Turkish Foreign Policy in the Middle East After Arab Spring

Turkish policymakers＇ main focus was on how to play an effective regional role in the events and issues of the Middle East, such as mediation in resolving conflicts. Consequently, the paper will attempt to address the following questions： What is the impact of Turkish foreign policy towards the Arab Spring under Justice and Development Party （AKP： Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi） rule？ What is the future of Turkey in the Middle East in light of the revolutionary variables in the region？ The main aim of this paper is to explore Turkish foreign policy towards the Middle East under the AKP rule particularly after the Arab Spring. The paper attempts to anticipate the future of Turkish foreign policy and Turkey＇s role in the Middle East.

In the Context of the Political Economy of Sub-Saharan Africa During the Post-colonial Period: Turkey’s African Investments Example of “Renaissance DAM”

The strategy implemented by the Republic of Turkey in Sub-Saharan Africa needs to be examined not only in terms of Geopolitics,but also in terms of Political Economy.From this point of view,it is necessary to examine the economic difficulties or advantages that may arise.In our era,it is still being revealed whether it finds a response in“Hierarchical African policies”and whether“white rule”in Africa can continue effectively.The trade systematics and ranking of the top five countries in Africa’s trade system are also changing.The most important data is that the will of African people and decision makers not to be“passive”is also visible.The hypothesis of the article is that the political negotiation process,which will be created under equal conditions,can be organized by increasing commercial dependence.African history and the political structure of Africa have not only a geopolitical point of view.The African continent,which was seen as a raw material and human resource during the colonial period,was also subjected to foreign influence in terms of“European Harmony”and other theories of domination.The role of Africa in the system put forward by Klemens von Metternich is being re-examined by the emerging new powers in the contemporary world.In this context,undoubtedly,the thesis“African solutions to Africa’s problems”put forward by Turkey should be considered not only as a point of view,but also as a historical,economic and sociological proposition.In this study,Turkey’s current policies towards sub-Saharan Africa will be discussed on the example of the Renaissance dam.What policies are needed to avoid increase the welfare of a region?Which ethical processes can be ignoring for conduct by these policies?In order to answer these important questions,a historicity appropriate to the Annales School approach is required in the light of premodern“market”dynamics and social sharing theories.The aim of the article is to cover the weaknesses and strengths of Turkey’s African policy after the presentation of African ecopolitics from a historical perspective.

The Relation between Regional Power Policies of Turkey and the Media Strategy of President Erdogan

This research investigates the relation between regional power policies of Turkey and the media strategy of President Erdogan.After the coup attempt on July 15,2016,the Justice and Development Party started to implement regional power policies,which are focusing on security affairs.The political power fell into the hands of the President.Regional power policies are used as a legitimised as a tool for the transition to authoritarianism.The main purpose of this transition is to suppress dissident voices by controlling the media.In this article,I argue that President Erdogan uses regional power policies as a tool to control the national media.The President is trying to create the image of a world leader for himself by using the pro-government media companies.Turkey's of natural gas,the Libya issue and the NATO Summit in Madrid will be discussed in terms of media's perspectives.

Turkey’s Role in Middle East and Gulf Security

This article analyses Turkey’s foreign policy in the Middle East and the Gulf region.It argues that Turkey’s activism in the first decade of the 2000s enabled it to put into play its soft power in the region and the new principles of its foreign policy under Ahmet Davutoglu made it one of the major countries in regional politics.This has radically changed with the advent of the Arab Uprisings.Turkey has found itself a party to the civil war in Syria and lost its major ally,the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt,after 2013.Thus it has been largely isolated in the region.The article will underline the ideological and geopolitical reasons for this isolation.It will look at the pro-Muslim Brotherhood stance of the AKP government which played a major role in straining this relations with Saudi Arabia and the UAE,and the re-emergence of‘the Kurdish threat’from Turkey’s south across the Syrian border which has led to the securitisation of its foreign policy.

Turkey’s International Humanitarian Assistance during the AKP Era:Key Actors,Concepts and Motivations

This study explores the key actors implementing Turkey’s international humanitarian assistance,the Turkish understanding of humanitarian assistance,and the main motivations of humanitarian assistance in post-2002 Turkey.Despite that Turkey has recently significantly increased its contribution to international humanitarian assistance,these efforts have received limited research attention from academia.By examining Turkey’s governmental,quasi-governmental and non-governmental aid organisations,and a historical account of the early Turkish international humanitarian assistance,the study discusses the relevant domestic,national security,and commercial motivations with respect to the implications of Turkey’s humanitarian aid.This study provides an overarching framework of Turkey’s international humanitarian assistance,which hopes to make a useful addition to the literature.

Is Turkey Acting Fairly?-Turkey’s Choice in T-LORAMIDS

Since 1952,Turkey has formally committed to the US/NATO alliance and taken part in the collective defense system within the Alliance.However,in September 2013,Turkey made a surprise move and announced its intention to buy China’s long-range missile defense system over the competitors’products including from NATO countries.Notably,the maker of the FD-2000(HQ-9)is a state-owned company-China Precision Machinery Import and Export Corporation(CPMEIC),which is under American sanctions for transferring missile technology to the states opposed to the West and its allies.Due to the risk that China could access NATO’s intelligence and military information across the region,Turkey’s choice of the Chinese FD-2000 set off a massive controversy,raising NATO’s suspicions about Turkey’s intentions,which carries serious implications for Turkey’s attempts to strengthen ties with China.This study aims to provide insights into Turkey’s pursuit of an indigenous Long Range Missile Defense System(T-LORAMIDS),providing an evaluation focusing on three questions:What is Turkey’s motivation in acquiring T-LORAMIDS?How does Turkey’s realist behavior fit into its decision to purchase T-LORAMIDS?Will Turkey’s choice of missile defense system eventually make its current intimate involvement with US/NATO redundant?The article’s basic argument is that Turkey remains a staunch ally of the West,and its incongruous behavior may be explained and validated through analyzing its realpolitik approach and desire for strategic balance,which is perceived by Turkey as attempting to retain the advantage in managing strategic relations with its partners.

Lebanon-Turkey Relations:Reclaiming the“Sword”and“Crescent”of Islam

This monograph examines the backgrounds against which the shifts in Lebanon-Turkey relationship have taken place and the methodology with which Turkey has pursued its foreign policy towards Lebanon.In so doing,the monograph sheds light on the scope and breadth of Turkish influence in Lebanon.