Two-dimensional materials-decorated microfiber devices for pulse generation and shaping in fiber lasers

Two-dimensional（2D） materials have been regarded as a promising nonlinear optical medium for fabricating versatile optical and optoelectronic devices. Among the various photonic applications, the employment of 2D materials as nonlinear optical devices such as saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulse generation and shaping in ultrafast lasers is one of the most striking aspects in recent years. In this paper, we review the recent progress of 2D materials based pulse generation and soliton shaping in ultrafast fiber lasers, and particularly in the context of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices. The fabrication of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices, high performance mode-locked pulse generation, and the nonlinear soliton dynamics based on pulse shaping method are discussed. Finally, the challenges and the perspective of the 2D materials-based photonic devices as well as their applications are also discussed.

Two-dimensional MXene hollow fiber membrane for divalent ions exclusion from water

Two-dimensional material membranes with fast transport channels and versatile chemical functionality are promising for molecular separation.Herein,for the first time,we reported design and engineering of two-dimensional Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx MXene(called transition metal carbides and nitrides)membranes supported on asymmetric polymeric hollow fiber substrate for water desalination.The membrane morphology,physicochemical properties and ions exclusion performance were systematically investigated.The results demonstrated that surface hydrophilicity and electrostatic repulsion and size sieving effect of interlayer channels synergistically endowed the MXene hollow fiber membrane with fast water permeation and efficient rejection of divalent ions during nanofiltration process.

Enhancement in Elastic Modulus of GFRP Bars by Material Hybridization

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars for concrete structure has been extensively investigated for last two decades and a number of FRP bars are commercially available. However, one of shortcomings of the existing FRP bars is its low elastic modulus, if glass fibers are used (i.e., GFRP). The main objective of this study using the concept of material hybridization is to develop a viable hybrid FRP bar for concrete structures, especially for marine and port con- crete structures. The purposes of hybridization are to increase the elastic modulus of GFRP bar with acceptable tensile strength. Two types of hybrid GFRP bar were considered in the development: GFRP crust with steel core and GFRP bar with steel wires dispersed over the cross-section. Using E-glass fibers and unsaturated polyester resins, the hybrid GFRP bar samples of 13 mm in diameter were pultruded and tested for tensile properties. The effect of hybridization on tensile properties of GFRP bars was evaluated by comparing the results of tensile test with those of non-hybrid GFRP bars. The results of this study indicated that the elastic modulus of the hybrid GFRP bar was increased by up to 270 percent by the material hybridization. The results of the test and the future recommendations are summarized in this paper. To ensure long-term durability of the hybrid GFRP bars in waterfront structure applications, the individual and combined effects of environmental conditions on hybrid GFRP rebar itself as well as on the interface between rebar and concrete should be accessed.

Multifunctional light-field modulation based on hybrid nonlinear metasurfaces

The generation characteristics of nonlinear optical signals and their multi-dimensional modulation at micro-nano scale have become a prominent research area in nanophotonics,and also the key to developing various novel nonlinear photonics devices.In recent years,the demand for higher nonlinear conversion efficiency and device integration has led to the rapid progress of hybrid nonlinear metasurfaces composed of nanostructures and nonlinear materials.As a joint platform of stable wavefront modulation,nonlinear metasurface and efficient frequency conversion,hybrid nonlinear metasurfaces offer a splendid opportunity for developing the next-generation of multipurpose flat-optics devices.This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in hybrid nonlinear metasurfaces for light-field modulation.The advantages of hybrid systems are discussed from the perspectives of multifunctional light-field modulation,valleytronic modulation,and quantum technologies.Finally,the remaining challenges of hybrid metasurfaces are summarized and future developments are also prospected.

多尺度钢纤维混杂增强水泥基材料抗冲击性能及阻裂能力

为更好地研究钢纤维混杂方式对水泥基材料的增强作用,本研究使用长度分别为6 mm(S)、13 mm(M)和35 mm(H)的三种钢纤维,进行单掺、双掺、三掺制备钢纤维增强水泥基材料,采用圆柱体试件进行落锤冲击试验,从冲击次数及耗能、破坏形态、裂缝宽度发展等方面探究混杂方式对水泥基材料抗冲击性能及阻裂能力的影响。试验结果表明:钢纤维从单掺到三掺,材料抗冲击性能逐渐增强。钢纤维单掺对水泥基材料强度及抗冲击性能提升效果依次为:M>H>S;双掺组合方式从优到劣为:M+H>S+M>S+H,当1.5%(体积分数,下同)M与0.5%H混掺时材料的增强、增韧效果最佳,28 d抗折强度为22.6 MPa,较单掺M和H分别提高了3.2%和31.4%,抗压强度为154.8 MPa,较单掺M和H分别提高了40.1%和65.5%,初裂与破坏冲击耗能比单掺M和H分别提高了23.5%、425%和36.7%、300%;三掺最优掺量为0.5%S、0.5%M和1%H,初裂和破坏冲击耗能比最优双掺M1.5H0.5组分别提高了33.3%、1.9%。双参数的Weibull分布可以合理地描述钢纤维混杂增强水泥基材料的初裂冲击次数(N1)和破坏冲击次数(N2)。S抑制微裂缝的产生与扩张,M和H阻止宏观裂缝在不同受荷阶段的发展,在不同结构层次、不同受荷阶段发挥逐级阻裂作用。

大展弦比混杂纤维复合材料机翼的强度及失效分析

以大展弦比机翼为研究对象,基于经典层合板理论和Tsai-Wu失效准则,考虑几何非线性效应,用流固耦合数值模拟方法,重点研究碳/玻纤维混杂比、铺层相对位置、铺层角度对机翼强度及失效特性的影响。研究表明:碳/玻纤维混杂比=8∶2为最佳纤维混杂比,机翼可兼顾高强度、低成本;玻璃纤维铺设在蒙皮对称中面位置时,机翼的强度及安全性更高,玻璃纤维铺设位置的变化不会对机翼的弹性变形产生显著影响;在不同混杂比下,以±45°铺层角度铺设的机翼整体力学性能更稳定,失效概率更低。

玄武岩-聚乙烯醇纤维水泥基材料的高温性能

为改善工程水泥基复合材料在高温环境下的服役性能,本文制备了玄武岩-聚乙烯醇混杂纤维工程水泥基复合材料。利用圆柱体抗压和狗骨型抗拉试件探讨玄武岩纤维对高温后力学性能的影响,并使用扫描电子显微镜和纤维断裂空间方法进行机理分析。试验结果表明:玄武岩纤维在高温后依旧填充在基体内部并传递微裂缝间的应力,其最佳的替换掺量为0.9%,此时抗压强度、弹性模量和抗拉初裂强度在600℃后分别较基准组提高了80.08%,101.83%和114.38%。同时机理分析表明:玄武岩纤维在受拉时往往在脱粘阶段发生断裂,过早失去对桥连裂缝的贡献,使其无法改善聚乙烯醇纤维融化引起的受拉脆性。

碳纤维和芳纶混杂增强摩擦复合材料的研究进展

摩擦材料在交通和现代化工业生产中至关重要,其中增强组分对整体摩擦性能影响较大,碳纤维和芳纶的优异性能使其在摩擦材料增强组分中得到广泛应用。主要阐述了碳纤维和芳纶在摩擦材料领域的研究进展,包括碳纤维和芳纶的表面改性方法、纤维含量对摩擦材料性能的影响以及两种纤维混杂增强摩擦材料的国内外研究进展。碳纤维和芳纶的混杂能综合两者的优势,进一步提高摩擦材料的摩擦性能。

碳/玻混杂纤维铺层顺序对其复合材料力学性能的影响

混杂纤维增强复合材料可通过混杂纤维的协调匹配产生协同混杂效应,从而提高复合材料在强度、刚度、性价比等方面的优势。为了研究碳纤维与玻璃纤维铺层顺序对复合材料力学性能的影响,制备5种不同铺层顺序的碳/玻混杂纤维增强复合材料,结合显微组织与拉伸断口分析了纤维铺层顺序对其强度、刚度、应力-应变曲线的影响规律。结果表明:铺层顺序对复合材料的力学性能影响显著,铺层间隔越均匀其增强效果越好,碳纤维或玻璃纤维集中分布于试样中间时均不利于复合材料性能的提升,碳纤维、玻璃纤维单层间隔时其抗拉强度比纯玻璃纤维增强复合材料提高了约60%,3层间隔时其强度略低于纯玻璃纤维增强复合材料;铺层间隔越均匀其层间开裂越集中且断口处纤维单丝拔出长度越大;碳纤维加入后复合材料的刚度大幅度提升,其应力-应曲线出现不同程度的波动,但铺层顺序对复合材料刚度影响甚微。

混合结构机械臂的设计与仿真分析

为减轻金属机械臂的重量,以六自由度机器人的大臂为研究对象,结合三维编织碳纤维复合材料的成型工艺,设计机械臂结构,提出基于CFRP/QT(碳纤维增强复合材料/QT 500-7铸铁)混合结构的机械臂轻量化设计方法。采用有限元分析方法对混合结构机械臂进行静力学分析,得到满足强度及刚度要求下混合结构机械臂的设计方案。力学仿真结果表明,混合结构机械臂质量减少24%,混合结构机械臂机器人具有良好的运动性能,在J1关节处所需驱动力矩更小。

富水砂卵石地层水工隧洞衬砌用纤维混凝土性能评价

为了提高富水地段含砂卵石地层水工隧洞衬砌施工用混凝土材料的耐久性能,将钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维混合作为混杂纤维,分别评价了单一纤维和混杂纤维掺入时对水工隧洞衬砌用混凝土材料的力学性能和抗渗性能的影响。结果表明:在相同的配合比条件下,钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维的掺量越大,混凝土试件的抗折强度相对就越大,抗渗性能越强,而抗压强度则先升高后降低。混杂纤维的掺入能够更好地提升水工隧洞衬砌用混凝土的力学性能和抗渗性能,协同增效作用明显。综合考虑目标工程用混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度和抗渗性能,推荐混杂纤维中钢纤维的最佳掺量为40 kg·m^(-3),而聚丙烯纤维的最佳掺量为4 kg·m^(-3)。研究结果认为钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维的掺入能够有效改善富水地段含砂卵石地层水工隧洞衬砌用混凝土结构的力学性能和抗渗性能,进而提高水工隧洞工程建设的质量。

High pulse energy fiber/solid-slab hybrid picosecond pulse system for material processing on polycrystalline diamonds

We demonstrate an all polarization-maintaining(PM) fiber mode-locked laser seeded, hybrid fiber/solid-slab picosecond pulse laser system which outputs 40 μJ, 10 ps pulses at the central wavelength of 1064 nm. The beam quality factors M2 in the unstable and stable directions are 1.35 and 1.31, respectively. 15 μJ picosecond pulses at the central wavelength of 355 nm are generated through third harmonic generation(THG) by using two Li B3 O5(LBO) crystals, in order to get better processing efficiency on polycrystalline diamonds. The high pulse energy and beam quality of these ultraviolet(UV) picosecond pulses are confirmed by latter experiments of material processing on polycrystalline diamonds. This scheme which combines the advantages of the all PM fiber mode-locked laser and the solid-slab amplifier enables compact, robust and chirped pulse amplification-free amplification with high power picosecond pulses.

High‑Energy and High‑Power Pseudocapacitor–Battery Hybrid Sodium‑Ion Capacitor with Na^(+) Intercalation Pseudocapacitance Anode

High-performance and low-cost sodium-ion capacitors(SICs)show tremendous potential applications in public transport and grid energy storage.However,conventional SICs are limited by the low specific capacity,poor rate capability,and low initial coulombic efficiency(ICE)of anode materials.Herein,we report layered iron vanadate(Fe5V15O39(OH)9·9H2O)ultrathin nanosheets with a thickness of~2.2 nm(FeVO UNSs)as a novel anode for rapid and reversible sodium-ion storage.According to in situ synchrotron X-ray diffractions and electrochemical analysis,the storage mechanism of FeVO UNSs anode is Na+intercalation pseudocapacitance under a safe potential window.The FeVO UNSs anode delivers high ICE(93.86%),high reversible capacity(292 mAh g^−1),excellent cycling stability,and remarkable rate capability.Furthermore,a pseudocapacitor–battery hybrid SIC(PBH-SIC)consisting of pseudocapacitor-type FeVO UNSs anode and battery-type Na3(VO)2(PO4)2F cathode is assembled with the elimination of presodiation treatments.The PBH-SIC involves faradaic reaction on both cathode and anode materials,delivering a high energy density of 126 Wh kg^−1 at 91 W kg^−1,a high power density of 7.6 kW kg^−1 with an energy density of 43 Wh kg−1,and 9000 stable cycles.The tunable vanadate materials with high-performance Na+intercalation pseudocapacitance provide a direction for developing next-generation highenergy capacitors.

Graphene fiber based supercapacitors:Strategies and perspective toward high performances

Modern wearable electronics are thirsty for flexible, lightweight energy storage and supply devices. Flexible fiber-shaped supercapacitors, possess good flexibility, high power density, fast charging capability and long cycle life, becoming a promising option for wearable devices. The past decade has witnessed the emergence of graphene fiber based supercapacitors（GFSCs） as one of the most active vicinity in fiber-supercapactiors, for their excellent properties including high surface area, chemical stability, excellent electrical conductivity, lightweight and mechanical properties. In this perspective, we introduced the basic energy storage mechanisms of GFSCs, followed by the analysis in improving their overall performances, recent advances, and a conclusive discussion on the challenges and opportunities.

Thermally induced band hybridization in bilayer-bilayer MoS2/WS2 heterostructure

Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),being valley selectively,are an ideal system hosting excitons.Stacking TMDs together to form heterostructure offers an exciting platform to engineer new optical and electronic properties in solid-state systems.However,due to the limited accuracy and repetitiveness of sample preparation,the effects of interlayer coupling on the electronic and excitonic properties have not been systematically investigated.In this report,we study the photoluminescence spectra of bilayer-bilayer MoS_(2)/WS_(2) heterostructure with a typeⅡband alignment.We demonstrate that thermal annealing can increase interlayer coupling in the van der Waals heterostructures,and after thermally induced band hybridization such heterostructure behaves more like an artificial new solid,rather than just the combination of two individual TMD components.We also carry out experimental and theoretical studies of the electric controllable direct and indirect infrared interlayer excitons in such system.Our study reveals the impact of interlayer coupling on interlayer excitons and will shed light on the understanding and engineering of layer-controlled spin-valley configuration in twisted van der Waals heterostructures.

钢-PVA混杂纤维增强工程水泥基复合材料弯曲性能研究

为了弥补现有钢-聚乙烯醇(PVA)混杂纤维增强工程水泥基复合材料造价过高、工程应用面狭窄的缺陷,本文通过使用廉价的国产PVA纤维部分替代日产PVA纤维制备出一种新型的多元混杂纤维增强工程水泥基复合材料(MFECC)。研究MFECC材料薄板试件的弯曲性能和破坏形态,对试件的弯曲韧性和性价比进行评价,并通过SPSS软件的多元非线性回归法建立极限弯曲性能预测模型。结果表明,引入国产PVA纤维后MFECC薄板的应变硬化力学行为和多缝开裂现象相较于仅掺日产PVA纤维时有所降低,但仍具有较高的强度与延性。当钢纤维、日产PVA纤维和国产PVA纤维体积掺量分别为0.2%、0%和2.0%时,MFECC的极限拉伸应变为4.4%,抗压强度为46.39 MPa,极限抗弯挠度可达12.697 mm,性价比最高。建立的MFECC薄板试件的极限弯曲性能预测模型对试验值的拟合度良好。

Passively Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser with TiSe₂as Saturable Absorber

The TiSe2 nanosheets were prepared by means of ultrasound-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and the nonlinear saturable absorption properties were experimentally investigated. The modulation depth, saturation intensity and nonsaturable absorbance of the prepared 1T-TiSe2 SA were 15.7%, 1.28 MW/cm2 and 8.2%, respectively. Taking advantage of the saturable absorption properties of TiSe2-based SA, a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser was systematically demonstrated. The pulse repetition rates varied from 24.50 kHz up to 73.79 kHz with the increasing pump power. The obtained shortest pulse width was 1.31 μs with pulse energy of 79.28 nJ. The system presented merits of low-cost SA preparation, system compactness, superb stability and high competition.