Expression of p-STAT3 and vascular endothelial growth factor in MNNG-induced precancerous lesions and gastric tumors in rats

AIM: To investigate the dynamic expression of p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the formation of gastric tumors induced by drinking water containing N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Wistar rats.METHODS: One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups(60 in each group): Control group and Model group. The rats in each group were then randomly divided into three groups(20 in each group): C/M15, C/M25 and C/M40(15, 25 and 40 represent the number of feeding weeks from termination). Rats in the control group received normal drinking water and rats in the model group received drinking water containing 100 μg/m L MNNG. Stomach tissues were collected at the end of the 15 th, 25 th and 40 th week, respectively, for microscopic measurement using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of p-STAT3 and VEGF in different pathological types of gastric tissue, including normal, inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and gastric stromal tumor, was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and the corelation between p-STAT3 and VEGF was analyzed. RESULTS:(1) The expression of p-STAT3 in tissue with gastritis, atrophy, dysplasia and gastric stromal tumor were significantly increased in the model group compared with the control group(2.5 ± 1.0, 2.75 ±0.36, 6.2 ± 0.45, 5.67 ± 0.55 vs 0.75 ± 0.36, P = 0.026, 0.035, 0.001, 0.002, respectively); the expression of p-STAT3 in tissue with dysplasia was higher than that in samples with gastritis or atrophy(6.2 ± 0.45 vs 2.5 ± 1.0, P = 0.006; 6.2 ± 0.45 vs 2.75 ± 0.36, P = 0.005, respectively); however, the expression of p-STAT3 in gastritis and atrophy was not significantly different(P > 0.05);(2) the expression of VEGF in tissue with gastritis, atrophy, dysplasia and gastric stromal tumor was significantly increased in the model group compared with normal gastric mucosa; and the expression of VEGF in tissue with dysplasia was higher than that in tissue with inflammation and atrophy(10.8 ± 1.96 vs 7.62 ± 0.25, P = 0.029; 10.8 ± 1.96 vs 6.26 ± 0.76, P = 0.033, respectively); similarly, the expression of VEGF in tissue with gastritis and atrophy was not significantly different(P > 0.05); and(3) the expression of VEGF was positively correlated with p-STAT3. CONCLUSION: p-STAT3 plays an important role in gastric cancer formation by regulating the expression of VEGF to promote the progression of gastric tumor from gastritis.

Esophageal subepithelial lesion diagnosed as malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor

A 21-year-old male visited our hospital with a complaint of aggravating dysphagia and odynophagia for a few days.Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed huge bulging mucosa with an intact surface causing luminal narrowing at 35 cm from the incisor teeth.Endoscopic ultrasonography showed an about 35 mm sized irregular margined in-homogenous hypoechoic lesion with an obscure layer of origin.Endoscopic ultrasonography fine needle aspiration revealed spindle cell proliferation without immunoreactivity for CD117,SMA,and cytokeratin.The patient underwent excision of the subepithelial lesion at the distal esophagus.On pathologic examination of the specimen,the tumor was composed of short fascicles of oval to spindle cells with eosinophilic and clear cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei.The tumor cells were positive for S-100 and SOX10and negative for CD117,SMA,HMB-45,melan-A,cytokeratin,and CD99.The split-apart signal was detected in EWSR1 on FISH,suggesting a malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor.At the time of writing,the patient is on radiation therapy at the operated site of esophagus and doing well,with no recurrence for three months.Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor is a rare gastrointestinal tumor with features of clear cell sarcoma,without melanocytic differentiation,and shows a poor prognosis.This is the first reported case of malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor arising as subepithelial lesion in the esophagus.

Metastasia Lesion of Gestation Trophoblastic Tumor in Abdominopelvic Cavity Diagnosed by Sonographic and Doppler Imaging

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review clinical data of metastasia lesion of gestation trophoblastic tumor (GTT) in abdominopelvic cavity by color Doppler ultrasound. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 13 cases of GTT in China was performed. Clinical appearances, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, sonographic findings, Doppler waveforms, and patient outcomes were followed up. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed to diagnose the presence of GTT, detect metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity, assess disease recurrence, and monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy. Results: Of the 13 patients with GTT, 4 had choriocarcinoma which 3 cases occurred after an abortion, 1 after a year of dilation and suction evacuation for the hydatidform mole. Metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity was detected by color Doppler ultrasound in all cases of choriocarcinoma, among which the metastasia lesion were found at uterine fundus, near uterus, colon and cystic vascular space near the uterus, repectively. 9 cases with an invasive hydatidiforn mole (IHM) occurred after one to three months of dilation and suction evacuation for the hydatidform mole, consistant with the hCG levels markedly elevating. Metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity was also detected by color Doppler ultrasound besides invasive lesion in uterine muscular layer in all cases of IHM, among which 3 cases showed metastasia lesion in cystic vascular space near the uterus, 2 cases were detected in side wall of pelvic cavity, while the rest were found in abdominal cavity, right kidney, colon and near uterus, respectively. Meanwhile, the image of metastasia lesion with IHM was similar to choriocarcinoma’s. And the reticular structure, the cystic vascular space and solid lesion may be showed by ultrasound. The metastasia lesion had abundant flow. Doppler waveforms showed resistive indices of 0.34 (SD 0.07) for metastasia lesion. There was the same lower-impedance as invasive lesion in uterine muscular layer. Except an IHM with the renal metastasia lesion having been followed, abnormal sonographic and Doppler findings in other metastasia disease all disappeared after surgical operation or chemotherapy were successful. Conclusions: Sonography and Doppler imaging were helpful in detecting metastasia lesion in abdominopelvic cavity, and in following the effectiveness of chemotherapy. And it should be taken full examination for GTT by Color Doppler ultrasound in order to avoid mistake.

Tumor response assessment by the single-lesion measurement per organ in small cell lung cancer

Background: The criterion of two target lesions per organ in the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(RECIST) version 1.1 is an arbitrary one, being supported by no objective evidence. The optimal number of target lesions per organ still needs to be investigated. We compared tumor responses using the RECIST 1.1(measuring two target lesions per organ) and modified RECIST 1.1(measuring the single largest lesion in each organ) in patients with small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients with SCLC who received first-line treatment between January 2004 and December 2014 and compared tumor responses according to the two criteria using computed tomography.Results: There were a total of 34 patients who had at least two target lesions in any organ according to the RECIST 1.1 during the study period. The differences in the percentage changes of the sum of tumor measurements between RECIST 1.1 and modified RECIST 1.1 were all within 13%. Seven patients showed complete response and fourteen showed partial response according to the RECIST 1.1. The overall response rate was 61.8%. When assessing with the modified RECIST 1.1 instead of the RECIST 1.1, tumor responses showed perfect concordance between the two criteria(k=1.0).Conclusions: The modified RECIST 1.1 showed perfect agreement with the original RECIST 1.1 in the assessment of tumor response of SCLC. Our result suggests that it may be enough to measure the single largest target lesion per organ for evaluating tumor response.

基于瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI对乳腺病变良恶性诊断列线图预测模型的构建与评价

目的:建立基于瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI的乳腺病变良恶性鉴别诊断的列线图模型,并验证其预测效能。方法:纳入经病理学检查明确乳腺病变性质的100例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行核磁共振(MRI)检查和病理检查,根据病理检查结果分为乳腺良性病变组(n=62)和乳腺恶性病变组(n=38)。收集患者临床资料、瘤体各参数、瘤周各参数以及乳腺病变良恶性情况。多因素Logistic回归分析筛选乳腺恶性病变的危险因素并构建列线图预测模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验验证模型的预测效能及拟合优度;内部验证采用Bootstrap。结果:乳腺恶性病变组病灶直径、平均扩散峰度(MK)、MDp/t、瘤周与瘤体MKp/n高于乳腺良性病变组(均P<0.05);乳腺恶性病变组表观扩散系数(ADC)值、平均扩散率(MD)、非对称磁化转移率(MTRasym)、MKp/t、MDp/n低于乳腺良性病变组(均P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,病灶直径、MK、MDp/t、MKp/n升高,ADC值、MD、MTRasym、MKp/t、MDp/n降低是乳腺恶性病变的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。基于上述独立影响因素构建乳腺恶性病变的列线图预测模型,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.827。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示P值为0.004。采用Bootstrap法,生成的校准曲线拟合良好。结论:瘤体及瘤周多参数MRI对乳腺病变良恶性鉴别诊断具有重要预测价值,基于乳腺恶性病变的独立影响因素构建的列线图预测效果良好,能直观预测乳腺发生恶性病变的概率。

中药干预肿瘤及胃癌前病变上皮间质转化的研究进展

上皮间质转化(EMT)是指上皮细胞失去极性,转变为间质样细胞的过程。在肿瘤及胃癌前病变治疗中,EMT已成为近年来研究热点。本文中查阅近年来相关文献,综述中药干预肿瘤及胃癌前病变的实验研究,以推动中药治疗肿瘤及胃癌前病变研究进展。

幽门螺杆菌感染对胃黏膜上皮细胞病变的研究进展

通过系统阐述幽门螺杆菌在不同机制下通过诱导通路活性与胃黏膜上皮细胞病变的联系,从而探讨延缓胃黏膜上皮细胞恶性病变的新方法。通过对比胃黏膜上皮细胞病变过程中影响通路的不同发病机制,从而研究影响胃黏膜上皮细胞恶性病变的相关活性通路。大量研究证明,幽门螺杆菌感染通过细胞毒素相关基因A(CagA)依赖性和非依赖性机制引发诱导不同通路发挥作用。同时,在CagA依赖/非依赖性作用条件下,幽门螺杆菌可以通过作用于p53肿瘤抑制因子,从而促进胃黏膜上皮细胞发生恶变,是胃癌的重要致病原因之一。通过对胃黏膜上皮细胞与幽门螺杆菌相关作用的深入研究,找出延缓胃黏膜病变进展的作用机制,为临床上治疗幽门螺杆菌感染所致的一系列胃肠道疾病提供新思路。

^(18)F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数辅助评估弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤化疗疗效

目的探讨^(18)F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数与弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)化疗疗效的相关性。方法回顾性总结2021年2月至2023年2月本院确诊DLBCL患者共78例,采用R-CHOP化疗方案。治疗前采用^(18)F-FDG PET/CT测量代谢参数包括标准摄取值的最大值(SUVmax)、峰值(SUVpeak)和平均值(SUVmean)、肿瘤代谢体积(MTV)和糖酵解总量(TLG),解剖学参数包括肿瘤位置、最大直径和AnnArbor分期。治疗4个疗程(21 d为1个疗程)后复查PET/CT,根据Lugano修订淋巴瘤疗效评价标准分为有效组62例和无效组16例,比较两组PET/CT参数。结果与无效组比较,有效组年龄和最大直径较小,改良国际预后指数(NCCN-IPI)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平较低,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期和骨髓侵犯较少;SUVmax、MTV和TLG值降低(P<0.05)。Spearman检验显示,SUVmax、MTV和TLG值与最大直径、NCCNIPI、LDH和AnnArbor分期呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。ROC计算SUVmax、MTV和TLG值预测DLBCL患者化疗疗效的AUC为0.741、0.886和0.869(P<0.001),MTV和TLG明显优于SUVmax(P<0.001),但MTV和TLG无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论^(18)F-FDG PET/CT作为DLBCL临床分期、疗效评估和预后随访的重要方法,代谢参数MTV和TLG值与化疗疗效密切相关。

多模态磁共振技术在脑内环形强化病变中的诊断价值

目的总结脑内环形强化病变的神经影像学特点,探讨多模态磁共振技术在脑内环形强化病变中的诊断价值。方法回顾分析2015年1月—2023年1月中南大学湘雅三医院就诊的67例脑内环形强化病变患者多模态磁共振特点、影像学诊断、临床确诊报告及预后等相关临床资料。结果67例脑内环形强化病变患者中,胶质瘤26例,转移瘤20例,脑脓肿7例,脱髓鞘病变5例,淋巴瘤3例,其他病变6例。常规MRI序列(T1WI、T2WI、FIAIR和增强)尽管能清晰显示脑内环形强化灶的部位、形态、灶周水肿程度等特点,但定性诊断困难。结合其他多模态磁共振序列(MRS、DWI、PWI等)的影像学特点,并构建影像学鉴别诊断流程图,57例患者得出了较明确的影像学诊断,其中54例患者的影像学诊断与最终临床诊断相符。结论多模态磁共振技术(MRS、DWI、PWI等)通过解析脑内环形强化病变的病理生理特点,结合程序性鉴别诊断分析,显著提高了影像学诊断的准确率。

高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及肿瘤标志物检测在乳腺肿块良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值研究

目的 探讨高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及肿瘤标志物检测在乳腺肿块良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 选择140例乳腺肿块患者作为研究对象,经手术术后病理检查确诊乳腺癌72例、乳腺良性病变68例,所有患者术前均接受高频超声检查、高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、糖类抗原125(CA125)]检测。比较不同检查方法 (高频超声、高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检)对乳腺癌的诊断效能,乳腺癌和乳腺良性病变患者的肿瘤标志物(CEA、CA199、CA125)水平,不同高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检结果患者的超声表现特征及肿瘤标志物水平。结果 高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检将4例乳腺癌误诊为乳腺良性病变,将1例乳腺纤维瘤和2例纤维样囊肿误诊为乳腺癌。高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为94.44%、95.59%、95.00%,均明显高于高频超声的68.06%、79.41%、73.57%(P<0.05)。乳腺癌患者CEA、CA199、CA125水平分别为(4.55±1.22)ng/ml、(31.86±9.56)U/ml、(26.12±6.18)U/ml,均明显高于乳腺良性病变患者的(1.68±0.52)ng/ml、(12.10±4.33)U/ml、(11.54±4.83)U/ml(P<0.05)。高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检良性与恶性患者的肿块最大直径、形态、边界、内部回声、淋巴结肿大、钙化、血流信号等超声特征比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检良性患者的CEA、CA199、CA125水平分别为(1.74±0.55)ng/ml、(12.43±4.40)U/ml、(11.62±4.88)U/ml,均低于恶性患者的(4.53±1.26)ng/ml、(31.88±9.68)U/ml、(26.25±6.20)U/ml(P<0.05)。结论 高频超声引导下粗针穿刺活检能够较好的鉴别诊断乳腺癌与乳腺良性病变,其诊断效能明显优于单纯高频超声,穿刺活检结果与肿瘤标志物、超声表现特征存在明显关系,能够为乳腺肿块治疗提供指导依据。

U-Net Based Dual-Pooling Segmentation of Bone Metastases in Thoracic SPECT Bone Scintigrams

In order to enhance the performance of the CNN-based segmentation models for bone metastases, this study proposes a segmentation method that integrates dual-pooling, DAC, and RMP modules. The network consists of distinct feature encoding and decoding stages, with dual-pooling modules employed in encoding stages to maintain the background information needed for bone scintigrams diagnosis. Both the DAC and RMP modules are utilized in the bottleneck layer to address the multi-scale problem of metastatic lesions. Experimental evaluations on 306 clinical SPECT data have demonstrated that the proposed method showcases a substantial improvement in both DSC and Recall scores by 3.28% and 6.55% compared the baseline. Exhaustive case studies illustrate the superiority of the methodology.

Surgicopathological classification of hepatic space-occupying lesions:A single-center experience with literature review

Accompanying rapid developments in hepatic surgery,the number of surgeries and identifications of histological types of primary hepatic space-occupying lesions (PHSOLs) have increased dramatically.This has led to many changes in the surgicopathological spectrum of PHSOLs,and has contributed to a theoretical basis for modern hepatic surgery and oncological pathology.Between 1982 and 2009 at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH) in Shanghai,31 901 patients underwent surgery and were diagnosed as having a PHSOL.In this paper,we present an analysis of the PHSOL cases at the EHBH for this time period,along with results from a systematic literature review.We describe a surgicopathological spectrum comprising more than 100 types of PHSOLs that can be stratified into three types:tumor-like,benign,and malignant.We also stratified the PHSOLs into six subtypes derived from hepatocytes;cholangiocytes;vascular,lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues;muscular,fibrous and adipose tissues;neural and neuroendocrine tissues;and miscellaneous tissues.The present study provides a new classification system that can be used as a current reference for clinicians and pathologists to make correct diagnoses and differential diagnoses among various PHSOLs.

Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup

Due to the widespread clinical use of imaging modalities such as ultrasonography,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),previously unsuspected liver masses are increasingly being found in asymptomatic patients.This review discusses the various characteristics of the most common solid liver lesions and recommends a practical approach for diagnostic workup.Likely diagnoses include hepatocellular carcinoma (the most likely;a solid liver lesion in a cirrhotic liver) and hemangioma (generally presenting as a mass in a non-cirrhotic liver).Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatic adenoma should be ruled out in young women.In 70% of cases,MRI with gadolinium differentiates between these lesions.Fine needle core biopsy or aspiration,or both,might be required in doubtful cases.If uncertainty persists as to the nature of the lesion,surgical resection is recommended.If the patient is known to have a primary malignancy and the lesion was found at tumor staging or follow up,histology is required only when the nature of the liver lesion is doubtful.

Retrorectal tumors in adults:Magnetic resonance imaging findings

AIM:To retrospectively evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of adult retrorectal tumors and compare with histopathologic findings.METHODS:MRI features of 21 patients with preoperative suspicion of retrorectal tumors were analyzed based on the histopathological and clinical data.RESULTS:Fourteen benign cystic lesions appeared hypointense on T1-weighted images,and hyperintense on T2-weighted images with regular peripheral rim.Epidermoid or dermoid cysts were unilocular,and tailgut cysts were multilocular.Presence of intracystic intermediate signal intensity was observed in one case of tailgut cyst with a component of adenocarcinoma.Six solid tumors were malignant lesions and showed heterogeneous intensity on MRI.Mucinous adenocarcinomas showed high signal intensity on T2-weighted and mesh-like enhancing areas on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images.There was a fistula between the mass and anus with an internal opening in mucinous adenocarcinomas arising from anal fistula.Gastrointestinal stromal tumors displayed low signal intensity on T1-weighted images,and intermediate to high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.Central necrosis could be seen as a high signal on T2-weighted images.CONCLUSION:MRI is a helpful technique to define the extent of the retrorectal tumor and its relationship to the surrounding structures,and also to demonstrate possible complications so as to choose the best surgical approach.

Benign esophageal lesions: Endoscopic and pathologic features

Benign esophageal lesions have a wide spectrum of clinical and pathologic features. Understanding the endoscopic and pathologic features of esophageal lesions is essential for their detection, differential diagnosis, and management. The purpose of this review is to provide updated features that may help physicians to appropriately manage these esophageal lesions. The endoscopic features of 2997 patients are reviewed. In epithelial lesions, the frequency of occurrence was in the following order: glycogenic acanthosis, heterotopic gastric mucosa, squamous papilloma, hyperplastic polyp, ectopic sebaceous gland and xanthoma. In subepithelial lesions, the order was as follows: hemangioma, leiomyoma, dysphagia aortica and granular cell tumor. Most benign esophageal lesions can be diagnosed according to their endoscopic appearance and findings on routine biopsy, and submucosal lesions, by endoscopic resection. Management is generally based upon the confidence of diagnosis and whether the lesion causes symptoms. We suggest endoscopic resection of all granular cell tumors and squamous papillomas because, while rare, these lesions have malignant potential. Dysphagia aortica should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dysphagia in the elderly.

Rare cystic liver lesions: A diagnostic and managing challenge

Cystic formations within the liver are a frequent finding among populations.Besides the common cystic lesions,like simple liver cysts,rare cystic liver lesions like cystadenocarcinoma should also be considered in the differential diagnosis.Thorough knowledge of each entity’s nature and course are key elements to successful treatment.Detailed search in PubMed,Cochrane Database,and international published literature regarding rare cystic liver lesions was carried out.In our research are included not only primary rare lesions like cystadenoma,hydatid cyst,and polycystic liver disease,but also secondary ones like metastasis from gastrointestinal stromal tumors lesions.Up-to date knowledge regarding diagnosis and management of rare cystic liver lesions is provided.A diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm is also proposed.The need for a multidisciplinary approach by a team including radiologists and surgeons familiar with liver cystic entities,diagnostic tools,and treatment modalities is stressed.Patients with cystic liver lesions must be carefully evaluated by a multidisciplinary team,in order to receive the most appropriate treatment,since many cystic liver lesions have a malignant potential and evolution.

Florid reactive periostitis ossificans of the humerus: Case report and differential diagnosis of periosteal lesions of long bones

A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the literature with far fewer outside the bones of the hand, feet, fingers, and toes. Although the etiology is unknown, a relationship to preceding trauma is suggested. The imaging and histologic features show an overlap with other bone lesions including bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, subungual exostosis, and malignant surface tumors of bone and cartilage which include, periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma. It is important to recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of RPO as a benign entity so that it is not mistaken for a more aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a right distal humeral lesion that on histopathological review revealed florid RPO. This diagnosis was not suspected on imaging studies, but was made on open biopsy of the mass. The patient remains disease free, years postoperatively. In addition to presenting this unique case report, we review the pertinent literature, and offer a differential diagnosis and treatment strategy for its management.

Recurrent orbital space-occupying lesions:a clinicopathologic study of 253 cases

Objective:To analyze the clinical features,histopathologic classification and frequencies of various types of recurrent orbital space-occupying lesions.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out in 253 consecutive patients with recurrent orbital spaceoccupying lesions treated by surgical excision in the Institute of Orbital Diseases,the General Hospital of the Armed Police Force from January 2009 to December 2010.Results:The patients included 123 males and 130 females aged 2 to 78 years(mean,36.2 years),and the last recurrence interval after operation ranged from 1 month to 40 years(median,4.75 years).Of all the cases,159(62.8%),65(25.7%),20(7.9%),8(3.2%) and 1(0.4%) had previously experienced once,twice,three,four and six times of surgeries,respectively.Among them,29(11.5%) cases had recurred 3 times or over,and 37(14.6%) cases got recurrence in 10 or more years postoperatively.Most of the patients with local recurrence presented with various clinical manifestations,while 31(12.3%) cases were symptom-free.Two hundred and thirty-one(91.3%) cases underwent surgical removal of the recurrent orbital lesions,and another 22(8.7%) cases had to receive the exenteration of orbit.Categories of these recurrent orbital lesions after operation were as follows:lacrimal gland tumors,65(25.7%) cases;vasogenic diseases,54(21.3%) cases;neurogenic tumors,42(16.6%) cases;secondary tumors,24(9.5%) cases;orbital inflammation,21(8.3%) cases;myogenic tumors,14(5.5%) cases;fibrous and adipose tumors,12(4.7%) cases;lympho-hematopoietic tumors,7(2.8%) cases;bone or cartilage tumors,7(2.8%) cases;orbital cysts,6(2.4%) cases;and indefinitely differentiated tumor,1(0.4%) case.The 10 top histopathologic diagnoses were lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma,hemangiolymphangioma,lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma,meningioma,inflammatory pseudotumor,neurofibroma,sebaceous gland carcinoma,vascular malformation,rhabdomyosarcoma and hemangioma.Conclusions:The variety of recurrent orbital lesions after operation includes mainly of tumors except for vascular malformation and orbital inflammatory lesions.The lacrimal gland epithelial tumor is most prone to relapse after resection,and early and longer-term postoperative follow-up is needed.

高弥散敏感因子的弥散加权成像及动态增强磁共振成像联合肿瘤糖类抗原125对早期卵巢病变性质判断能力的研究

目的:研究高弥散敏感因子(高b值)弥散加权成像(DWI)、动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)结合肿瘤糖类抗原125(CA125)对卵巢病变性质判断的临床效果。方法:选取2020年4月至2022年4月南通市海门区人民医院经治的100例卵巢病变患者进行回顾性研究,所有患者均行CA125、DWI、DCE-MRI检查及病理检查定性,按病理结果将58例卵巢恶性病变患者纳入恶性组,42例卵巢良性病变患者纳入良性组,分析比较两组患者的CA125情况,以及高b值DWI+CA125、DCE-MRI+CA125和高b值DWI+DCE-MRI+CA125不同检查方法的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)结果。结果:恶性组CA125水平明显高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(t=29.357,P<0.05);CA125阳性率显著优于良性组,差异有统计学意义(x2=34.456,P<0.05),恶性组表观弥散系数(ADC)值为(0.91±0.18)×10^(3)mm^(2)/s明显小于良性组(ADC=33±0.21×10^(3)mm^(2)/s),而对比剂容积转换常数(Ktrans)、速率常数(Kep)及血管外细胞外间隙容积比(Ve)指标明显高于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(t=16.863、9.686、10.205,P<0.05);高b值DWI+DCE-MRI+CA125检查方法诊断恶性卵巢肿瘤的准确率、灵敏度、阴性预测值及阳性预测值均高于高b值DWI+CA125或DCE-MRI+CA125检查方法。DCE-MRI+CA125与高b值DWI+CA125检查方法的各指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,高b值DWI+DCE-MRI+CA125检查方法的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)最佳(AUC=0.920)。结论:高b值DWI+DCE-MRI+CA125的组合检查方法总体诊断效能较好,可提升恶性卵巢肿瘤的临床诊断筛查能力,具有一定的临床应用价值。

Laterally spreading tumors:Limitations of computed tomography colonography

AIM:To prospectively investigate the detection rate of laterally spreading tumors(LSTs)of the colorectum by computed tomography(CT)colonography(CTC).METHODS:Patients with LSTs measuring≥20 mm detected during colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled in the study.All patients underwent colonoscopy and subsequent CTC on the same day.CTC was performed using multi-detector CT without contrast in the prone and supine positions.Two radiologists blinded to the existence of LSTs read the virtual endoscopic images as well as 2-D images.LSTs were classified into granular and non-granular types based on colonoscopic appearance.RESULTS:Forty-seven pathologically proven LSTs were evaluated prospectively.Histology included adenomas in 19,mucosal cancers in 19 and T1 cancers in 9.The mean diameter of the LSTs was 35.1 mm.Twenty-eight(60%)LSTs were correctly identified by CTC,and the configuration was similar to the colonoscopic appearance in most cases.Detection rate for the granular type was significantly higher than that for the nongranular type(71%vs 31%,P=0.013).Detection rate of adenomas was significantly lower than mucosal cancers(32%vs 79%,P=0.008)and T1 cancers(32%vs 78%,P=0.042).CONCLUSION:The detection rate of LSTs by CTC,particularly the non-granular type was not acceptable.Practitioners should be aware of the relatively low detection rate when using CTC.