is also one of the most important endemic diseases of animals in China, especially展开更多
Objective:To examine thein vitroandin vivoanti-Trypanosoma evansi(T.evansi)activity ofsaponins-rich fraction ofCalotropis procera(cpsf)leaves as well as the effect of the fraction onthe parasite-induced anemia.Methods...Objective:To examine thein vitroandin vivoanti-Trypanosoma evansi(T.evansi)activity ofsaponins-rich fraction ofCalotropis procera(cpsf)leaves as well as the effect of the fraction onthe parasite-induced anemia.Methods:A 60-minutes time course experiment was conductedwith various concentrations of the fraction using a 96-well microtiter plate technique,andsubsequently used to treat experimentallyT.evansiinfected rats at 100 and 200 mg/kg bodyweight.Index of anemia was analyzed in all animals during the experiment.Results:The cpsfdid not demonstrate anin vitroantitrypanosomal activity.Further,the cpsf treatments did notsignificantly(P>0.05)keep the parasites lower than the infected untreated groups.At the end ofthe experiment,allT.evansiinfected rats developed anemia whose severity was not significantly(P>0.05)ameliorated by the cpsf treatment.Conclusions:It was concluded that saponins derivedfromCalotropis proceraleaves could not elicitin vitroandin vivoactivities againstT.evansi.展开更多
文摘A murine model is used to study qualitatively and quantitatively the splenic ultrastructural changes induced by two <i>Trypanosoma</i><i> </i><i>evansi</i><i> </i>strains derived from naturally infected local equine hosts (<i>Equusasinus</i> and <i>E. caballus</i>);<i>T. evansi</i> causes ultrastructural modifications in the spleen of the infected mice. The modifications include tissular disorganization, fibrosis, mitochondrial swelling, apoptosis and necrosis. The initial phases of the infection are quite similar, whereas the final phases differ qualitatively depending on the strain’s source. The ultrastructural quantitative changes were studied in the reticular splenocytes covering alterations in the area of the cytoplasm and nucleus. Analysis of the results shows the induction of various splenic alterations caused by local <i>T. evansi</i> strains. Also, it was documented that discriminative time modulation, as well as progressive tissular, cellular and subcellular changes, are more associated with derived infections from <i>E. caballus</i> strain.
基金This project(No.BCS06)was financiully supported by Promising Research Center in Biological Control and Agricultural Information(BCARC).Qassim University,Al Qassim.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
文摘Objective:To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima(meth)(A.fragrantissima) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate(DA) against Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected rats.Methods:Sixty adult male Wister albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups(A-F).Rats in groups A-E were experimentally infected with T.evansi and those in group F were uninfected.The groups were treated respectively as follows:group A- with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B- with 1 000 mg/kg meth,A.fragrantissima;group C-3.5mg/kg DA plus 500 mg/kg meth A.fragrantissima;group D-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 1 000 mg/kg meth A.fragrantissima.Group E was left untreated.Parasitaemia,survivability,packed cell volume,hemoglobin concentration,total leucocytes count,lymphocyte count,and serum malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione(GSH) levels were estimated.Phytochemical screening of meth A.fragrantissima was also performed.Results:The phytochemical analysis of the meth A.fragrantissima indicated a higher content from polyphenols tannins and non tannins and flavonoids.The efficacy percentage against trypanosomiasis in groups A to E was respectively as follows 80,40,90.100,0.The administration of meth-A.fragrantissima(1000)mg/kg b.wt.) produced a moderate efficacy against trypanosomiasis.Untreated rats in group E died between 25 and 30 d post infection.The rats given DA and meth A.fragrantissima combinations(C and D) showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and groups A and B.The initial reduction in packed cell volume,hemoglobin,total leucocytes count,increases in serum malondialdehyde and decreases in GSH levels were reversed by the treatments.C onclusions:The administration of the methanol extracts of A.fragrantissima and DA combination therapy was more effective than each product alone in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi and further studies are required to isolate more active ingredients.
基金Supported by research fund of Semnan University.Semnan.Iran(Grant No.266/92/3040)
文摘Objective:To determine the presence of Trypanosoma eransi(T.evansi) and the effect of trypanosomosis on hemato-biochemical profile of dromedary camels in Semnan,Iran,which has not been reported yet.Methods:To perform this project,blood samples were collected by venipuncture into plain and EDTA-K2-containing vacutainer tubes from 21 dromedary camels(12 males and 9 females) aged3—18 years,from 4 different regions of Semnan.Results:Microscopic examination of stained thin blood smears revealed the presence of T.evansi in one of the samples.However,it should be noted that this sample showed a very high parasitemia(more than 5 trypomastigote were visible per microscopic field with MGG,1000×.This heavy parasitemia was associated with an 18-year-old female camel that showed symptoms of corneal opacity,intense emaciation and pale mucous membranes.Comparison of hematological and serum biochemical profiles between the camel infected by T.eransi and uninfected camels indicated anemia,leukocytosis,hyperproteinemia.hypoalbuminemia,hyperglobulinemia,reduction A/G ratio,increased a,,p and globulins and decreased of a,globulins and increased the concentration of gumma-glutamyl transferase enzyme.Conclusions:Results of the present study revealed that trypanosomosis was present in dromedary camels of Semnan,Iran(infection rate is 4.76%) and hemato-biochemical parameters were markedly affected by camel trypanosomosis.
基金Project supported by the National Education Committee of P. R. China
文摘Trypanosoma evansi, an economically important haemoflagellate, infects many domestic and wild animals such as horses, camels, buffalo and deer, causing the trypanosomiasis called surra in these animals. This parasite has an extremely wide geographical distribution in the continents of Asia, Africa and South America. Surra is also one of the most important endemic diseases of animals in China, especially
基金This study was supported,in part,by the Education Trust FundABU desk office with reference ETF/DESS/AST&D/ABU ZARIA
文摘Objective:To examine thein vitroandin vivoanti-Trypanosoma evansi(T.evansi)activity ofsaponins-rich fraction ofCalotropis procera(cpsf)leaves as well as the effect of the fraction onthe parasite-induced anemia.Methods:A 60-minutes time course experiment was conductedwith various concentrations of the fraction using a 96-well microtiter plate technique,andsubsequently used to treat experimentallyT.evansiinfected rats at 100 and 200 mg/kg bodyweight.Index of anemia was analyzed in all animals during the experiment.Results:The cpsfdid not demonstrate anin vitroantitrypanosomal activity.Further,the cpsf treatments did notsignificantly(P>0.05)keep the parasites lower than the infected untreated groups.At the end ofthe experiment,allT.evansiinfected rats developed anemia whose severity was not significantly(P>0.05)ameliorated by the cpsf treatment.Conclusions:It was concluded that saponins derivedfromCalotropis proceraleaves could not elicitin vitroandin vivoactivities againstT.evansi.
