BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma(UC)is a common malignancy of the urinary system that can occur anywhere from the renal pelvis to the proximal urethra.Most UCs are in the bladder and have multifocal growth.Upper urinar...BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma(UC)is a common malignancy of the urinary system that can occur anywhere from the renal pelvis to the proximal urethra.Most UCs are in the bladder and have multifocal growth.Upper urinary tract UC(UTUC),which occurs in the renal pelvis or ureter,accounts for only 5%to 10%of UCs.CASE SUMMARY In March 2015,a 70-year-old male who initially presented to a local hospital with a complaint of painless hematuria was diagnosed with UTUC of the right renal pelvis.The doctors administered radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision.Although the doctors recommended intravesical chemotherapy and regular follow-up,he rejected this advice.In December 2016,the patient presented at our hospital with dysuria.We identified UC in the residual bladder and administered radical cystectomy and left cutaneous ureterostomy.In November 2021,he presented again with urethral bleeding.We detected urethral UC as the cause of urethral orifice bleeding and administered radical urethrectomy.Since then,he has visited regularly for 6-mo follow-ups,and was in stable condition as of December 2022.CONCLUSION UTUC is prone to seeding and recurrence.Adjuvant instillation therapy and intense surveillance are crucial for these patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND The current standard surgical treatment for non-metastatic upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is radical nephroureterectomy(RNU)with bladder cuff excision(BCE).Typically,BCE techniques are classi...BACKGROUND The current standard surgical treatment for non-metastatic upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is radical nephroureterectomy(RNU)with bladder cuff excision(BCE).Typically,BCE techniques are classified in one of the following three categories:An open technique described as intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff,a transurethral incision of the bladder cuff(TUBC),and an extravesical incision of the bladder cuff(EVBC)method.Even though each of these management techniques are widely used,there is no consensus about which surgical intervention is superior,with the best oncologic outcomes.AIM To investigate the oncological outcomes of three BCE methods during RNU for primary UTUC patients.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 248 primary UTUC patients,who underwent RNU with BCE between January 2004 to December 2018.Patients were analyzed according to each BCE method.Data extracted included patient demographics,perioperative parameters,and oncological outcomes.Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and log-rank tests.The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to identify independent predictors.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Of the 248 participants,39.9%(n=99)underwent intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff,38.7%(n=96)EVBC,and 21.4%(n=53)TUBC.At a median followup of 44.2 mo,bladder recurrence developed in 17.2%,12.5%,and 13.2%of the cases,respectively.Cancer-specific deaths occurred in 11.1%,5.2%,and 7.5%of patients,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival curves with a log-rank test highlighted no significant differences in intravesical recurrence-free survival,cancer-specific survival,and overall survival among these approaches with P values of 0.987,0.825,and 0.497,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that the lower ureter location appears to have inferior intravesical recurrence-free survival(P=0.042).However,cancer-specific survival and overall survival were independently influenced by tumor stage(hazard ratio[HR]=8.439;95%condence interval:2.424-29.377;P=0.001)and lymph node status(HR=14.343;95%CI:5.176-39.745;P<0.001).CONCLUSION All three techniques had comparable outcomes;although,EVBC and TUBC are minimally invasive.While based upon rather limited data,these findings will support urologists in blending experience with evidence to inform patient choices.However,larger,rigorously designed,multicenter studies with long term outcomes are still required.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the current state of the research of metastin and metastin receptor in the urological cancer field.METHODS: For analyzing the value of metastin and metastin receptor as molecular biomarkers for the...AIM: To investigate the current state of the research of metastin and metastin receptor in the urological cancer field.METHODS: For analyzing the value of metastin and metastin receptor as molecular biomarkers for the patients with urological cancer, MEDLINE database searches were performed using these terms: metastin, KISS1, kisspeptin, renal(cell) carcinoma(RCC), kidney cancer or urothelial cancer or bladder cancer or prostate cancer or testicular cancer(tumor). Since the articles were evaluated by the validity of the articlesbased on plausibility, credibility, and evidence levels, the articles were graded according to their level of evidence, using the grading system defined by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. RESULTS: A total of six clinical studies published by individual institutions between 2003 and 2013 were included in this review. The article numbers for each of the evidence levels 2a and 2b were three(50%) and three(50%), respectively. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using tumor tissues were performed to analyze in five articles(83%) and in one article(17%). The value of metastin and/or metastin receptor as molecular biomarkers in clear cell RCC, upper tract urothelial carcinoma, and bladder cancer was evaluated by multivariate analysis. Low expression of metastin receptor in clear cell RCC and low expression of metastin in upper tract urothelial carcinoma were significant risk factors for metastasis, and low metastin expression was an independent prognostic factor in bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: Metastin and metastin receptor have potential as suitable molecular biomarkers for urological cancers. However, future studies of metastin and metastin receptor should undergo external validation to ensure consistency across different patient series, since individual institutional studies lack generalization.展开更多
Background Bladder recurrent disease is still a challenge in the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma （UTUC）. This controlled study aims to investigate the efficacy of early clipping of the distal ureter pr...Background Bladder recurrent disease is still a challenge in the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma （UTUC）. This controlled study aims to investigate the efficacy of early clipping of the distal ureter prior to nephroureterectomy （NU） to prevent bladder recurrence after UTUC.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82060462The Science and Technology Plan Project of Guizhou Province,No.[2019]5405Foundation of Health and Family Planning Commission of Guizhou Province,No.gzwjkj2019-1-127。
文摘BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma(UC)is a common malignancy of the urinary system that can occur anywhere from the renal pelvis to the proximal urethra.Most UCs are in the bladder and have multifocal growth.Upper urinary tract UC(UTUC),which occurs in the renal pelvis or ureter,accounts for only 5%to 10%of UCs.CASE SUMMARY In March 2015,a 70-year-old male who initially presented to a local hospital with a complaint of painless hematuria was diagnosed with UTUC of the right renal pelvis.The doctors administered radical nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision.Although the doctors recommended intravesical chemotherapy and regular follow-up,he rejected this advice.In December 2016,the patient presented at our hospital with dysuria.We identified UC in the residual bladder and administered radical cystectomy and left cutaneous ureterostomy.In November 2021,he presented again with urethral bleeding.We detected urethral UC as the cause of urethral orifice bleeding and administered radical urethrectomy.Since then,he has visited regularly for 6-mo follow-ups,and was in stable condition as of December 2022.CONCLUSION UTUC is prone to seeding and recurrence.Adjuvant instillation therapy and intense surveillance are crucial for these patients.
基金Supported by the Capital Clinical Characteristics Applications Research Program,No.Z171100001017201the Beijing Hospital Clinical Research 121 Project,No.BJ-2018-090the Beijing Hospital Clinical Research,No.BJ-2015-098.
文摘BACKGROUND The current standard surgical treatment for non-metastatic upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)is radical nephroureterectomy(RNU)with bladder cuff excision(BCE).Typically,BCE techniques are classified in one of the following three categories:An open technique described as intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff,a transurethral incision of the bladder cuff(TUBC),and an extravesical incision of the bladder cuff(EVBC)method.Even though each of these management techniques are widely used,there is no consensus about which surgical intervention is superior,with the best oncologic outcomes.AIM To investigate the oncological outcomes of three BCE methods during RNU for primary UTUC patients.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 248 primary UTUC patients,who underwent RNU with BCE between January 2004 to December 2018.Patients were analyzed according to each BCE method.Data extracted included patient demographics,perioperative parameters,and oncological outcomes.Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and log-rank tests.The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to identify independent predictors.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Of the 248 participants,39.9%(n=99)underwent intrasvesical incision of the bladder cuff,38.7%(n=96)EVBC,and 21.4%(n=53)TUBC.At a median followup of 44.2 mo,bladder recurrence developed in 17.2%,12.5%,and 13.2%of the cases,respectively.Cancer-specific deaths occurred in 11.1%,5.2%,and 7.5%of patients,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival curves with a log-rank test highlighted no significant differences in intravesical recurrence-free survival,cancer-specific survival,and overall survival among these approaches with P values of 0.987,0.825,and 0.497,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that the lower ureter location appears to have inferior intravesical recurrence-free survival(P=0.042).However,cancer-specific survival and overall survival were independently influenced by tumor stage(hazard ratio[HR]=8.439;95%condence interval:2.424-29.377;P=0.001)and lymph node status(HR=14.343;95%CI:5.176-39.745;P<0.001).CONCLUSION All three techniques had comparable outcomes;although,EVBC and TUBC are minimally invasive.While based upon rather limited data,these findings will support urologists in blending experience with evidence to inform patient choices.However,larger,rigorously designed,multicenter studies with long term outcomes are still required.
文摘AIM: To investigate the current state of the research of metastin and metastin receptor in the urological cancer field.METHODS: For analyzing the value of metastin and metastin receptor as molecular biomarkers for the patients with urological cancer, MEDLINE database searches were performed using these terms: metastin, KISS1, kisspeptin, renal(cell) carcinoma(RCC), kidney cancer or urothelial cancer or bladder cancer or prostate cancer or testicular cancer(tumor). Since the articles were evaluated by the validity of the articlesbased on plausibility, credibility, and evidence levels, the articles were graded according to their level of evidence, using the grading system defined by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. RESULTS: A total of six clinical studies published by individual institutions between 2003 and 2013 were included in this review. The article numbers for each of the evidence levels 2a and 2b were three(50%) and three(50%), respectively. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using tumor tissues were performed to analyze in five articles(83%) and in one article(17%). The value of metastin and/or metastin receptor as molecular biomarkers in clear cell RCC, upper tract urothelial carcinoma, and bladder cancer was evaluated by multivariate analysis. Low expression of metastin receptor in clear cell RCC and low expression of metastin in upper tract urothelial carcinoma were significant risk factors for metastasis, and low metastin expression was an independent prognostic factor in bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: Metastin and metastin receptor have potential as suitable molecular biomarkers for urological cancers. However, future studies of metastin and metastin receptor should undergo external validation to ensure consistency across different patient series, since individual institutional studies lack generalization.
基金This study was supported by a grant from-the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81072101/H1619）.
文摘Background Bladder recurrent disease is still a challenge in the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma （UTUC）. This controlled study aims to investigate the efficacy of early clipping of the distal ureter prior to nephroureterectomy （NU） to prevent bladder recurrence after UTUC.
