Application of the Politeness Principle in the Teachers-Students Communication

In daily communication between teachers and students,many Chinese teachers fail to use politeness principle tactfully or appropriately.This article analyzes some basic principles of politeness and their application in teachers-students communication.

A Retrodirective Array Enabled by CMOS Chips for Two-Way Wireless Communication with Automatic Beam Tracking

This article proposes and demonstrates a retrodirective array(RDA)for two-way wireless communication with automatic beam tracking.The proposed RDA is enabled by specifically designed chips made using a domestic complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process.The highly integrated CMOS chip includes a receiving(Rx)chain,a transmitting(Tx)chain,and a unique tracking phaselocked loop(PLL)for the crucial conjugated phase recovery in the RDA.This article also proposes a method to reduce the beam pointing error(BPE)in a conventional RDA.To validate the above ideas simply yet without loss of generality,a 2.4 GHz RDA is demonstrated through two-way communication links between the Rx and Tx chains,and an on-chip quadrature coupler is designed to achieve a nonretrodirective signal suppression of 23 dBc.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RDA,which incorporates domestically manufactured low-cost 0.18 lm CMOS chips,is capable of automatically tracking beams covering±40with a reduced BPE.Each CMOS chip in the RDA has a compact size of 4.62 mm^(2) and a low power consumption of 0.15 W.To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first research to demonstrate an RDA with a fully customized CMOS chip for wireless communication with automatic beam tracking。

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with two-way classical communication

The data post-processing scheme based on two-way classical communication(TWCC)can improve the tolerable bit error rate and extend the maximal transmission distance when used in a quantum key distribution(QKD)system.In this study,we apply the TWCC method to improve the performance of reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution(RFI-QKD),and analyze the influence of the TWCC method on the performance of decoy-state RFI-QKD in both asymptotic and non-asymptotic cases.Our numerical simulation results show that the TWCC method is able to extend the maximal transmission distance from 175 km to 198 km and improve the tolerable bit error rate from 10.48%to 16.75%.At the same time,the performance of RFI-QKD in terms of the secret key rate and maximum transmission distance are still greatly improved when statistical fluctuations are considered.We conclude that RFI-QKD with the TWCC method is of practical interest.

“Principles of Communications”全英语课程教学研究与实践

"Principles of Communications"课程是通信相关专业的核心基础课程之一。针对传统的"Principles of Communications"课程教学过程中存在的一些问题,本文在师资队伍建设、教材和教学内容选择、教学方法和手段创新、教学管理和考核方法改革等方面提出了一些独特的见解,在实践教学中取得了良好的效果,不仅提高了学生的学习积极性和主动性,还有助于培养学生的独立思考能力和动手操作能力。

Sound Card Based ASK Communication System for Teaching Communication Principle Course

This paper deals with the issue of using the MATLAB tool in teaching the course of communication principles via constructing an Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) communication system. Different from conventional MATLAB based simulations, the constructed system transmits modulated signals through a wire audio channel by exploiting sound card. Synchronization is required before the received signal being demodulated. Many practical problems should be considered as in real system. The designed system can be extended easily, and not only stimulates students’ interest in communication course, but also helps them understanding the principles from system viewpoints.

Priority of the Politeness Principle over the Cooperative Principle in Communication

The Cooperative Principle that Grice proposes explains how conversational implicature is generated but it does not tell us why people are often inclined to convey what they want to say indirectly and implicitly by violating the maxims of the Cooperative Principle. Leech introduces the Politeness Principle to provide a reasonable explanation for this question, that is, for politeness. From the perspective of the purpose of communication, this article tries to argue that the Politeness Principle has the greater binding force in conversation and it should be given priority over the Cooperative Principle.

Teaching Reform and Innovation of Communication Principles Curriculum Based on O2O Mode

Since the communication principles content are abstract and complex,and systematic,students generally reflect this course is difficult to learn,under stand and master,teachers also feel difficult to teach.Therefore,how to improve the quality of teaching of communication principles curriculum is the key problem in teaching process.The Online to Offline(O2O)hybrid teaching mode can realize classroom flip,further deepen the curriculum reform,make curriculum quality standards,recard and optimize teaching content,refine teaching requirements,improve teaching methods and the construction of curriculum resources,curric ulum construction quality assurance system.It explores the reform of other courses for Communication Engineering Department,provides technical support and accumulates valuable experience for subsequent courses to complete O2O mode teaching.

On Communication through the Cooperative Principle Maxims Flouted and Metaphor——Taking Rage Comic News Events as an Example

Communication is an effect way to transmit the ideas of speaker and listener. For promoting a successful communication, the Cooperative principle is founded. Then some people intentionally violate the rule for some purposes, such as expressing their true meaning in the communication. During this process, they violate those maxims with metaphor to express their ideas,thoughts, and attitudes and so on, which tries to change other people's thoughts. This way is widely used in some programs, and Rage Comic News Events is one of them, which is a good way to form a valid communication to the communicators.

Politeness Principle and the Choice of Address Forms in Intercultural Communication

This paper makes a tentative study of the politeness strategies stressed in the choice of address forms in Chinese,American and Japanese culture under the guidance of Politeness Principle by Brown and Levinson.Through a comprehensive analysis,It is concluded that the major function of English address forms is to indicate solidarity and realize positive politeness,In contrast,both Chinese and Japanese address forms emphasize deference and help achieve negative politeness;It is the author's hope that a better understanding of these addressing rules in different cultures will benefit effective use of these languages and help avoid miscommunication in intercultural communication.

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution with Two-Way Local Operations and Classical Communications

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution （MDI-QKD） is proven to be immune to all the de- tector side channel attacks. With two symmetric quantum channels, the maximal transmission distance can be doubled when compared with the prepare-and-measure QKD. An interesting question is whether the transmission distance can be extended further. In this work, we consider the contributions of the two-way local operations and classical communications to the key generation rate and transmission distance of the MDI-QKD. Our numerical results show that the secure transmission distances are increased by about 12kin and 8 km when the 1 13 and the 2 B steps are implemented, respectively.

Four Principles to Achieve Communicative Competence in Language Teaching

The paper aims to discuss the theory of communicative competence(CC for short) and its implications for language teaching.

Parametric down-conversion with local operation and two-way classical communication

The decoy-state quantum key distribution protocol suggested by Adachi et al. （Phys. Rev. Lett 99 180503 （2007）） is proven to be secure and feasible with current techniques. It owns two attractive merits, i.e., its longer secure transmission distance and more convenient operation design. In this paper, we first improve the protocol with the aid of local operation and two-way classical communication （2-LOCC）. After our modifications, the secure transmission distance is increased by about 20 km, which will make the protocol more practicable.

Two-Way Cooperative Quantum Communication with Partial Entanglement Analysis

In this paper, we describe an improved cooperative two-way quantum communication scheme that works in a forward-and-backward fashion. In this scheme, partial entanglement analysis based on five-qubit entangled Brown state allows for the simultaneous exchange of arbitrary unknown states between Alice and Bob （with the help of trusted Charlie）. Security is guaranteed because opposing unknown states are transmitted by performing the suitable recovery operations in a deterministic way or, in the case of irregularities, no results are generated. The current two-way quantum communication scheme can also be extended to transmit arbitrary unknown states. This is done in a probabilistic way by using two-way quantum teleportation based on the generalized Brown-like state.

Energy efficiency optimization of relay-assisted D2D two-way communications with SWIPT

Aiming at the energy consumption of long-distance device-to-device(D2D) devices for two-way communications in a cellular network,this paper proposes a strategy that combines two-way relay technology(TWRT) and simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT) technology to achieve high energy efficiency(EE) communication.The scheme first establishes a fractional programming problem to maximize EE of D2D,and transforms it into a non-fractional optimization problem that can be solved easily.Then the problem is divided into three sub-problems:power control,power splitting ratios optimization,and relay selection.In order to maximize EE of the D2D pair,the Dinkelbach iterative algorithm is used to optimize the transmitted power of two D2D devices simultaneously;the one-dimensional search algorithm is proposed to optimize power splitting ratios;an improved optimal relay selection scheme based on EE is proposed to select relay.Finally,experiments are carried out on the Matlab simulation platform.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has faster convergence.Compared with the one-way relay transmission and fixed relay algorithms,the proposed scheme has higher EE.

Application of Communicative Principles in Classroom Teaching of Listening

In the listening teaching classes in colleges and universities, it is still a common phenomenon that the teaching is conducted in a fixed mode： explanation of new words, listening and doing exercises and then checking of answers. Interactive activities are scarcely held. This article focuses on the application of communicative principles in classroom teaching of listening. The theoretic support for this practice is provided and the conduct of the specific application of communicative principles during the pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening phases in classroom teaching of listening is discussed.

Perspectives on the Applicability of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle in China

As two main universal principles in conversation,Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle play important roles in communication and intercultural communication.While in language teaching and learning in China,the neglect of the principles is caused by various reasons and thus leads to communication disorder in intercultural communication.The issue should draw the attention of English teachers who can lead students into the acquisition of the two principles in language learning.

Energy Efficiency and Spectrum Efficiency in Underlay Device-to-Device Communications Enabled Cellular Networks

In this paper, we investigate the energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency, including one-hop device-to-device(D2D) communications mode and two-way amplify-and-forward(AF) relaying D2D communications mode in underlay D2D communications enabled cellular networks. An analysis of average energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency are developed and closed-form expressions are obtained for two types of D2D communications modes under the effect of Rayleigh fading channel, path loss, and co-channel interference. Analytical results are validated through numerical simulations. Based on the simulation, the effects of the interference, the distance between D2D pair and the position of relay node on the energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency of D2D communications are investigated. The optimal D2D transmission powers of these two modes to maximize the energy efficiency are also investigated.

Analyzing the Transcripts of Desperate Housewives from the Perspective of Cooperate Principle

The cooperative principle put forward by Grice is an important part of pragmatics.The four maxims included in the cooperative principle are effective in analyzing people's conversation,and sometimes the violations of the four maxims can often generate the implicit meaning of conversation,which called conversational implicature,or achieve certain communicative effects such as humor,irony and so on.This article tries to analyze some transcripts from a popular TV series of America called Desperate Housewives season I from the perspective of cooperative principle to show how to infer the conversational implicature and communicative effects of people's conversation with cooperative principle.

On Politeness in Classroom Conversational Communication

To make effective communication,Politeness Principle has become an important part in the research of pragmatics.So politeness can first of all be considered as a phenomenon,an observable social phenomenon.According to the Cooperative Principle put forward by Grice,the users of language in communication usually have the desire to cooperate with each other and observe the four maxims of good communicative behavior:Quality Maxim,Quantity Maxim,Relation Maxim,and Manner Maxim.However,people often violate these maxims intentionally,expressing themselves in an indirect way to convey the intended meaning.It is mainly for politeness that speakers tend to talk indirectly.Therefore,I intend to explore how to adopt proper politeness strategies and use English polite language appropriately to make communication successful,especially in classroom daily communication.

The Application of Politeness Principle in Business English Letter

With the further globalization of China's economy and the continuous development of China's market economy in recent years,the foreign commercial activities of Chinese enterprises become more and more frequent.Subsequently,business correspondence becomes increasingly important because of its unique function in business trade.This paper combines the classical politeness theory of linguistics with the writing of business English letters,and analyzes the ways to realize politeness strategies in business English letters,so that people can better use politeness strategies to optimize the communication effect in international business communication.