First, we develop a unitary process that can explain all four physical activations: electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic force, repulsion, and attraction. Second, it is clarified that cosmological and physical entiti...First, we develop a unitary process that can explain all four physical activations: electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic force, repulsion, and attraction. Second, it is clarified that cosmological and physical entities relate to different levels of existence in the universe and, hence, cannot be considered under the same paradigm. We know that biological entities use physical substances as executants;analogously, physical entities use cosmological substances as executants. Therefore, we have introduced new terms for the cosmological substances used as executants in physical activities. Third, this study introduces the primary elements of the cosmological world, such as visibility, forcibility, fullness, and hollowness, and defines them according to their attributes. This study explains how different combinations and placements of primary elements create different cosmological fields. These fields are used in all physical activations. Finally, we explain the entity model and how all physical activations occur. This study concludes that all physical activations use primary elements and follow the same universal law. Therefore, this study addresses the untouched subject of the creation of repulsion and attraction (gravitation). Furthermore, it addresses several cosmic mysteries that are yet to be resolved.展开更多
This paper focuses on the reachable set estimation for Markovian jump neural networks with time delay.By allowing uncertainty in the transition probabilities,a framework unifies and enhances the generality and realism...This paper focuses on the reachable set estimation for Markovian jump neural networks with time delay.By allowing uncertainty in the transition probabilities,a framework unifies and enhances the generality and realism of these systems.To fully exploit the unified uncertain transition probabilities,an equivalent transformation technique is introduced as an alternative to traditional estimation methods,effectively utilizing the information of transition probabilities.Furthermore,a vector Wirtinger-based summation inequality is proposed,which captures more system information compared to existing ones.Building upon these components,a novel condition that guarantees a reachable set estimation is presented for Markovian jump neural networks with unified uncertain transition probabilities.A numerical example is illustrated to demonstrate the superiority of the approaches.展开更多
This letter puts forward a method of modeling for the steady-state and small signal dynamic analysis on PWM, quasi-resonant and series/(parallel) resonant switching converters based on pulse-waveform integral approach...This letter puts forward a method of modeling for the steady-state and small signal dynamic analysis on PWM, quasi-resonant and series/(parallel) resonant switching converters based on pulse-waveform integral approach. As an example, PWM and quasi-resonant converters are used to discuss the principle of the approach. The results are compared with those in the relative literatures. Computer aided analysis are made to confirm the correctness.展开更多
We present a unified derivation of the pressure equation of states, thermodynamics and scaling functions for the one-dimensional （1D） strongly attractive Fermi gases with SU（w） symmetry. These physical quantities ...We present a unified derivation of the pressure equation of states, thermodynamics and scaling functions for the one-dimensional （1D） strongly attractive Fermi gases with SU（w） symmetry. These physical quantities provide a rigorous understanding on a universality class of quantum criticality characterized by the critical exponents z = 2 and correlation length exponent v= 1/2. Such a universality class of quantum criticality can occur when the Fermi sea of one branch of charge bound states starts to fill or becomes gapped at zero temperature. The quantum critical cone can be determined by the double peaks in specific heat, which serve to mark two crossover temperatures fanning out from the critical point. Our method opens to further study on quantum phases and phase transitions in strongly interacting fermions with large SU （ w） and non-SU （ w ） symmetries in one dimension.展开更多
The chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems is considered. Cascade adaptive control approach with only one control input is presented to stabilize states of the uncertain unified chaotic system at the zero ...The chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems is considered. Cascade adaptive control approach with only one control input is presented to stabilize states of the uncertain unified chaotic system at the zero equilibrium point. Since an adaptive controller based on dynamic compensation mechanism is employed, the exact model of the unified chaotic system is not necessarily required. By choosing appropriate controller parameters, chaotic phenomenon can be suppressed and the response speed is tunable. Sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the approach is derived. Numerical simulation results confirm that the cascade adaptive control approach with only one control signal is valid in chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems.展开更多
A cross section evaluation of neutron induced reactions on^(48)Ti is undertaken using the Unified Monte Carlo-B(UMC-B)approach.The evaluation concentrates on estimating the covariance and the use of the UMC-B allows a...A cross section evaluation of neutron induced reactions on^(48)Ti is undertaken using the Unified Monte Carlo-B(UMC-B)approach.The evaluation concentrates on estimating the covariance and the use of the UMC-B allows avoiding the deficiencies of linear regression brought by the traditional least squares method.Eight main neutron and charged particle emission reactions from n+^(48)Ti in the fast neutron energy region below 20 MeV are studied in this work.The posterior probability density function(PDF)of each neutron cross section is obtained in a UMC-B Bayesian approach by convoluting the model PDFs sampled based on model parameters and the likelihood functions for the experimental data.Nineteen model parameters including level density,pair corrections,optical model and Kalbach matrix element parameter are stochastically sampled with the assumption of normal distributions to estimate the model uncertainty.The Cholesky factorization approach is applied to consider potential parameter correlations.Finally,the posterior covariance matrices are generated using the UMC-B generated weights.The new evaluated results are compared with the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,TENDL-2021 and JENDL-5 evaluations and differences are discussed.展开更多
We trace the conceptual basis of the Multi-Band Approach (MBA) and recall the reasons for its wide following for composite superconductors (SCs). Attention is then drawn to a feature that MBA ignores: the possibility ...We trace the conceptual basis of the Multi-Band Approach (MBA) and recall the reasons for its wide following for composite superconductors (SCs). Attention is then drawn to a feature that MBA ignores: the possibility that electrons in such an SC may also be bound via simultaneous exchanges of quanta with more than one ion-species—a lacuna which is addressed by the Generalized BCS Equations (GBCSEs). Based on several papers, we give a concise account of how this approach: 1) despite employing a single band, meets the criteria satisfied by MBA because a) GBCSEs are derived from a temperature-incorporated Bethe-Salpeter Equation the kernel of which is taken to be a “superpropagator” for a composite SC-each ion-species of which is distinguished by its own Debye temperature and interaction parameter and b) the band overlapping the Fermi surface is allowed to be of variable width. GBCSEs so-obtained reduce to the usual equations for the Tc and Δ of an elemental SC in the limit superpropagator → 1-phonon propagator;2) accommodates moving Cooper pairs and thereby extends the scope of the original BCS theory which restricts the Hamiltonian at the outset to terms that correspond to pairs having zero centre-of-mass momentum. One can now derive an equation for the critical current density (j0) of a composite SC at T = 0 in terms of the Debye temperatures of its ions and their interaction parameters— parameters that also determine its Tc and Δs;3) transforms the problem of optimizing j0 of a composite SC, and hence its Tc, into a problem of chemical engineering;4) provides a common canopy for most composite SCs, including those that are usually regarded as outside the purview of the BCS theory and have therefore been called “exceptional”, e.g., the heavy-fermion SCs;5) incorporates s±-wave superconductivity as an in-built feature and can therefore deal with the iron-based SCs, and 6) leads to presumably verifiable predictions for the values of some relevant parameters, e.g., the effective mass of electrons, for the SCs for which it has been employed.展开更多
In this paper,we present a family of gradient projection method with arbitrary initialpoint.The formula of search direction in the method is unitary.The convergent conditions ofthe method are given.When the initial po...In this paper,we present a family of gradient projection method with arbitrary initialpoint.The formula of search direction in the method is unitary.The convergent conditions ofthe method are given.When the initial point is feasible,the family of the method contains severalknown algorithms.When the initial point is infeasible,the method is exactly that given in[6].Finally,we give a new method which has global convergence property.展开更多
This article presents a novel monolithic numerical method for computing flow-induced stresses for problems involving arbitrarily-shaped stationary boundaries.A unified momentum equation for a continuum consisting of b...This article presents a novel monolithic numerical method for computing flow-induced stresses for problems involving arbitrarily-shaped stationary boundaries.A unified momentum equation for a continuum consisting of both fluids and solids is derived in terms of velocity by hybridizing the momentum equations of incompressible fluids and linear elastic solids.Discontinuities at the interface are smeared over a finite thickness around the interface using the signed distance function,and the resulting momentum equation implicitly takes care of the interfacial conditions without using a body-fitted grid.A finite volume approach is employed to discretize the obtained governing equations on a Cartesian grid.For validation purposes,this method has been applied to three examples,lid-driven cavity flow in a square cavity,lid-driven cavity flow in a circular cavity,and flow over a cylinder,where velocity and stress fields are simultaneously obtained for both fluids and structures.The simulation results agree well with the results found in the literature and the results obtained by COMSOL Multiphysicsr.展开更多
文摘First, we develop a unitary process that can explain all four physical activations: electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic force, repulsion, and attraction. Second, it is clarified that cosmological and physical entities relate to different levels of existence in the universe and, hence, cannot be considered under the same paradigm. We know that biological entities use physical substances as executants;analogously, physical entities use cosmological substances as executants. Therefore, we have introduced new terms for the cosmological substances used as executants in physical activities. Third, this study introduces the primary elements of the cosmological world, such as visibility, forcibility, fullness, and hollowness, and defines them according to their attributes. This study explains how different combinations and placements of primary elements create different cosmological fields. These fields are used in all physical activations. Finally, we explain the entity model and how all physical activations occur. This study concludes that all physical activations use primary elements and follow the same universal law. Therefore, this study addresses the untouched subject of the creation of repulsion and attraction (gravitation). Furthermore, it addresses several cosmic mysteries that are yet to be resolved.
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2022YFE0107300the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Key Project under Grant CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0162+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U22A20101the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Key Project under Grant CSTB2022TIAD-CUX0015the Chongqing postdoctoral innovativetalents support program under Grant CQBX202205the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2023M730411.
文摘This paper focuses on the reachable set estimation for Markovian jump neural networks with time delay.By allowing uncertainty in the transition probabilities,a framework unifies and enhances the generality and realism of these systems.To fully exploit the unified uncertain transition probabilities,an equivalent transformation technique is introduced as an alternative to traditional estimation methods,effectively utilizing the information of transition probabilities.Furthermore,a vector Wirtinger-based summation inequality is proposed,which captures more system information compared to existing ones.Building upon these components,a novel condition that guarantees a reachable set estimation is presented for Markovian jump neural networks with unified uncertain transition probabilities.A numerical example is illustrated to demonstrate the superiority of the approaches.
文摘This letter puts forward a method of modeling for the steady-state and small signal dynamic analysis on PWM, quasi-resonant and series/(parallel) resonant switching converters based on pulse-waveform integral approach. As an example, PWM and quasi-resonant converters are used to discuss the principle of the approach. The results are compared with those in the relative literatures. Computer aided analysis are made to confirm the correctness.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11374331the key NSFC under Grant No11534014partially supported by the Australian Research Council
文摘We present a unified derivation of the pressure equation of states, thermodynamics and scaling functions for the one-dimensional （1D） strongly attractive Fermi gases with SU（w） symmetry. These physical quantities provide a rigorous understanding on a universality class of quantum criticality characterized by the critical exponents z = 2 and correlation length exponent v= 1/2. Such a universality class of quantum criticality can occur when the Fermi sea of one branch of charge bound states starts to fill or becomes gapped at zero temperature. The quantum critical cone can be determined by the double peaks in specific heat, which serve to mark two crossover temperatures fanning out from the critical point. Our method opens to further study on quantum phases and phase transitions in strongly interacting fermions with large SU （ w） and non-SU （ w ） symmetries in one dimension.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2007CB210106)
文摘The chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems is considered. Cascade adaptive control approach with only one control input is presented to stabilize states of the uncertain unified chaotic system at the zero equilibrium point. Since an adaptive controller based on dynamic compensation mechanism is employed, the exact model of the unified chaotic system is not necessarily required. By choosing appropriate controller parameters, chaotic phenomenon can be suppressed and the response speed is tunable. Sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the approach is derived. Numerical simulation results confirm that the cascade adaptive control approach with only one control signal is valid in chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program(2022YFA1602403)Continuous Support Basic Scientific Research Project BJ010261223282。
文摘A cross section evaluation of neutron induced reactions on^(48)Ti is undertaken using the Unified Monte Carlo-B(UMC-B)approach.The evaluation concentrates on estimating the covariance and the use of the UMC-B allows avoiding the deficiencies of linear regression brought by the traditional least squares method.Eight main neutron and charged particle emission reactions from n+^(48)Ti in the fast neutron energy region below 20 MeV are studied in this work.The posterior probability density function(PDF)of each neutron cross section is obtained in a UMC-B Bayesian approach by convoluting the model PDFs sampled based on model parameters and the likelihood functions for the experimental data.Nineteen model parameters including level density,pair corrections,optical model and Kalbach matrix element parameter are stochastically sampled with the assumption of normal distributions to estimate the model uncertainty.The Cholesky factorization approach is applied to consider potential parameter correlations.Finally,the posterior covariance matrices are generated using the UMC-B generated weights.The new evaluated results are compared with the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,TENDL-2021 and JENDL-5 evaluations and differences are discussed.
文摘We trace the conceptual basis of the Multi-Band Approach (MBA) and recall the reasons for its wide following for composite superconductors (SCs). Attention is then drawn to a feature that MBA ignores: the possibility that electrons in such an SC may also be bound via simultaneous exchanges of quanta with more than one ion-species—a lacuna which is addressed by the Generalized BCS Equations (GBCSEs). Based on several papers, we give a concise account of how this approach: 1) despite employing a single band, meets the criteria satisfied by MBA because a) GBCSEs are derived from a temperature-incorporated Bethe-Salpeter Equation the kernel of which is taken to be a “superpropagator” for a composite SC-each ion-species of which is distinguished by its own Debye temperature and interaction parameter and b) the band overlapping the Fermi surface is allowed to be of variable width. GBCSEs so-obtained reduce to the usual equations for the Tc and Δ of an elemental SC in the limit superpropagator → 1-phonon propagator;2) accommodates moving Cooper pairs and thereby extends the scope of the original BCS theory which restricts the Hamiltonian at the outset to terms that correspond to pairs having zero centre-of-mass momentum. One can now derive an equation for the critical current density (j0) of a composite SC at T = 0 in terms of the Debye temperatures of its ions and their interaction parameters— parameters that also determine its Tc and Δs;3) transforms the problem of optimizing j0 of a composite SC, and hence its Tc, into a problem of chemical engineering;4) provides a common canopy for most composite SCs, including those that are usually regarded as outside the purview of the BCS theory and have therefore been called “exceptional”, e.g., the heavy-fermion SCs;5) incorporates s±-wave superconductivity as an in-built feature and can therefore deal with the iron-based SCs, and 6) leads to presumably verifiable predictions for the values of some relevant parameters, e.g., the effective mass of electrons, for the SCs for which it has been employed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In this paper,we present a family of gradient projection method with arbitrary initialpoint.The formula of search direction in the method is unitary.The convergent conditions ofthe method are given.When the initial point is feasible,the family of the method contains severalknown algorithms.When the initial point is infeasible,the method is exactly that given in[6].Finally,we give a new method which has global convergence property.
基金This research was supported by the 2016 Research Fund(1.160005.01)of UNIST(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology),and was performed using a Linux cluster of the UNIST supercomputing center.
文摘This article presents a novel monolithic numerical method for computing flow-induced stresses for problems involving arbitrarily-shaped stationary boundaries.A unified momentum equation for a continuum consisting of both fluids and solids is derived in terms of velocity by hybridizing the momentum equations of incompressible fluids and linear elastic solids.Discontinuities at the interface are smeared over a finite thickness around the interface using the signed distance function,and the resulting momentum equation implicitly takes care of the interfacial conditions without using a body-fitted grid.A finite volume approach is employed to discretize the obtained governing equations on a Cartesian grid.For validation purposes,this method has been applied to three examples,lid-driven cavity flow in a square cavity,lid-driven cavity flow in a circular cavity,and flow over a cylinder,where velocity and stress fields are simultaneously obtained for both fluids and structures.The simulation results agree well with the results found in the literature and the results obtained by COMSOL Multiphysicsr.
