HISTOLOGIC GRADE, AND CONTENT AND IMAGE ANALYSIS OF SOFT TISSUE TUMORS

Flow cytometry and image analysis technique were used to quantltate the nuclei of various soft tissue tumors. A single representing section from soft tissue sarcoma was used for histologic grading. Histologlc and cytometric comparative analyses showed that all 21 benign tumors were diploid. Among 62 cases of soft tissue sarcoma, 45(73%) were aneuploid. There was a significant difference in the nuclear area between benign and malignant tumors (P<0. 01), dlploid and aneuploid tumors (P<0. 05). The two new techniques are valuable In cellular quantitative measurement for soft tissue tumors.

A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF 7878 PATIENTS WITH TUMORS IN THE HEAD AND NECK

7878 patients with tumors in the head and neck were analyzed in a period of twenty years. All the diagnosis were confirmed by pathologic examination. There were 5485 cases (69.62%) of malignant tumors. Nearly an half of malignant tumors were in the nasopharynx (49.32%). Among the malignant tumors of the nasopharynx, 2698 were carcinoma (99.34%) and only 18 (0.66%) sarcoma. Nine of them were under 10 years of age, the youngest patient was 3 years old, and this is rare in our county. The incidence of head and neck tumors was 37.66% and that of the head and neck malignancies was 26.22% of tumors in the whole body. This study indicates that incidence of malignant tumor in head and neck was rather higher, it is worth to improve ths procedure of treatment and prevention.

FLOW CYTOM ETRIC ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR DNA CONTENT IN EPITHELIAL OVARIAN TUMOR

The DNA content of tumor all was analyzed by flow cytometry on parafflnembedded specimens in 73 patients with epithelial ovarian tumor, and its clinical significance was evaluated. One of the 5 benign (20%), 2 of the 11 borderline (18.18%), and 30 of the 57 malignant (52. 63%) tumors were aneuplold. The occurrence rate of aneuploidy In malignant tumors was higher than In benign and borderline tumors ( P < 0. 05 ). Furthermore, aneuploidy was more frequently In the advanced stages (Ⅲ -Ⅳ ) (77. 7%) than in the early stages (Ⅰ - Ⅱ ) (9. 5%) (P<0. 005). The occurrence rate of DNA aneuploidy was higher in patients associated with ascites and the residual tumor≥.2 cm. Patients with aneuploid tumors had more of ten ascites (P<0. 005) and residual tumor size≥2cm (P< 0.005). There was no apparent correlation between the DNA ptoidy and the histologic grade, histologic type of the tumors. G0/G1 cell proportion of DNA diplold tumors in advanced carcinoma (64. 6%) was less than those of early stage carcinoma (75. 9% ) (P<0. 05). The survival rate of diplold tumor patients was higher than that of aneuploid tumor patients in the different time after operation, and the median survival time was 30. 2 months and 10. 3 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that cellular DNA ploidy was the most Important predictive factor (P = 0. 007) of prognosis, followed by residual tumor size (P= 0. 05). Different tumor specimen of the same patient can exhibit variation sometime (38. 9%).The results revealed that the DNA ploidy may reflect tumor biological characteristics, I. e. , Its proliferative ability. Analysis of cellular DNA content of epithelial ovarian tumors would help us to predict the prognosis of the patients better.

Clinical pathologic analysis of urologic primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor

Objective To explore clinico-pathological features,immunophenotype,treatment and prognosis of urologic primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor ( PNET) . Methods The clinical data of 3 patients with urologic PNET were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were male,aged 29,32 and 75 years respectively.

Clinical analysis of malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors:reports of 27 cases

To investigate clinicopathological features,diagnosis and treatment of malignant pancreatic tumors.Methods A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 27 cases of malignant pancreatic tumors admitted from 1989 to 2003.Results Tumors were surgically resected in 22 patients.Tumor infiltration into surrounding organs was found in 13 cases.Four patients had lymph nodes metastasis and 5 had liver metastasis.Two cases were found tumor embolus in vascular or lymph tube.Neural invasion was found in 3.Conclusion Malignant pancreatic tumors has good prognosis.Aggressive attempts of surgical management should be performed.6 refs,1 tab.

Prognostic factors of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors： a cohort study based on high-volume centers

Objective： We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunohistochemical expression and prognostic factors of patients with primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors（GISTs）.Methods： Data from 2,570 consecutive GIST patients from four medical centers in China（January2001–December 2015） were reviewed. Survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors.Results： Of the included patients, 1,375（53.5%） were male, and the patient age range was 18 to 95（median, 58）years. The tumors were mostly found in the stomach（64.5%）, small intestine（25.1%） and colorectal region（5.1%）.At the time of diagnosis, the median tumor size was 4.0（range： 0.1–55.0） cm, and the median mitotic index per 50 high power fields（HPFs） was 3（range： 0–254）. Of the 2,168 resected patients, 2,009（92.7%） received curative resection. According to the modified National Institutes of Health（NIH） classification, 21.9%, 28.9%, 14.1% and35.1% were very low-, low-, intermediate-and high-risk tumors, respectively. The rate of positivity was 96.4% for c-Kit, 87.1% for CD34, 96.9% for delay of germination 1（DOG-1）, 8.0% for S-100, 31.0% for smooth muscle actin（SMA） and 5.1% for desmin. However, the prognostic value of each was limited. Multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, mitotic index, tumor site, occurrence of curative resection and postoperative imatinib were independent prognostic factors. Furthermore, we found that high-risk patients benefited significantly from postoperative imatinib（P〈0.001）, whereas intermediate-risk patients did not（P=0.954）.Conclusions： Age, tumor size, mitotic index, tumor site, occurrence of curative resection and postoperative imatinib were independent prognostic factors in patients with GISTs. Moreover, determining whether intermediate-risk patients can benefit from adjuvant imatinib would be of considerable interest in future studies.

Influence of clinical characteristics and tumor size on symptoms of bladder leiomyoma： a pooled analysis of 61 cases

Background Bladder leiomyoma is an uncommon type of bladder neoplasms. Most publications are reports of isolated cases. The influence of tumor size on patients＇ early symptoms was seldom analyzed. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics of bladder leiomyoma and the influence of tumor size on patients＇ symptoms in Chinese population. Methods We reviewed the medical records of eight patients diagnosed with bladder leiomyoma at our department, collected 53 cases from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, Wangfang data base, and Chinese Biological Medicine Disk, and performed a pooled analysis. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed and then classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The association between tumor size and the occurrence of symptoms was evaluated. Furthermore, Logistic regression model was constructed to discriminate variables. Results Women comprised the majority of the patients （49/61, 80.3%）. The mean age and tumor size were （42.3＋14.0） years and （45.0＋25.7） mm, respectively. Among all the symptoms, irritative symptoms occurred most frequently （37.7%, 23/61）, followed by obstructive urinary symptoms （31.1%, 19/61）, hematuria （24.6%, 15/61 ）, and abdominal bulge or pain （14.8%, 9/61）. In our study, patients who were 45 years old or younger tended to be asymptomatic compared with elder ones （14/36 vs. 3/25, P=-0.021）. The histological, as well as anatomical, location of tumor, did not show significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients （P=-0.306 and 0.700）. Tumors larger than 30 mm in the greatest diameter would cause clinical symptoms such as obstructive urinary symptoms （P=0.048） and irritative symptoms （P=0.037）. Logistic regression confirmed the association between tumor size and the occurrence of symptoms, which was related with age. Conclusions Bladder leiomyoma occurs mainly in women and most frequently with irritative symptoms. The occurrence of symptoms is related to tumor size rather than the location： In this setting, patients with endovesical tumors smaller than 30 mm in the greatest diameter tended to be asymptomatic, which were usually treated with transurethrai resection of bladder tumor.

cDNA representational difference analysis of differentially expressed cDNA sequences in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective To search differentially expressed sequences correlated with pathogenesis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), including the candidates of tumor suppressor genes Methods Representational difference analysis (RDA) was performed to isolate differentially expressed sequences between cDNA from normal human primary cultures of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and cDNA from NPC cell line HNE1 The source of differentially expressed products were proved by Southern blot, Northern blot and in situ hybridization The fragments were cloned with pGEM T easy kit and sequenced by the chain termination reaction Results Four differentially expressed cDNA fragments were isolated in the fourth subtractive hybridization using cDNA from normal human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells as tester amplicon and cDNA from NPC cell line HNE1 as driver amplicon by cDNA RDA These differential cDNA fragments revealed that they really came from the tester amplicon and were not expressed or down regulated in the NPC HNE1 cells Some of the genes were expressed only in human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells but deleted or down regulated in the biopsies of NPC Of these obtained clones, some were the sequences of the human known genes including house keeping genes, the others represented novel gene sequences Conclusion The differentially expressed products including the candidates of tumor suppressor genes may be associated with the initiation of the NPC