Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are often misdiagnosed as brain tumors. To identify imaging characteristics of TDLs for their proper diagnosis, their differences from malignant gliomas, etc., were investigate...Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are often misdiagnosed as brain tumors. To identify imaging characteristics of TDLs for their proper diagnosis, their differences from malignant gliomas, etc., were investigated based on 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy data that was obtained from 5 patients diagnosed with TDLs in our hospital. MfRI displayed a paraventricular lesion with a maximum diameter of ≥2 cm. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) displayed a region of bright signal intensity at the margin of the lesion, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging displayed high signal intensity at the core of the lesion. The mass effect was mild relative to the size of the lesion, and the edema around the lesion was mild to moderate. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI displayed a characteristic open-ring sign, in which the ring of enhancement was incomplete (open towards the cortex), with the medullary vein running through the lesion, resulting in the enhancement of the surrounding area. MR spectroscopy displayed an increase in the choline peak, a decrease in the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) peak, the presence of lactate/lipid peaks, and the presence of β, γ-glutamate-glutamine (GLX) peaks that are slightly shifted to a higher resonance frequency (2.1 - 2.4 ppm) from the NAA peak. Taken together, the following main characteristics were identified as imaging features of TDLs: bright rim on DWI, a high signal core on ADC imaging, an open-ring sign, and β, γ-GLX peaks on proton MR spectroscopy. We concluded that the key to the improvement of neurological symptoms of patients is the prompt initiation of steroid treatment following the accurate diagnosis of TDLs.展开更多
Accompanying rapid developments in hepatic surgery,the number of surgeries and identifications of histological types of primary hepatic space-occupying lesions (PHSOLs) have increased dramatically.This has led to many...Accompanying rapid developments in hepatic surgery,the number of surgeries and identifications of histological types of primary hepatic space-occupying lesions (PHSOLs) have increased dramatically.This has led to many changes in the surgicopathological spectrum of PHSOLs,and has contributed to a theoretical basis for modern hepatic surgery and oncological pathology.Between 1982 and 2009 at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH) in Shanghai,31 901 patients underwent surgery and were diagnosed as having a PHSOL.In this paper,we present an analysis of the PHSOL cases at the EHBH for this time period,along with results from a systematic literature review.We describe a surgicopathological spectrum comprising more than 100 types of PHSOLs that can be stratified into three types:tumor-like,benign,and malignant.We also stratified the PHSOLs into six subtypes derived from hepatocytes;cholangiocytes;vascular,lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues;muscular,fibrous and adipose tissues;neural and neuroendocrine tissues;and miscellaneous tissues.The present study provides a new classification system that can be used as a current reference for clinicians and pathologists to make correct diagnoses and differential diagnoses among various PHSOLs.展开更多
A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the litera...A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the literature with far fewer outside the bones of the hand, feet, fingers, and toes. Although the etiology is unknown, a relationship to preceding trauma is suggested. The imaging and histologic features show an overlap with other bone lesions including bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, subungual exostosis, and malignant surface tumors of bone and cartilage which include, periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma. It is important to recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of RPO as a benign entity so that it is not mistaken for a more aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a right distal humeral lesion that on histopathological review revealed florid RPO. This diagnosis was not suspected on imaging studies, but was made on open biopsy of the mass. The patient remains disease free, years postoperatively. In addition to presenting this unique case report, we review the pertinent literature, and offer a differential diagnosis and treatment strategy for its management.展开更多
The descending duodenum is rarely involved in Schistosoma japonicum(S. japonicum) infection. Here, we report a case of acute Schistosoma infection, which presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and irregul...The descending duodenum is rarely involved in Schistosoma japonicum(S. japonicum) infection. Here, we report a case of acute Schistosoma infection, which presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and irregular fever. Tumor-like lesions were observed in the descending duodenum. Simultaneously, heterogeneity in hepatic perfusion was demonstrated by dynamic computed tomography scanning. Biopsy of the descending duodenum showed the deposition of Schistosoma eggs. Following administration of the antihelminthic drug praziquantel, the patient showed rapid clinical improvement. In conclusion, we report a patient with acute S. japonicum infection presenting as tumor-like lesions in the descending duodenum and heterogeneity of blood perfusion in liver parenchyma.展开更多
Tumefactive demyelinating lesions （TDLs）,[1-3] previously named as tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease[4,5] or demyelinating pseudotumor,[6] are relatively special type of immune-mediated inflammatory demy...Tumefactive demyelinating lesions （TDLs）,[1-3] previously named as tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease[4,5] or demyelinating pseudotumor,[6] are relatively special type of immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system （CNS）,[7] which mainly occur within cerebrum,but rarely in spinal cord.TDLs are so named because it mimics brain tumors with such characteristics as less severe symptoms,large lesions with perilesional edema,mass effect and/or enhancement on neuroimaging,and easily misdiagnosed as brain tumors.[8,9]展开更多
Typical acute demyelinating lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) exhibit vasogenic edema with increased diffusion, as demonstrated by the appearance of a bright signal on apparent diffusion coeffic...Typical acute demyelinating lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) exhibit vasogenic edema with increased diffusion, as demonstrated by the appearance of a bright signal on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),[1] while acute ischemic stroke lesions demonstrate restricted diffusion and low signal on ADC maps.展开更多
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations have been administered worldwide, with occasional reports of associated neurological complications. Specifically, the impact of vacci...BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations have been administered worldwide, with occasional reports of associated neurological complications. Specifically, the impact of vaccinations on individuals with Xlinked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1(CMTX1) is unclear. Patients with CMTX1 can have stroke-like episodes with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), although this is rare.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man was admitted with episodic aphasia and dysphagia for 2 d. He received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination 39 d before admission. Physical examination showed pes cavus and reduced tendon reflexes. Brain MRI showed bilateral, symmetrical, restricted diffusion with T2 hyperintensities in the cerebral hemispheres. Nerve conduction studies revealed peripheral nerve damage. He was diagnosed with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and a hemizygous mutation in the GJB1 gene on the X chromosome, known to be pathogenic for CMTX1, was identified. Initially, we suspected transient ischemic attack or demyelinating leukoencephalopathy. We initiated treatment with antithrombotic therapy and immunotherapy. At 1.5 mo after discharge, brain MRI showed complete resolution of lesions, with no recurrence.CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could be a predisposing factor for CMTX1 and trigger a sudden presentation.展开更多
目的总结瘤样脱髓鞘病(tumefactive demyelinating lesions, TDLs)与瘤样原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(tumefactive primary angiitis of the central nervous system, TPACNS)的MRI特点,为临床鉴别提供重要参考依据。方法选择2009年12月至...目的总结瘤样脱髓鞘病(tumefactive demyelinating lesions, TDLs)与瘤样原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(tumefactive primary angiitis of the central nervous system, TPACNS)的MRI特点,为临床鉴别提供重要参考依据。方法选择2009年12月至2018年3月于衡水市第四人民医院和解放军总医院第六医学中心住院治疗的经病理证实的TPACNS患者19例和TDLs患者17例,回顾性分析二者的MRI特点。结果 TPACNS和TDLs的发病平均年龄分别为(32.0±13.7)岁和(39.3±12.8)岁,差异无统计学意义(P=0.113)。TPACNS平均病程(42.2±7.7)周,明显长于TDLs组[(4.0±2.7)周],差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。TPACNS以慢性起病常见,TDLs则以亚急性起病常见,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TPACNS组病灶累及皮质或皮质下明显多于TDLs组,病灶累及脑干明显少于TDLs组。所有TPACNS的T1WI、T2WI病灶均为不均匀病灶,而所有TDLs均呈均匀病灶。TPACNS组中12例的DWI呈病灶中心低信号、周边高信号,TDLs组则无。TPACNS组中12例呈现不规则、不连续、不均匀强化,可表现为不规则肠腔样强化、不规则不均一弥漫样强化、不规则不连续壁薄厚不均匀强化。TDLs组强化方式多样。结论 TDLs和TPACNS患者的MRI影像学有一定特征,累及部位、T1WI、T2WI及DWI信号特点、病灶均匀度、MRI增强图像,对于鉴别TDLs和TPACNS有重大提示意义。展开更多
文摘Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are often misdiagnosed as brain tumors. To identify imaging characteristics of TDLs for their proper diagnosis, their differences from malignant gliomas, etc., were investigated based on 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy data that was obtained from 5 patients diagnosed with TDLs in our hospital. MfRI displayed a paraventricular lesion with a maximum diameter of ≥2 cm. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) displayed a region of bright signal intensity at the margin of the lesion, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging displayed high signal intensity at the core of the lesion. The mass effect was mild relative to the size of the lesion, and the edema around the lesion was mild to moderate. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI displayed a characteristic open-ring sign, in which the ring of enhancement was incomplete (open towards the cortex), with the medullary vein running through the lesion, resulting in the enhancement of the surrounding area. MR spectroscopy displayed an increase in the choline peak, a decrease in the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) peak, the presence of lactate/lipid peaks, and the presence of β, γ-glutamate-glutamine (GLX) peaks that are slightly shifted to a higher resonance frequency (2.1 - 2.4 ppm) from the NAA peak. Taken together, the following main characteristics were identified as imaging features of TDLs: bright rim on DWI, a high signal core on ADC imaging, an open-ring sign, and β, γ-GLX peaks on proton MR spectroscopy. We concluded that the key to the improvement of neurological symptoms of patients is the prompt initiation of steroid treatment following the accurate diagnosis of TDLs.
基金Supported by The National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.30872506 and No.81072026
文摘Accompanying rapid developments in hepatic surgery,the number of surgeries and identifications of histological types of primary hepatic space-occupying lesions (PHSOLs) have increased dramatically.This has led to many changes in the surgicopathological spectrum of PHSOLs,and has contributed to a theoretical basis for modern hepatic surgery and oncological pathology.Between 1982 and 2009 at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH) in Shanghai,31 901 patients underwent surgery and were diagnosed as having a PHSOL.In this paper,we present an analysis of the PHSOL cases at the EHBH for this time period,along with results from a systematic literature review.We describe a surgicopathological spectrum comprising more than 100 types of PHSOLs that can be stratified into three types:tumor-like,benign,and malignant.We also stratified the PHSOLs into six subtypes derived from hepatocytes;cholangiocytes;vascular,lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues;muscular,fibrous and adipose tissues;neural and neuroendocrine tissues;and miscellaneous tissues.The present study provides a new classification system that can be used as a current reference for clinicians and pathologists to make correct diagnoses and differential diagnoses among various PHSOLs.
基金Supported by The University of Alabama at Birmingham,Alabama and The Orthopaedic Center,Birmingham,AL,United States
文摘A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the literature with far fewer outside the bones of the hand, feet, fingers, and toes. Although the etiology is unknown, a relationship to preceding trauma is suggested. The imaging and histologic features show an overlap with other bone lesions including bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, subungual exostosis, and malignant surface tumors of bone and cartilage which include, periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma. It is important to recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of RPO as a benign entity so that it is not mistaken for a more aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a right distal humeral lesion that on histopathological review revealed florid RPO. This diagnosis was not suspected on imaging studies, but was made on open biopsy of the mass. The patient remains disease free, years postoperatively. In addition to presenting this unique case report, we review the pertinent literature, and offer a differential diagnosis and treatment strategy for its management.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81270506 and No.81570555Clinical Research Physician Program of Tongji Medical College,No.HUST(2017)
文摘The descending duodenum is rarely involved in Schistosoma japonicum(S. japonicum) infection. Here, we report a case of acute Schistosoma infection, which presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and irregular fever. Tumor-like lesions were observed in the descending duodenum. Simultaneously, heterogeneity in hepatic perfusion was demonstrated by dynamic computed tomography scanning. Biopsy of the descending duodenum showed the deposition of Schistosoma eggs. Following administration of the antihelminthic drug praziquantel, the patient showed rapid clinical improvement. In conclusion, we report a patient with acute S. japonicum infection presenting as tumor-like lesions in the descending duodenum and heterogeneity of blood perfusion in liver parenchyma.
文摘Tumefactive demyelinating lesions （TDLs）,[1-3] previously named as tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease[4,5] or demyelinating pseudotumor,[6] are relatively special type of immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system （CNS）,[7] which mainly occur within cerebrum,but rarely in spinal cord.TDLs are so named because it mimics brain tumors with such characteristics as less severe symptoms,large lesions with perilesional edema,mass effect and/or enhancement on neuroimaging,and easily misdiagnosed as brain tumors.[8,9]
文摘Typical acute demyelinating lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) exhibit vasogenic edema with increased diffusion, as demonstrated by the appearance of a bright signal on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),[1] while acute ischemic stroke lesions demonstrate restricted diffusion and low signal on ADC maps.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Project,No. SGLH20180628161804465The Clinical Research Project of The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University,No. 20203357035 and No. 20223357021。
文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations have been administered worldwide, with occasional reports of associated neurological complications. Specifically, the impact of vaccinations on individuals with Xlinked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1(CMTX1) is unclear. Patients with CMTX1 can have stroke-like episodes with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), although this is rare.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man was admitted with episodic aphasia and dysphagia for 2 d. He received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination 39 d before admission. Physical examination showed pes cavus and reduced tendon reflexes. Brain MRI showed bilateral, symmetrical, restricted diffusion with T2 hyperintensities in the cerebral hemispheres. Nerve conduction studies revealed peripheral nerve damage. He was diagnosed with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and a hemizygous mutation in the GJB1 gene on the X chromosome, known to be pathogenic for CMTX1, was identified. Initially, we suspected transient ischemic attack or demyelinating leukoencephalopathy. We initiated treatment with antithrombotic therapy and immunotherapy. At 1.5 mo after discharge, brain MRI showed complete resolution of lesions, with no recurrence.CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could be a predisposing factor for CMTX1 and trigger a sudden presentation.
文摘目的总结瘤样脱髓鞘病(tumefactive demyelinating lesions, TDLs)与瘤样原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(tumefactive primary angiitis of the central nervous system, TPACNS)的MRI特点,为临床鉴别提供重要参考依据。方法选择2009年12月至2018年3月于衡水市第四人民医院和解放军总医院第六医学中心住院治疗的经病理证实的TPACNS患者19例和TDLs患者17例,回顾性分析二者的MRI特点。结果 TPACNS和TDLs的发病平均年龄分别为(32.0±13.7)岁和(39.3±12.8)岁,差异无统计学意义(P=0.113)。TPACNS平均病程(42.2±7.7)周,明显长于TDLs组[(4.0±2.7)周],差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。TPACNS以慢性起病常见,TDLs则以亚急性起病常见,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TPACNS组病灶累及皮质或皮质下明显多于TDLs组,病灶累及脑干明显少于TDLs组。所有TPACNS的T1WI、T2WI病灶均为不均匀病灶,而所有TDLs均呈均匀病灶。TPACNS组中12例的DWI呈病灶中心低信号、周边高信号,TDLs组则无。TPACNS组中12例呈现不规则、不连续、不均匀强化,可表现为不规则肠腔样强化、不规则不均一弥漫样强化、不规则不连续壁薄厚不均匀强化。TDLs组强化方式多样。结论 TDLs和TPACNS患者的MRI影像学有一定特征,累及部位、T1WI、T2WI及DWI信号特点、病灶均匀度、MRI增强图像,对于鉴别TDLs和TPACNS有重大提示意义。
