33例睾丸旁腺瘤样瘤的超声特征分析

目的总结睾丸旁腺瘤样瘤的超声特征及临床资料,提高该病的诊断和治疗水平。方法回顾性分析2012年3月至2021年11月郑州大学第一附属医院33例患者34处经病理确诊的睾丸旁腺瘤样瘤的超声特征及临床资料。结果33例患者的34处睾丸旁腺瘤样瘤病灶中,位于附睾30处(29例)、睾丸网3处、白膜1处,左右侧各17处。31例患者超声检查术前明确诊断仅1例,描述性诊断17例,漏诊1例,误诊12例。33例患者中28例行局部肿物切除术,2例行睾丸去势术,3例行睾丸附睾切除术。33例患者术后随访无一例复发,1例患者术后5 a发现术侧附睾管扩张。结论附睾尾部腺瘤样瘤超声多表现为高回声肿块,其余部位则回声不一,附睾头部腺瘤样瘤多位于睾丸与附睾头之间,结合体格检查有助于减少漏诊,明确诊断。对于有生育需求的典型睾丸旁腺瘤样瘤超声图像患者,可考虑定期复查保守治疗或生育后再行手术治疗。

Case Report: The Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumor, whose paratesticular location is the most common genitourinary site. It is the prerogative of the child and the young adult. On physical examination, a painless scrotal tumefaction is observed. His diagnosis is essentially provided by testicular ultrasound. His therapeutic strategy is codified and based on the combination of chemotherapy and surgical excision or radiotherapy. The precocity of the management and the accuracy of the extension and radiology tests are important for the vital and functional prognosis. We report a case of paratesticular rhabdomysarcoma of alveolar type, diagnosed in front of a large left painless scrotal mass, which has been evolving for less than one month in a 7-year-old child. An inguinal orchiectomy was performed. A histological examination of the excised tissue revealed an epididymal RMS of the alveolar type. Our patient had 9 chemotherapy sessions with vincristine, actinomycin C and cyclophosphamide. Each chemotherapy session took place over four days, with a 21-day cycle. He was evaluated for 4 years and demonstrated good clinical improvement. The experience gained from the index case is crucial for the management of patients with intratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma who must always ensure that the radical inguinal orchiectomy with lymph node dissection is covered by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. This will potentially reduce the chances of tumor recurrence and/or metastasis, thus improving patient prognosis.

Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 30 Months Old Child at the Lagoon Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (CHUMEL) in Cotonou

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue tumor in children. Modern multidisciplinary approaches make it possible to better characterize the different entities and to adapt the treatment accordingly. Paratesticular localization is rare and aggressive. We report here a case of paratesticular localization in a 30 months old boy. Observation: The parents would have noticed a small, painless and rapidly evolving testicular mass in the 6 months old child. Not having health insurance, they went to the hospital only 5 months later. This was followed by a total ablation of the mass (without orchidectomy) and a pleiomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma had been concluded. No chemotherapy was performed and the mass recurred 2 months later. This time, its ablation was followed by a series of non-adapted chemotherapy sessions with irregular follow-ups leading 8 months later to the child’s admission at our department. He presented with a degraded general condition, associating an infectious and anemic syndrome, an important increase of the scrotal mass and the occurrence of a tumoral mass in the left iliac fossa. The tumoral nature of these masses was confirmed on abdominal ultrasound and scan. The tumor was classified stage II (TNM: initial Tumors, Nodes, Metastasis). The multidisciplinary medical staff indicated a total ablation of the two masses, followed by a new session of adapted chemotherapy, in the absence of radiotherapy means. The child died in the immediate surgery follow-ups due to cardiac arrest. Conclusion: In our context of insufficient technical facilities, only early detection and adapted imperative chemotherapy, would have enabled a durable remission in front of the paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma.

附睾脂肪肉瘤腹膜后及腹腔内转移1例报告并文献复习

目的:报告1例罕见的附睾脂肪肉瘤伴腹膜后及腹腔内多次转移病例,提高对本病的诊治水平。方法:回顾分析1例附睾脂肪肉瘤伴腹膜后及腹腔内多次转移患者的临床资料,结合国内外相关文献,探讨附睾脂肪肉瘤的临床表现、诊断及治疗。结果:经腹股沟切口行根治性高位睾丸切除术完整切除肿瘤,10年后出现腹膜后复发转移,肿块上至肾脏上极,下达盆腔,大小15.6 cm×9.4 cm×25.5 cm,包裹左肾及输尿管上段,行左肾及输尿管全长、腹膜后肿瘤切除手术,4年后再次出现腹膜后、腹腔内多发复发转移灶,再次行手术切除,随访1年,死于肺功能衰竭。结论:附睾脂肪肉瘤极为罕见,仔细的临床体检和影像学检查可协助诊断,但最终需病理确诊,应早期行根治性手术切除。放化疗对附睾脂肪肉瘤的作用存在争议。本病有较高的复发率,长期的密切随访是必要的。

Tunica vaginalis testis metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Metastases from pancreas or ampullary malignancies are common,but the spread to testicle and paratesticular tissue is exceedingly rare.To the best of our knowledge,fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the literature.More rarely,metastasis to tunica vaginalis testis occurs without involvement of the testes and epididymis.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old male who complained of painless swelling of the left scrotum for over 1 wk was referred to the Department of Urology.Scrotal ultrasound showed left testicular hydrocele with paratesticular masses.Chest computed tomography revealed lung metastasis and enlarged left supraclavicular lymph node.The blood tumor markersalpha-fetoprotein,human chorionic gonadotropin,and serum lactate dehydrogenase were withinnormal limits.The preoperative diagnosis was left testicular tumor with lung metastasis.Then radical orchidectomy of the left testicle and high ligation of the spermatic cord were performed,and postoperative histopathology suggested metastatic tumors that was confirmed by an abdominal computed tomographic scan.The positive computed tomography findings,in conjunction with the expression of cytokeratin 7(CK7),CK20,CK5/6,and absence of expression of Wilms’tumor suppressor gene 1,calretinin,melanocyte,prostate-specific antigen,thyroid transcription factor-1,GATA binding protein 3,caudal type homeobox 2,and napsinA supported the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.The outcome of this patient was unsatisfactory,and he died 3 mo later.CONCLUSION This case suggests that pancreatic metastatic carcinoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of scrotal enlargement.The advanced age of the patient wassuggestive of a secondary testicular tumor.In addition,careful physical examination and ultrasonography as well as radiological examination have become a standard modality.

儿童睾丸旁炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤2例

分析2例儿童睾丸旁炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤患者资料并复习文献。例1,男,7岁。主诉发现左侧阴囊肿物1个月,B超显示左侧睾丸旁实性肿物。例2,男,9岁。主诉右侧阴囊肿大疼痛1个月,B超显示右侧睾丸背上方实性肿块,范围约3.0 cm×1.9 cm×1.4 cm。2例肿瘤均完整切除,例1标本光镜下肿瘤细胞为纤维组织、胶原纤维中间散在淋巴细胞、浆细胞,可见淋巴滤泡形成,免疫组化:ALK(-),desmin部分(+),SMA(+),CD68散在(+),calretinin(-),S-100(-)。诊断为炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤。例2标本光镜下肿瘤细胞大部分为纤维血管组织,表面无包膜,部分为成纤维细胞,其间可见散在及灶状炎细胞浸润,一侧可见附睾管。免疫组化:SMA(+)、Ki67(+)约为2%。诊断为附睾炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤。术后3个月B超复查,例1随诊4年未见复发,例2失访。