Forced Compressed Air Cooling System for a 300 MW Steam Turbine in Waigaoqiao Power Plant

The 300 MW steam turbine installed in Waigaoqiao Power Plant with combined HPIP cylinders of double casing structure is a product of the Shanghai Turbine Works utilizing licensed technology. It has a large heat storage capacity and good thermal insulation, so the metal temperature of first stage of HP cylinder (FSMTI) may reach 400-450℃ after shut down and it takes 7-8 days to cool to 150℃ by natural cooling, Now with a forced cooling system the cooling time may be reduced to 40 hours, so that the turbine may be opened for repair work in about 5-6 days. The cooling system for #2 unit and test procedure are briefly described below.

Numerical simulation of HP rotor cooling configuration using parameterized method

This paper implemented cooling configuration design on certain gas turbine HP rotor using parameterized method.It is convenient for complicated gas turbine blade modeling using parameters and also benefit for the geometry modify in later period.Parameterized modeling is the foundation of air cooling turbine blade design method engineering application.Mesh quality can be awarded when generated complicated cooling configuration blade grids,and also the increase of calculation error can arise by many mesh blocks.Film cooling and serpentine passage can effectively enhance the cooling effectiveness and protect blade.

Investigation of convection cooling guide vane with conjugate heat transfer method

This paper studied a certain blade with ten radial cooling holes which employed conjugate heat transfer method. The cooling air entered the cooling channel from the bottom of the blade and went out from the top, it was not ejected into the main flow. This paper used different numerical conditions including different turbulence models,turbulence intensities,thermal conduction coefficients and the influence on fluid property via temperature variation. The temperature distribution and pressure distribution of the blade were compared with experimental data. The results show that the numerical results using different turbulence models are almost identical to experimental data even little deviation occurs at shock wave location. The trends of temperature distribution under different numerical conditions are coincident to experimental data,especially Reynolds stress turbulence model. It can be concluded that anisotropic turbulence models can simulate the transition from laminar to turbulence,and the influence of turbulence intensity on laminar region and transition region is more than that on developed turbulent region.

Analysis of Film Cooling Effectiveness on Shaped Hole and Antivortex Hole

Film cooling is introduction of a secondary fluid （coolant or injected fluid） at one or more discrete locations along a surface exposed to a high temperature environment to protect that surface not only in the immediate region of injection but also downstream region. This paper numerically investigated the film cooling effectiveness on two types of hole geometries which are cut-shaped hole and antivortex hole. The 3D computational geometries are modeled with a single 30 deg angled hole on a flat surface. The different blowing ratios of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5,5 and k-Epsilon turbulence model are used in this study. A two dimensional distribution of film cooling effectiveness in the downstream region of the cooling hole is performed. A comparison of spanwise averaged effectiveness is also performed in the field starts from center point of hole to X/D=-30.

Optimization of cooling structures in gas turbines:A review

Attempts for higher output power and thermal efficiency of gas turbines make the inlet temperature of turbine to be far beyond the material melting temperature.Therefore,to protect the airfoil in gas turbine from hot gas and eventually prolong the lifetime of the blade,internal and film cooling structures with better thermal performance and cooling effectiveness are urgently needed.However,the traditional way of proceeding involves numerous simulations,additional experiments,and separate trials.Optimization of turbine cooling structures is an effective way to achieve better structures with higher overall performances while considering the multiple objectives,disciplines or subsystems.In this context,this paper reviews optimization research works on film cooling structures and internal cooling structures in gas turbines by means of various optimization methods.This review covers the following aspects:(A)optimization of film cooling conducted on flat plates and on turbine blades or vanes;(B)optimization of jet impingement cooling structures;(C)optimization of rib shapes,dimple shapes,pin–fin arrays in the cooling channels;(D)optimization of U-bend shaped cooling channels,and internal cooling systems of turbine blades or vanes.The review shows that through a reliable and accurate optimization procedure combined with conjugate heat transfer analysis,higher overall thermal performance can be acquired for single-objective or multi-objectives balanced by other constrained conditions.Future ways forward are pointed out in this review.

Conjugate heat transfer investigation of cooled turbine using the preconditioned density-based algorithm

The preconditioned density-based conjugate heat transfer(CHT)algorithm was used to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of a cooled turbine vane.Fluid domain provided boundary heat flux for solid domain and obtained boundary temperature from it for the coupling strategy.The governing equations were solved by the preconditioned density-based finite-volume method,with preconditioning matrix,improved Abu-Gharmam Shaw(AGS)transition model,matrix dissipation scheme and four kinds of turbulence models.The grid system is multi-block structured grids for fluid domain and unstructured grids for solid domain,with full-matched grids at the fluid-solid interfaces.The effects of turbulence model,outlet Mach number,outlet Reynolds number,inlet turbulence intensity and the temperature ratio of blade surface/gas on the local heat transfer performance were studied.Results indicate that the k-o shear-stress transport(SST)and AGS model can predict the conjugate heat transfer better than others.The Mach number and Reynolds number have relatively obvious influences on the heat transfer,while the turbulence intensity and temperature ratio only have slight influences.Comparisons with experimental data demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of the numerical algorithm.

Heat transfer characteristics in a rotating AR=4:1 channel with different channel orientations at high rotation numbers

In order to reveal the effect of channel orientations on rotational heat transfer performance,this paper presents an experimental model of AR=4:1 smooth rectangular channel.The stationary and rotational heat transfer characteristics of the channel are studied in the range of Re=10,000-40,000 and Ro=0-1.23 under the channel orientation of 90°and 135°,which represent the basic one and realistic one,respectively.The experimental results indicate that for the trailing wall,the 90°channel shows a typical large range enhancement of rotational heat transfer,while the rotational effect becomes negative in most areas at 135°case.As the rotation number exceeds 0.7,the heat transfer of the trailing surface is greatly improved by rotational effect in 90°channel.When the channel was orientated at 135°,the leading surface heat transfer is more sensitive to rotation under the low rotation number(Ro<0.3),and 20%-30%worse than non-rotating cases.The averaged Nusselt ratios correlations under the channel orientation of 90°and 135°have been developed for further engineering applications.