Analyze interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels in dry eye and the therapeutic effect of cyclosporine A

BACKGROUND Dry eye is a common eye disease.Artificial tears supplements are widely used for the treatment of dry eyes.However,multiple adverse effects have been observed in patients receiving long-term treatment with artificial tears,which may affect the therapeutic effect.AIM To analyze the characteristics of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels in patients with dry eye and the therapeutic effect of artificial tears combined with cyclosporine A.METHODS A total of 124 dry eye patients treated at The First People’s Hospital of Xining from April 2020 to April 2022 were selected as the observation group,while 20 healthy individuals served as the control group during the same period.Levels of inflammatory markers,including IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α,were analyzed.The observation group was further divided into a study group and a control group,each consisting of 62 patients.The control group received artificial tears,whereas the study group received a combination of artificial tears and cyclosporine A.Inflammatory markers,Schirmer’s test(SIT),tear break-up time(TBUT),corneal fluorescein staining(CFS),National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25(NEI-VFQ-25)scores,and adverse events(AEs)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The observation group exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αin comparison to the healthy group.Following treatment,the study group demonstrated substantial reductions in IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels relative to the control group.Moreover,after treatment,the study group experienced a marked decrease in CFS scores and significant increases in both SIT and BUT levels when compared to the control group.Additionally,significant improvements were observed in the primary symptom of dry eye and secondary symptoms such as photophobia,foreign body sensation,fatigue,red eye,and burning sensation within the study group.Furthermore,post-treatment NEI-VFQ-25 scores across all dimensions exhibited significant enhancements in the study group compared to the control group(P<0.05).It is noteworthy that significant AEs were reported in both groups throughout the treatment period.CONCLUSION Cyclosporine A combined with artificial tears is effective in treating dry eye,yielding enhanced outcomes by improving SIT and TBUT levels,reducing CFS scores,and ameliorating vision-related quality of life.

Efficacy of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Treating Patients with Gallstones and Its Effect on Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the treatment of patients with gallstones and its effect on the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-a).Methods:A total of 82 patients with gallstones admitted from July 2020 to July 2023 were recruited and allocated into control and observation groups using the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The patients were treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy,with the anterior triangle anatomical approach to the gallbladder in the control group and the posterior triangle anatomical approach to the gallbladder in the observation group.The treatment effect and inflammatory factor levels of both groups were observed and compared.Results:When comparing the clinical outcomes of both patient groups,the key parameters evaluated included time to mobilization,duration of surgery,extubation time,and intraoperative bleeding.The observation group exhibited a significant advantage in these parameters compared to the control group(P<0.05).Regarding the levels of inflammatory factors between the two groups before and after treatment,there was no significant difference in values before treatment.However,following treatment,patients in the observation group showed significantly lower levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and C-reactive protein(CRP)compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones can benefit from the implementation of the posterior triangular anatomical approach to the gallbladder,which not only enhances therapeutic efficacy but also offers significant advantages in reducing levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and CRP.Therefore,it is recommended for the widespread adoption of this treatment approach in clinical practice.

Elevated levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with knee articular cartilage injury

BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1β(IL- 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of keen articular cartilage injury remains poorly understood. AIM To measure the levels of inflammatory factors [IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF] in patients with knee articular cartilage injury. METHODS Fifty-five patients with knee articular cartilage injury were selected as patient groups, who were divided into three grades [mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16)] according to disease severity and X-ray examinations. Meanwhile, 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Compared with the control group, patient groups displayed significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF, and the extent of increase was directly proportional to the severity of injury (P < 0.05). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF in the synovial membrane were significantly increased, along with increased disease severity (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of Orthopaedic Index in patient groups were 2.26 ± 1.13 and 15.56 ± 7.12 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those before treatment (6.98 ± 1.32 and 49.48 ± 8.96). Correlation analysis suggested that IL-1β and TNF-α were positively correlated with VEGF. CONCLUSION IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF levels are increased in patients with knee articular cartilage injury, and are associated with the disease severity, indicating they might play an important role in the occurrence and development of knee articular cartilage injury. Furthermore, therapeutically targeting them might be a novel approach for the treatment of keen articular cartilage injury.

Clinical Implications of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Interleukin-6 and Resistin in Coronary Artery Disease

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are involved in the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). The cytokines’ levels are associated with the severity of CAD. We have recently reported on the association of resistin, a relatively novel cytokine with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the inflammatory cytokines’ impact on atherosclerosis is widely accepted, yet some controversy exists regarding the involvement of these factors in atherogenesis. The current review highlights the potential association of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and resistin SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) with CAD. Molecular genetics data along with the intracellular signaling cascade mechanisms may have important clinical implications in the treatment of CAD.

Gene expression and cellular localizations of tumor necrosis factor-α at the site of implanted bovine cancellous bone in mice

The objective of this study was to determine if mRNA encoding for tumor necrosls factor-α(TNFα) was present at the site of implanted bovine cancellous bone and to observe the cellular localizations. The particles of bovine cancellous bone treated by special chemical reagents were implanted in the mouse’s muscle pouch. removed 5.10 and 20 days after implantation, and the specimens were processed for determining the expression and cellular localizations of TNFα mRNA, which was performed by a nonradioactive in situ hybridization technique. The results showed that (1) 5, 10 and 20 days after transplantation, the TNFα mRNA expressions were positive, andthe positive rate of expression was the highest by 10 days (P<0. 05 ). (2)There was strong hybridization signal localization to the nuclei of morphologically ldentifiable monocytes and multinucleated giant cells. (3)Similar activity was detected in the cytoplasm and (or) nuclei of partial adjacent mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts as well as striated muscle fibers. This finding tended to indicate that mRNA encoding for TNFα was intensely expressed in several kinds of cells and that TNFα seemed to be of importance for the modulation of local cellular immunity in the region of implanted xenogeneic bone.

Jeju seaweeds suppress lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proinflammatory response in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Jeju seaweeds on macrophage RAW264.7 cells under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation.Methods:Ethyl acetate fractions were prepared from five different types of Jeju seaweeds,Dictyopteris divaricata(D.divaricata),Dictyopteris prolifera(D.prolifefa),Prioutis cornea(P.comea,Grateloupia laceolata(G,lanceolate,and Cralcloupia filicina(G.filicina)They were screened for inhibitory effects on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines such as nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandin E,,tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-6(11.-6).Results:Our results revealed that D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G.lanceolata,and G.filicina potently inhibited I.PS-stimulaled NO production(IC_(50),values were 18.0,38.36,38.43,32.81 and 37.14μg/mL,respectively).Consistent with these findings,D.divtricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,and G.fdicina also reduced the IPS-induced and prostaglandin E,production in a concentration-dependent manner.Expectedly,they suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein level in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW264.7 cells,as detennined by western blotting.In addition,the levels of TNF-a and IL-6,released into the medium,were also reduced by D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G,lanceolata,and G.fdicina in a dose-dependent manner(IC_(50)values for TNF-a were 16.11,28.21,84.27,45.52 and74.75μg/mL,respectively;IC_(50),values for IL-6 were 37.35,80.08,103.28,62.53 and 84.28μg/mL,respectively).The total phlorotannin content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as phloroglucinol equivalents.The content was 92.0μg/mg for D.divaricata,151.8μg/mg for D.prolifera,57.2μg/mg for P.cornea,53.0 pg/mg for G.lanceolata,and 40.2μg/mg for G.fdicina.Conclusions:Thus,these findings suggest that Jeju seaweed extracts have potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory responses.

急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清TSG-6、ABCA1预测溶栓后出血转化的价值及与短期预后的关系

目的急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子α刺激基因6(TSG-6)、ATP结合盒亚家族A成员1(ABCA1)预测溶栓后出血转化(HT)的价值及与短期预后的关系。方法选取2021年1月—2023年10月空军军医大学第一附属医院神经内科接受静脉溶栓的AIS患者185例(AIS组)和同期健康体检者100例(健康对照组),AIS患者根据溶栓后是否发生HT分为HT亚组56例和非HT亚组129例,根据溶栓后3个月改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为不良预后亚组47例和良好预后亚组138例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清TSG-6、ABCA1水平;多因素Logistic回归分析AIS患者溶栓后HT的影响因素,Pearson法分析血清TSG-6、ABCA1水平与AIS患者mRS评分的相关性,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析二者对AIS患者溶栓后HT的预测价值。结果与健康对照组比较,AIS组血清TSG-6水平升高,ABCA1水平降低(t/P=12.178/<0.001、25.944/<0.001)。185例AIS患者溶栓后HT发生率为30.27%(56/185)。与非HT亚组比较,HT亚组血清TSG-6水平升高,ABCA1水平降低(t/P=7.607/<0.001、6.784/<0.001)。随访3个月,185例AIS患者溶栓后预后不良发生率为25.41%(47/185)。与良好预后亚组比较,不良预后亚组血清TSG-6水平升高,ABCA1水平降低(t/P=6.876/<0.001、6.470/<0.001)。AIS患者mRS评分与血清TSG-6水平呈正相关(r/P=0.693/<0.001),与ABCA1水平呈负相关(r/P=-0.671/<0.001)。美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)增加、心源性栓塞、TSG6升高为AIS患者溶栓后HT的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.071(1.023~1.121)、2.907(1.077~7.845)、2.075(1.466~2.938)],ABCA1升高为保护因素[OR(95%CI)=0.900(0.858~0.945)]。血清TSG-6、ABCA1水平及二者联合预测AIS患者溶栓后HT的AUC分别为0.802、0.786、0.880,二者联合的AUC大于血清TSG-6、ABCA1水平单独预测(Z/P=3.161/0.002、3.298/0.001)。结论AIS患者血清TSG-6水平升高和ABCA1水平降低,与溶栓后HT发生和短期预后不良相关,血清TSG-6、ABCA1水平联合对AIS患者溶栓后HT的预测价值较高。

活动期溃疡性结肠炎患者血清TSG-6、col-16水平与病情严重程度及临床结局的关系

目的 探讨活动期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子α刺激基因6(TSG-6)、ⅩⅥ型胶原蛋白(col-16)水平与病情严重程度及临床结局的关系。方法 选取2020年1月至2023年1月该院消化内科收治的79例活动期UC患者为活动期UC组,另选取同期该院收治的性别、年龄与活动期UC组相近的56例缓解期UC患者作为缓解期UC组,以及同期在该院体检的60例体检健康者作为对照组。根据改良的Mayo评分将活动期UC患者分为轻度组(n=25)、中度组(n=34)、重度组(n=20),活动期UC患者治疗2个月后根据结肠镜复查结果分为预后良好组(n=58)和预后不良组(n=21)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测各组血清TSG-6、col-16水平,Spearman秩相关分析血清TSG-6、col-16水平与病情严重程度的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析血清TSG-6、col-16水平对临床结局的影响。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清TSG-6、col-16对活动期UC患者预后不良的预测价值。结果 活动期UC组、缓解期UC组血清TSG-6、col-16水平高于对照组,且活动期UC组血清TSG-6、col-16水平高于缓解期UC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度组和中度组血清TSG-6、col-16水平高于轻度组,且重度组血清TSG-6、col-16水平高于中度组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Spearman秩相关分析,活动期UC患者血清TSG-6、col-16与改良的Mayo评分呈正相关(rs=0.695、0.627,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与<159.32 ng/mL比较,血清TSG-6四分位数间距分段为289.15~413.55 ng/mL、>413.55 ng/mL患者预后不良发生风险较高。ROC曲线分析结果显示,TSG-6、col-16预测预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.776、0.764,血清TSG-6、col-16联合检测的预测价值优于单一指标(Z=3.392、4.218,P<0.05)。结论 活动期UC患者血清TSG-6、col-16水平异常升高,且与病情严重程度及临床结局密切相关,血清TSG-6、col-16水平可作为判断病情及预测临床结局的潜在生化指标。

血清GDF-11及TSG-6水平与扩张型心肌病患者心力衰竭风险的相关性

目的探究血清生长分化因子11(GDF-11)、肿瘤坏死因子α刺激基因-6(TSG-6)水平与扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者心力衰竭风险的相关性。方法回顾性选取深圳市龙华区人民医院2019年8月至2022年5月期间收治的174例DCM患者,其中男性患者87例,女性患者87例,年龄50~82岁。根据患者1年内是否并发心力衰竭将其分为心力衰竭组(84例)和无心力衰竭组(90例)。患者均进行血清GDF-11、TSG-6水平测定,收集两组患者临床资料并进行比较,多因素logistic回归分析法分析DCM患者发生心力衰竭的影响因素,用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清GDF-11、TSG-6水平对DCM患者发生心力衰竭的预测价值,用Kaplan-Meier(KM)曲线分析GDF-11、TSG-6水平与患者发生心力衰竭的关系。行χ^(2)检验、独立样本t检验。结果心力衰竭组GDF-11、TSG-6水平均高于无心力衰竭组(均P<0.05)。两组性别、体质量指数(BMI)、合并基础疾病、吸烟史、饮酒史、收缩压、舒张压、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。心力衰竭组年龄、心率(HR)、脑钠肽(BNP)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、血肌酐(Scr)水平高于无心力衰竭组,左心室射血分数(LVEF)水平低于无心力衰竭组(均P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,LVEF水平(OR=0.487,95%CI:0.289~0.818)是DCM患者发生心力衰竭的独立保护因素,BNP水平(OR=6.437,95%CI:1.793~23.104)、GDF-11水平(OR=3.582,95%CI:1.825~7.029)、TSG-6水平(OR=5.421,95%CI:2.329~12.617)是DCM患者发生心力衰竭的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。ROC分析结果显示,GDF-11、TSG-6及二者联合预测DCM心力衰竭的灵敏度分别为72.60%、73.80%、90.50%,特异度分别为71.10%、75.60%、87.80%,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.794、0.818、0.948(均P<0.05)。GDF-11高表达患者与低表达患者KM曲线比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TSG-6高表达患者与低表达患者KM曲线比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清GDF-11、TSG-6与DCM患者心力衰竭风险相关,是影响患者发生心力衰竭的独立危险因素,临床通过联合检测GDF-11和TSG-6水平可较好地预测DCM患者心力衰竭发生情况。

SPP1、DEC1、C1QTNF6蛋白与口腔鳞状细胞癌患者临床病理指标及预后的关系

目的:探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌患者血清重组人分泌型磷蛋白1(SPP1)、软骨分化的表达基因1(DEC1)和补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(C1QTNF6)的表达水平与其临床病理指标及预后的关系。方法:免疫组织化学染色法和电化学发光免疫分析法检测88例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者癌组织和血清中SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白的表达水平;Pearson相关性分析和Kaplan-Meier生存分析法分析患者血清SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白表达水平与其临床病理指标的相关性和对患者预后的影响。多因素Cox回归法分析影响口腔鳞状细胞癌患者预后的危险因素。结果:免疫组织化学染色结果显示口腔鳞状细胞癌患者癌组织中SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白的阳性表达率较癌旁组织分别增加了1.94、2.98和2.35倍(P<0.05或P<0.01);电化学发光免疫分析法结果显示口腔鳞状细胞癌患者血清SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白表达水平较正常人分别上调了8.61、6.20和4.03倍(P<0.05或P<0.01);Pearson相关性分析结果显示患者血清SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白表达水平与患者发生多灶嗜神经侵犯、肿瘤浸润程度、淋巴结转移、较高的TNM分期呈正相关(P<0.05);Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,血清SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白高表达水平的口腔鳞状细胞癌患者总生存率低;多因素Cox回归分析结果表明多灶嗜神经侵犯、肿瘤高浸润度、淋巴结转移和高的TNM分期是影响预后的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:口腔鳞状细胞癌患者癌组织和血清中SPP1、DEC1和C1QTNF6蛋白表达水平升高,且与患者发生多灶嗜神经侵犯、肿瘤浸润和淋巴结转移、较高的TNM分期呈正相关,而与患者预后呈负相关。

Elevation of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels in aortic intima of Chinese Guizhou minipigs with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

Background Large animal models with toxin-mediated pancreatic damage have been used extensively in researches with respect to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diabetic complications. The present study aimed to establish Chinese Guizhou minipig models with streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetes and characterize the animal models by analyzing inflammatory cytokine levels in aortic wall, such as tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α, interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. Methods Twenty-two male Chinese Guizhou minipigs （age, 4 to 6 months; weight, 20 kg to 30 kg） were divided into STZ-induced diabetic group （n=-12） and control group （n=-10）. STZ （125 mg/kg） was administrated to induce hyperglycemia and afterwards insulin was used to control fasting blood glucose levels below 10 mmol/L. Oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） was performed before and one month after STZ administration and serum concentrations of alanine transaminase, asparegine transaminase, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lipids and white blood cell count were measured before and six months later. Animals in both groups were euthanized after six months and pancreas was examined immunohistochemically for islet 13 cells. Aortic intima of diabetic minipigs and controls was analyzed for TNF-α level in tissue conditioned medium by Western blot. TNF-α, IL-β and IL-6 mFINA levels in aortic intima were assayed by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction （FIT-PCR）. Results Significant elevation in serum glucose levels was observed one month and six months after STZ induction （P〈0.001） and markedly increased OGTT values were noted, compared with baseline data. The normal pancreas had many irregular sized islets and small clusters of islet β cells, while in pancreas of diabetic minipigs islet β ceils almost disappeared. No statistical difference was notified in serum concentrations of biochemical examinations before and six months after STZ induction. Westem blot demonstrated dramatically increased TNF-α level in aotic intima conditioned medium, and significant elevation of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels was revealed by RT-PCR. Conclusions The present study has established Chinese Guizhou minipig models with STZ-induced diabetes. Inflammatory cytokines （TNF-α, IL-β and IL-6） significantly elevated in aortic intima of diabetic minipigs.

Effect of Xuezhikang Capsule(血脂康胶囊)on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-αand Interleukin-6 in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperlipidemia

Objective：To evaluate the effect of Xuezhikang Capsule（血脂康胶囊） on the serum levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-6（IL-6） in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD） and hyperlipidemia,and to explore whether it has anti-inflammatory effect.Methods：A total of 84 patients were randomly assigned to two groups with stratified block randomization, the treatment group（42 cases） and the control group（42 cases）.They were treated with Xuezhikang Capsule and polyene phosphatidylcholine capsule for twenty-four weeks,respectively.The changes in serum TNF-αand IL-6 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before treatment and at the 12th and 24th week. Results：Compared with those before treatment,the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-6 significantly decreased in both groups after treatment（P〈0.01）.There was no significant change between the two groups for the treatments at different time points（P〉0.05） and between the two groups for treatments at the same time points （P〉0.05）.Conclusion：Xuezhikang Capsule can inhibit the serum inflammatory factor in patients with NAFLD and hyperlipidemia.

Heat shock protein 70-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms in Chinese children with Henoch- Schönlein purpura

Background:Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)or IgAassociated vasculitis is related to immune disturbances.Polymorphisms of the heat shock protein 70-2 gene(HSP70-2)and the tumor necrosis factor-αgene(TNF-α)are known to be associated with immune diseases.The purpose of this study was to investigate the likely association of HSP70-2(+1267A/G)and TNF-α(+308A/G)gene polymorphisms with HSP in children.Methods:The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to detect the HSP70-2 and TNF-αpolymorphisms in 205 cases of children with HSP and 53 controls;and the association of these polymorphisms with HSP and HSP nephritis(HSPN)was analyzed.Results:The G/G genotypic frequencies at the+1267A/G position of HSP70-2 in the HSP group(22.9%)were signifi cantly higher than those in the healthy control group(9.4%)(χ^(2)=4.764,P<0.05).The frequencies of the A/A,A/G and G/G genotypes of HSP70-2 in patients in the nephritis-free group and the HSPN group showed no statistically significant difference.The A/A genotype frequency at the+308G/A position of TNF-αin the HSP group was 8.3%,which was higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=6.447,P<0.05).The A allele frequency of TNF-αin the HSP group was higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=7.241,P<0.05).Conclusions:The HSP70-2(+1267A/G)and TNF-α(+308G/A)gene polymorphisms were associated with HSP in children.The G/G homozygosity of HSP70-2 and the A/A homozygosity of TNF-αmay be genetic predisposing factors for HSP.

Effects of Modified Sanhuang Decoction (加味三黄汤) Enemaon Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Colonic Mucosa Interleukin-1β,Interleukin-6 Levels in Ulcerative Colitis Rats

Objective：To investigate the effects of Modified Sanhuang Decoction（加味三黄汤,MSD）enema on the serum tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α）and colonic mucosa interleukin-1β（IL-1β）,interleukin-6（IL-6）levels in experimental ulcerative colitis（UC）rats.Methods：Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups：normal group（n=12）,model group（n=11）,salazosulfapyridine（SASP）group（n=11）and MSD group（n=11）.The UC model was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid（TNBS）/ethanol solution.Rats in the normal group and model group were clystered with 0.9%normal saline,while in the SASP group and MSD group were clystered with SASP and MSD enema,respectively.After drug administration（10 mL/kg body weight,for 7 days）,colonic gross changes and colonic mucosa histology were observed,serum TNF-αand colonic mucosa IL-1β,IL-6 levels were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay,respectively.Results：As compared with the normal group,the experimental UC rats,the colonic mucosal damage index scores（CMDIs）,histopathological scores（HS）and the serum TNF-a and colonic mucosa IL-1β,IL-6 levels significantly increased（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.In the MSD and SASP groups,the ulcer area significantly reduced,and edema disappeared.The CMDIs,HS,the serum TNF-a and colonic mucosa IL-1β,IL-6 levels in the MSD and SASP groups significantly decreased（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）compared with the model group.The CMDIs in the MSD group were lower than that in the SASP group（P〈0.05）,but there were no significant differences in HS,serum TNF-αor colonic mucosa IL-1β,IL-6 levels between the MSD and SASP groups.Conclusion：MSD enema can improve colonic mucosa impairment and decrease serum TNF-αand colonic mucosa IL-1β,IL-6 levels in experimental UC.

Correlation of tumor necrosis factor-β and interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphism with susceptibility to bacteremia in patients undergoing kidney transplantation

Background Bacteremia remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after kidney transplantation. This study was conducted to investigate whether the polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-β, interleukin （IL）-1β, and IL-1 receptor antagonist （IL-lra） gene predicted the susceptibility to bacteremia within the first 6 months after kidney transplantation. Methods Subjects comprised 82 infected kidney transplant recipients and 60 non-infected kidney transplant recipients. Bacteremia was diagnosed in 16 of the 82 infected recipients. Genomic DNA from these 142 kidney transplant recipients was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Regions containing the Ncol polymorphic site at position ＋252 of TNF-β gene and the Aval polymorphic site at position -511 of IL-Iβ gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and subsequently digested with Ncol and Aval restriction enzymes, respectively. The polymorphic regions within intron 2 of IL-lra gene containing variable numbers of a tandem repeat （VNTR） of 86 base pairs were amplified by PCR. Results Genotypic and allelic frequencies were similar between infected recipients and non-infected ones. Individual locus analysis showed that recipient TNF-β and IL-lra gene polymorphisms were not associated with the presence of bacteremia （P=0.684 and P=0.567, respectively）. However, genotype analysis revealed that recipient IL-1β 511CC genotype was strongly associated with susceptibility to develop bacteremia （P=0.003）. Recipient IL-1β-511CC genotype （odds ratio 5.242, 95% confidence intervals 1.645-16.706, P=0.005） independently predicted the risk for bacteremia within the first 6 months after kidney transplantation. Conclusions These findings indicate a critical role of IL-1β gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to bacteremia after kidney transplantation, which may be useful to screen for patients at higher risk for post-transplant bacteremias. Thus, the identified individuals can benefit from preventive treatment and a less potent immunosuppressive regimen.

促甲状腺激素对大鼠脂肪组织中瘦素、脂联素、TNF-α及IL-6表达水平的影响

目的观察促甲状腺激素(TSH)对大鼠脂肪组织中瘦素、脂联素、TNF-α及IL-6表达水平的影响。方法将24只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组、每组8只。完全甲减组手术完全切除甲状腺,皮下注射生理盐水。正常对照组行甲状腺切除假手术,皮下注射生理盐水。亚临床甲减组手术完全切除甲状腺,于颈背部每日皮下注射左甲状腺素钠溶液建立亚临床甲减模型。建模成功后,留取各组附睾周围的内脏脂肪组织,分别采用Western blotting、Real-time PCR法检测其瘦素、脂联素、TNF-α、IL-6蛋白及mRNA表达水平。结果亚临床甲减组及完全甲减组脂肪组织瘦素、TNF-α及IL-6蛋白及mRNA表达水平高于正常对照组(P均<0.05),而脂联素蛋白及mRNA表达水平低于正常对照组(P均<0.05)。完全甲减组脂肪组织瘦素、TNF-α及IL-6蛋白及mRNA表达水平高于亚临床甲减组(P均<0.05),而脂联素蛋白及mRNA表达水平低于亚临床甲减组(P均<0.05)。结论 TSH能促进大鼠脂肪组织瘦素、TNF-α、IL-6表达,抑制脂联素表达。

TSG-6基因在脂肪组织中的表达及其与肥胖的关系

目的 鉴定TSG-6基因在正常和肥胖儿童脂肪组织中的表达,探讨该基因与肥胖的关系。方法采用RT-PCR技术检测正常和肥胖儿童皮下脂肪组织中TSG-6基因的表达水平,并测序鉴定。结果 TSG-6基因表达于儿童的脂肪组织,且肥胖组患儿皮下脂肪组织中TSG-6基因的表达水平显著高于正常对照组。结论TST-6基因是一个新的与肥胖发生相关基因,可能与肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1(IL-1)共同调节肥胖的发生。

肿瘤坏死因子α刺激基因6因子对脑梗死大鼠血脑屏障的保护作用

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α刺激基因6因子(TSG-6)对脑梗死大鼠血脑屏障(BBB)通透性及紧密连接蛋白ZO-1和Claudin5表达的影响。方法将42只雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为假手术组6只、溶剂治疗组18只和TSG-6治疗组18只,后2组按再灌注时间分为再灌注1d组、3d组、5d组,每个亚组6只。线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉脑栓塞模型。TTC染色评价脑梗死体积;荧光分光光度法测定缺血侧脑组织伊文蓝(EB)含量评价BBB的通透性;神经功能损害评分(mNSS)评价神经功能改善情况;Western blot法检测脑组织ZO-1和Claudin5蛋白的表达。结果与溶剂治疗组比较,TSG-6治疗组大鼠缺血再灌注3d组和5d组mNSS评分、脑梗死体积和伊文蓝含量明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),TSG-6治疗组3d组和5d组脑梗死侧的ZO-1和Claudin5蛋白含量明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 TSG-6能够有效的抑制脑梗死大鼠BBB紧密连接蛋白ZO-1和Claudin5表达的丢失,促进BBB修复,减轻脑水肿,加快神经功能恢复。

类风湿性关节炎患者血清GM-CSF、IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α的水平测定及临床意义

目的检测类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者血清中性粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素17(IL-17)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的水平,探讨这些细胞因子在RA发病过程中的意义。方法收集门诊RA患者血清81例(静止期36例、活动期45例),健康对照组血清50例,评估RA患者疾病活性分数28(DAS28),应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中GM-CSF、IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α的水平,结果用中位数(四分位数间距)表示。结果 GM-CSF在静止期、活动期RA患者和健康对照组血清中的浓度分别为12.7(9.7)、27.4(34.8)和6.2(5.2)pg/mL;IL-6在3组血清中的浓度分别为8.5(10.5)、47.1(43.8)和4.7(5.3)pg/mL;IL-17在3组血清中的浓度分别为19.3(16.4)、23.4(19.5)和20.8(16.1)pg/mL;TNF-α在3组血清中的浓度分别为42.7(37.2)、76.2(42.4)和34.1(21.9)pg/mL;活动期RA患者血清中GM-CSF、IL-6和TNF-α的水平显著高于静止期RA患者和健康对照组(P<0.01);静止期RA患者血清中GM-CSF、IL-6和TNF-α的水平显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05);IL-17在3组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RA患者组中,GM-CSF与IL-6和TNF-α显著相关(r=0.637、0.738,P均<0.001);GM-CSF与IL-17无相关性(r=0.171,P=0.426)。RA患者DAS28与GM-CSF、IL-6和TNF-α显著相关(r=0.583、0.656、0.758,P均<0.001)。结论 GM-CSF、IL-6和TNF-α在RA的发病过程中具有重要作用;GM-CSF对于调节RA患者IL-6和TNF-α的水平可能具有重要意义。

运动干预对负性情绪刺激老年大鼠皮质酮、C反应蛋白、白介素6及肿瘤坏死因子的影响

目的探讨运动干预对负性情绪刺激SD老年大鼠血清皮质酮(COR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的影响。方法采用对老年大鼠负性情绪刺激,然后进行运动干预实验设计,观察血清COR、CRP、IL-6和TNF-α含量变化。结果3w负性情绪刺激后COR、IL-6、CRP升高非常显著,TNF-α显著升高;运动干预降低负性情绪导致的IL-6、TNF-α、CRP高水平状态。结论负性情绪刺激促使老年大鼠产生炎症免疫抑制。适宜运动具有抗炎作用。