Detection for Transcriptional Activity of Alternaria Tenuissim Protein Elicitor in Yeast Two-hybrid System

The peaT1 gene fragment was amplified from pGEM-6p-l-peaT1 by PCR, and recovered target gene was cloned into pLexA vector. After digestion and sequencing, the bait vector pLexA-peaT1 was transformed into yeast strain EGY48 [p8op-lacZ] by PEG/LiAC, and the transcriptional activity of bait vector was detected. The results showed that recombinant bait plasmid pLexA-PEMG1 was constructed, for the two bands of recombinant bait plasmid in agarose gel eleetrophoresis were expected after digesting by restriction endonuclease EcoR I and Xho I. Therefore, the recombinant bait plasmid could be used in yeast two-hybrid system to screen a cDNA library.

Screening of genes of proteins interacting with p7 protein of hepatitis C virus from human liver cDNA library by yeast two-hybrid system

AIM： To investigate the biological function of p7 protein and to look for proteins interacting with p7 protein in hepatocytes. METHODS： We constructed p7 protein bait plasmid by cloning the gene of p7 protein into pGBKTT, then transformed it into yeast AH109 （a type）. The transformed yeast was mated with yeast Y187 （α type） containing liver cDNA library plasmid, pACT2 in 2×YPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium （SD/- Trp-Leu-His-Ade） containing x-α-gal for selection and screening. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from blue colonies, we performed sequence analysis by bioinformatics. RESULTS： Fifty colonies were selected and sequenced. Among them, one colony was Homo sapiens signal sequence receptor, seven colonies were Homo sapiens H19, seven colonies were immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat, three colonies were spermatid peri-nuclear RNA binding proteins, two colonies were membrane-spanning 4-domains, 24 colonies were cancer-associated antigens, four colonies were nudeoporin 214 ku and two colonies were CLL-associated antigens. CONCLUSION： The successful cloning of gene of protein interacting with p7 protein paves a way for the study of the physiological function of p7 protein and its assodated protein.

Screening proteins that interact with mutant superoxide dismutase 1 from familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using a yeast two-hybrid system

The present study screened a human fetal brain cDNA library to find the proteins that interact with mutant superoxide dismutase 1 （SOD1） using a yeast two-hybrid system. Using BLAST software, 15 real proteins which interacted with mutant SOD1 were obtained, including 8 known proteins （protein tyrosine-phosphatase non-receptor type 2, TBCl D4, protein kinase family, splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 2, SRC protein tyrosine kinase Fyn, β-sarcoglycan; glycine receptor a2, microtubule associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1, ferritin H chain）, and 7 unknown proteins. Results demonstrated interaction of mutant SOD1 with microtubule associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1 and β-sarcoglycan.

Analysis of Protein Interactions:Probing the Function of Proteins with Yeast Two-Hybrid System

The yeast two\|hybrid system is a molecular genetic approach for protein interaction and it is widely used to screen for proteins that interact with a protein of interest in recent years.This process includes,construction and testing of the bait plasmid,screening a plasmid library for interacting fusion protein,elimination of false positives and delection analysis of true positives.This procedure is designed to allow investigators to identify proteins and their encoding cDNAs that have a biologically significant interaction with a protein of interest.More and more studies have demonstrated that the two\|hybrid system is a powerful and sensitive technique for the identification of genes that code for proteins that interact in a biologically significant fashion with a protein of interest in higher plants.This method has been used to identify new interaction protein in many laboratories.The recently reported yeast tri\|brid system,should allow the investigation of more complex protein\|protein interactions.The aim of this review is to outline the recent progress made in protein interactions by using yeast two\|hybrid system.

Screening of Host Proteins Interacting with PorcineEpidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) N Protein by YeastTwo-hybrid System

[Objective] The paper was to obtain host proteins interacting with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV） N protein. [Method] The re-combinant vector pGBKT7-N of PEDV N gene was constructed and used as the bait plasmid to screen the proteins interacting with N protein ofPEDV from the cDNA library of porcine alveolar macrophage （PAM） by yeast two-hybrid method. [Result] There was no toxicity and self activationof bait protein in yeast hybridization system, and six proteins （FTH1, LGALS3, CORO1C, SNRPG, KRTAP5-3, ZNF598） interacting with N proteinwere indentified. It was confirmed that LGALS3 and SNRPG had specific interaction with N protein by return experiment and co-immunoprecipitation（CoIP） test. [Conclusion] The study lays a foundation for further studying the function of PEDV N protein and the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV.

利用酵母双杂交筛选菠萝AcSWEET11的互作蛋白

SWEET(sugars will eventually be exported transporter)基因在植物开花过程中具有重要的作用,但AcSWEET11在菠萝成花中的作用机制尚不清楚。通过鉴定成花过程中与AcSWEET11的互作蛋白,为菠萝成花机制的解析奠定基础。本研究利用共转化的方法在菠萝成花过程的cDNA膜文库中筛选AcSWEET11的互作蛋白,分析候选蛋白的表达量。结果表明,pBT3-STE-AcSWEET11+pPR3-N对NMY51酵母细胞无毒性,但有自激活活性。进一步研究结果显示,在TDO/3?AT培养基和QDO培养基上自激活受到抑制。利用该系统筛选到了81个阳性克隆,经测序鉴定出48个与AcSWEET11互作的候选蛋白,包括E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1-like、Trehalose-phosphate synthase 7、Cytochrome P450、TranscriptionfactorLUX等。GO和KEGG分析结果显示,48个蛋白主要分布在细胞进程、代谢过程、刺激反应和催化活性等生物过程,参与脂类代谢、氨基酸代谢和碳水化合物代谢、信号转导和运输与分解代谢等新陈代谢途径。Trehalose-phosphate synthase 7(XP_020105459.1)、Protein TIFY 3-like(XP_020082835.1)、40S ribosomal protein S27(XP_020092770.1)、Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein 1-like(XP_020112516.1)等4个基因与AcSWEET11表达趋势一致,在菠萝成花过程中下调表达;Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2(XP_020113798.1)、Putative lipid-transfer protein DIR1(XP_020086640.1)、clathrin assembly protein At4g32285(XP_020108161.1)等3个基因在菠萝成花过程中上调表达。这些结果表明,AcSWEET11可能通过与Trehalose-phosphatesynthase7等蛋白发生互作,参与菠萝成花过程。本研究进一步丰富了AcSWEET11的蛋白互作网络,为AcSWEET11在菠萝成花中的调控机制的解析奠定基础。

长足大竹象信息素结合蛋白CbuqPBP2互作蛋白的筛选与验证

【目的】筛选长足大竹象(Cyrtotrachelus buqueti)信息素结合蛋白CbuqPBP2的互作蛋白,为实现利用信息物质对长足大竹象种群持续控制提供参考。【方法】利用GST pull-down联合质谱技术,对长足大竹象信息素结合蛋白CbuqPBP2的互作蛋白进行筛选、鉴定和分析,并采用酵母双杂交试验验证了CbuqPBP2与信息素结合蛋白CbuqPBP1的特异性互作。【结果】GST pull-down共筛选出45个与长足大竹象信息素结合蛋白CbuqPBP2特异性结合的候选互作蛋白,包括CbuqPBP1、ND2、CYTB。这些互作蛋白主要参与细胞过程、定位、代谢过程、应激反应以及生物调控等多个生物学过程。使用酵母双杂交体系,构建了pGADT7-PBP1重组猎物质粒与pGBKT7-PBP2重组诱饵质粒,通过诱饵质粒毒性检测和自激活检测,表明重组诱饵质粒对Y2HGold酵母菌无毒性作用。共转化验证结果显示,诱饵质粒pGBKT7-PBP2共转化酵母菌株能够在TDO培养基上生长。【结论】CbuqPBP2和CbuqPBP1之间有相互作用,不同信息素结合蛋白间的互作对深入理解长足大竹象嗅觉感受机制提供了新的思路。

数模混合二维相控阵雷达远场收发校准方法研究

本文提出了一种基于最小系统设计准则的数模混合二维相控阵雷达远场收发校准方法,给出了实现流程、数据分析过程和实测结果。方向图的实测结果显示本文提出的校准方法得到的收发方向图主要技术指标良好且均满足使用要求,在实际工程中具有较好的操作性和推广性。

利用酵母双杂交系统筛选玉米ZmPRR73的互作蛋白

为了阐明 ZmPRR73基因的生物学功能,构建诱饵表达载体pGBKT7-ZmPRR73,利用酵母双杂交技术,从长日照光照环境诱导的热带玉米自交系的cDNA文库中筛选与ZmPRR73互作的蛋白。结果显示:构建的诱饵载体pGBKT7-ZmPRR73对酵母菌株无毒性,且对报告基因无自激活活性,共鉴定出12个与ZmPRR73互作的候选蛋白。生物信息学分析表明,这些候选互作蛋白的功能涉及植物的转录调控、离子跨膜转运的调节、信号转导、电子传递链等多个方面,推测ZmPRR73蛋白与以上蛋白互作参与多个信号转导和代谢途径,研究结果补充和完善了ZmPRR73蛋白参与的调控途径,为进一步研究生物钟核心元件ZmPRR73的分子功能提供了新的分子证据。

Screening of Extracellular Binding Proteins of Rice Receptor-like Kinase CR4 by the Yeast Two-hybrid

[Objective] The research aimed to find the extracellular binding proteins of CR4.[Method] The extracellular domain of OsCR4 was as the bait protein,and the yeast two-hybrid was used to screen cDNA library of seedling which was cultivated 14 d.[Result] A lot of proteins which included a peroxide B（D26484）,a methionine thioredoxin reductase（ABF96078）and an unknown function protein were gained.[Conclusion] It provided the theory basis for studying the signal transduction mechanism of CR4.

Screening of genes for proteins interacting with the PS1TP5 protein of hepatitis B virus:probing a human leukocyte cDNA library using the yeast two-hybrid system

Background The hepatitis B virus （HBV） genome includes S, C, P and X regions. The S region is divided into four subregions of pre-pre-S, pre-S1, pre-S2 and S. PS1TP5 （human gene 5 transactivated by pre-S1 protein of HBV） is a novel target gene transactivated by the pre-S1 protein that has been screened with a suppression subtractive hybridization technique in our laboratory （GenBank accession： AY427953）. In order to investigate the biological function of the PS1TP5 protein, we performed a yeast two-hybrid system 3 to screen proteins from a human leukocyte cDNA library interacting with the PS1TP5 protein. Methods The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was performed to amplify the gene of PS1TP5 from the mRNA of HepG2 cells and the gene was then cloned into the pGEM-T vector. After being sequenced and analyzed with Vector NTI 9.1 and NCBI BLAST software, the target gene of PS1TP5 was cut from the pGEM-T vector and cloned into a yeast expression plasmid pGBKT7, then ＂bait＂ plasmid pGBKT7-PS1TP5 was transformed into the yeast strain AH109. The yeast protein was isolated and analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） and Western blotting hybridization. After expression of the pGBKT7-PS1TP5 fusion protein in the AH109 yeast strain was accomplished, a yeast two-hybrid screening was performed by mating AH109 with Y187 containing a leukocyte cDNA library plasmid. The mated yeast was plated on quadruple dropout medium and assayed for α-gal activity. The interaction between the PS1TP5 protein and the proteins obtained from positive colonies was further confirmed by repeating the yeast two-hybrid screen. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from blue colonies we carried out a bioinformatic analysis. Results Forty true positive colonies were selected and sequenced, full length sequences were obtained and we searched for homologous DNA sequences from GenBank. Among the 40 positive colonies, 23 coding genes with known functions were obtained, including Homo sapien leukocyte adhesion protein p150, 95, interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain, PALM2-AKAP2 protein （PALM2-AKAP2）, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, beta-2-microglobin, solute carrier family 9 （sodium/hydrogen exchanger）, calreticulin, asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 （ASGR1）, MHC class Ⅱ lymphocyte antigen, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, lymphocyte antigen 86 （LY86） and lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1. One novel gene with unknown function was found and named as PS1TP5BP1. After being electronically spliced, it was deposited in GenBank （accession number： DQ471327）. Conclusions Genes of proteins interacting with PS1TP5 were successfully screened from leukocyte cDNA library. These results suggested that PS1TP5 was closely correlated with immunoregulation, carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, the formation of hepatic fibrosis and initiation and development of tumors and also brought some new clues for further studying the biological functions of the pre-S 1 protein.

基于核系统酵母双杂交技术的红螯螯虾IAG互作蛋白筛选

为探究胰岛素样促雄性腺激素(Insulin-like androgenic hormone,IAG)在甲壳动物性别分化过程作用的分子调控途径,挖掘与IAG蛋白存在互作关系的候选蛋白信息,研究使用红螯螯虾促雄性腺及输精管组织构建核体系酵母文库,利用酵母双杂交技术筛选与IAG互作的候选蛋白,并对关键候选蛋白的编码基因进行克隆与表达分析。获得初级文库容量为1.12×10^(7),次级文库容量为1.28×10^(7);成功筛选到25个阳性克隆,共注释到12个蛋白编码基因;克隆获得关键候选蛋白的编码基因muc5acl(Mucin-5AC-like)的CDS全长474bp;半定量与荧光定量表达结果表明,muc5acl在红螯螯虾的促雄性腺、精巢及输精管中特异表达,且在雄性个体促雄性腺中的表达水平显著高于间性,在输精管中的表达则相反,推测该基因可能参与雄性激素的分泌及精子运输过程,并与间性红螯螯虾的性腺发育有关。研究结果将为进一步解析IAG调控红螯螯虾间性性别形成的分子机制提供重要信息。

利用酵母Two-hybrid系统筛选编码产物与p53相作用的人类基因

用酵母ｔｗｏ－ｈｙｂｒｉｄ系统在人胚胎脑组织ｃＤＮＡ表达文库中寻找编码产物与ｐ５３相互作用的基因。在１．５×１０６个转化子中筛选到６８个初级阳性克隆。通过测定转化子第二轮β－半乳糖苷酶活力发现，人胚胎脑组织ｃＤＮＡ表达文库中有一个阳性克隆中的ｃＤＮＡ编码产物与ｐ５３反应结果为明显阳性，说明两个蛋白之间存在较强的相互作用。用热测序法测得这段ｃＤＮＡ的序列通过查询基因数据库发现，这段ｃＤＮＡ编码人的泛肽交联酶，可认为是泛肽交联酶参与ｐ５３在细胞内浓度的调节。

Screening and Identifying of Interaction Protein AtL5 in Arabidopsis thaliana

Research background: The Arabidopsis-resistance protein L5 (AT1G12290) can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a characteristic function of an NBS-LRR (Nucleotide-Binding Sites and Leucine-Rich Repeat) protein activation. Purpose: To explore the function and molecular regulatory network of L5. Method: We employed yeast two-hybrid technology to search for interacting proteins of L5, combined with laser confocal microscopy to observe the subcellular localization of these candidate proteins, and analyzed the impact of these proteins on L5 function using an Agrobacterium mediated transient expression system. Results: Seven candidate interacting proteins were identified from the Arabidopsis cDNA library, including PPA1 (AT1G01050), RIN4 (AT3G25070), LSU1 (AT3G49580), BZIP24 (AT3G51960), BOI (AT4G19700), RING/U (AT4G22250) and PPA3 (AT2G46860). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins showed that they participated in multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. The results of laser confocal microscopy manifested that RIN4 was only localized on the plasma membrane (PM), and RING/U was mainly associated with the PM. PPA1, PPA3, LSU1, BZIP24, and BOI all emerged nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. The results of the transient assay proclaimed that both BOI and RING/U can inhibit cell death caused by L5. Conclusions: These results indicate that L5 immune receptors may participate in various pathways, and their protein levels and activities are strictly regulated at multiple levels, providing a basis for elucidating the mechanism of L5 immune receptors in Arabidopsis resistance.

考虑电力系统灵活性供需平衡的混合储能联合规划

风电、光伏等可再生能源出力具有强波动性和随机性,增加了电力系统的灵活性需求。文章提出了兼顾经济性和灵活性的电力系统混合储能联合规划方法。首先,针对源荷两端灵活性需求,从电力电量平衡角度对系统灵活性进行了评估;其次,以火电机组灵活性改造、全钒液流电池、抽水蓄能3类灵活性资源为规划对象,构建火电机组灵活性改造和混合储能协调的双层规划模型;利用上、下层模型对方案不断进行迭代优化,得到兼顾经济性和灵活性的最优混合储能配置方案;再次,采用基于反向学习的改进型白鲸算法对规划模型进行优化,并通过仿真验证了模型的正确性;最后,以蒙东某地区历史数据进行算例分析,验证所提方法的有效性。

Construction and Identification of a Yeast Two-Hybrid Bait Vector and Its Effect on the Growth of Yeast Cells and the Self-Activating Function of Reporter Genes for Screening of HPV18 E6-Interacting Protein

By using a yeast two-hybrid system,a yeast two-hybrid bait vector was constructed and identified for screening of the HPV18 E6-interacting proteins,and its effects on the growth of yeast cells and the activation of reporter genes were investigated.Total mRNA extracted from Hela cells was reversely transcribed into cDNA.Fragment of HPV18 E6 cDNA was amplified using RT-PCR and directly ligated to the pGBKT7 vector.The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing.Th...

A study of the protein-protein interactions in the phycocyanin monomer from Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 using a bacterial two-hybrid system

Investigations into the intramolecular interactions of the native protein in solution are important to understand its structural stability as well as its potential uses in future applications.In this study,we used a bacterial two-hybrid system to investigate the interaction between the phycocyanin𝛼and𝛽subunits that form the phycocyanin monomer.Key amino acid residues responsible for the interaction between the subunits were identified,providing direct experimental evidence for the intramolecular interaction.

两挡混动变速器低成本液压系统开发

传统变速器和混动变速器的液压系统一般采用先导比例电磁阀和滑阀组合的形式控制主压,主压经过比例减压阀调压之后成为离合器控制压力,此类液压系统较为复杂,成本较高。为降低混动变速器的成本,开发基于节流孔调节离合器控制压力的液压系统,通过AMESim仿真软件进行仿真计算,节流孔孔径设计值为0.70 mm,为保证产品的一致性,减少制造误差的影响,节流孔孔径的公差值为±0.015 mm。经过制作样件,搭载混动变速器进行试验,结果验证有效,满足设计需求。

Isolation and characterization of a human apoptosis-inducing gene with yeast two-hybrid system

asy gene is a novel apoptosis-inducing gene, but its mechanism is unclear. To investigate the mechanism of asy inducing apoptosis, a novel gene encoding ASY interacting protein (asyip) is isolated from human lung cell line (WI-38) cDNA library with yeast two-hybrid system. The asyip gene is constitutively expressed as two mRNA transcripts with the size of 1.8 and 2.7 kb in various human tissues at different levels. Sequence analysis of full-length cDNA reveals that the two alternative transcripts of asyip gene contain common 5' end and different 3' end, and share a common open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 236 amino acids. Two protein kinase C phosphorylation sites and two casein kinase II phosphorylation sites are found in ASYIP amino acid sequence. Two highly hydrophobic regions encoding potentially two transmembrane domains are present. The ASYIP protein contains a C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum retrieval signal (Lys-Lys-Lys-Ala-Glu). Immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the interaction of ASY and ASYIP in mammalian cells. Compared with asy gene, overexpression of asyip gene can inhibit growth of tumor cell Saos2 and induce cell apoptosis with a low efficiency.

Molecular epidemiological study on pre-X region of hepatitis B virus and identification of hepatocyte proteins interacting with whole-X protein by yeast two-hybrid

AIM: To identify the pre-X region in hepatitis B virus (HBV)genome and to study the relationship between the genotype and the pre-X region. To investigate the biological function of whole-X (pre-X plus X) protein, we performed yeast two-hybrid to screen proteins in liver interacting with whole-X protein.METHODS: The pre-X region of HBV was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and was cloned to pGEM Teasy vector. After the target region was sequenced, Vector 8.0 software was used to analyze the sequences. The whole-X bait plasmid was constructed by using yeast two-hybrid system 3. Yeast strain AH109 was transformed. After expression of the whole-X protein in AH109 yeast strains was proved, yeast two-hybrid screening was performed by mating AH109 with Y187 containing liver cDNA library plasmid. The mated yeast was plated on quadruple dropout medium and assayed for α-gal activity. The interaction between whole-X protein and the protein obtained from positive colonies was further confirmed by repeating yeast two-hybrid. After extracting and sequencing of plasmid from blue colonies, we carried out analysis by bioinformatics. RESULTS: After sequencing, 27 of 45 clones (60%) were found encoding the pre-X peptide. Eighteen of twenty-seven clones (66.7%) of pre-X coding sequences were found from genotype C. Five positive colonies that interacted with whole-X protein were obtained and sequenced; namely, fetuin B, UDP glycosyltransferase 1 family-polypeptide A9, mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1, fibrinogen-B beta polypeptide, transmembrane 4 superfamily member 4CD81 (TM4SF4).CONCLUSION: The pre-X gene exists in HBV genome.Genes of proteins interacting with whole-X protein in hepatocytes were successfully cloned. These results brought some new clues for studying the biological functions of whole-X protein.