A Simple Egg Membrane Patch Bridging Method for Repairing Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of a simple egg membrane patch bridging method in repairing tympanic membrane perforation.Methods:A total of 93 tympanic membrane perforation patients admitted to the hospital between September 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method.The control group implemented the conventional treatment(n=46 cases),and the patch group adopted the simple egg membrane patch bridging method(n=47 cases).The healing rate of the tympanic membrane,the air-bone gap,the air conduction hearing threshold,the dry ear rate,and the incidence of complications in both groups were compared before and after treatment.Results:The healing rate of the tympanic membrane in the patch group was significantly higher than that of the control group(95.75%vs.76.09%),with P<0.05;there was no difference in the air-bone gap and air conduction hearing threshold levels between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05),and the hearing indexes of the patch group were significantly lower than those of the control group 3 months after treatment(P<0.05);the dry ear rate in the patch group was significantly higher than that of the control group after treatment(85.11%vs.67.39%),and the total incidence of complications was also significantly lower than that of the control group(6.38%vs.21.74%),with P<0.05.Conclusion:The simple egg membrane patch bridging method is effective in repairing tympanic membrane perforation,which can effectively improve patients’hearing levels and reduce the occurrence of post-treatment complications.Thus,it is worth popularizing and applying in the clinic.

Disagreement in middle ear volume estimation between tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction in the context of tympanic membrane perforation

Introduction: Middle ear volume(MEV) is a clinically relevant parameter across middle ear diseases. MEV values between these techniques have never before been tested for agreement in ears with perforated tympanic membranes(TMs).Methods: Middle ears were identified from 36 patients ranging 18-89 years of age with TM perforations who underwent tympanometry and temporal bone computed tomography(CT) between 2005 and 2015. MEVs calculated by both tympanometry and three-dimensional volume reconstruction(3DVR) were analyzed for agreement using Bland Altman plots. The differences between tympanometric and 3DVR MEV values for each given middle ear were characterized across MEV quartiles(1= smallest; 4= largest) and across increasing states of middle ear disease using Kruskale Wallis and Wilcoxon testing with Bonferroni correction.Results: Bland Altman plots demonstrated significant disagreement between MEV measurement techniques. Differences between tympanometric(T) and 3DVR MEV values were significantly greater with increasing average(i.e.(Tt3DVR)/2)) MEV per linear regression(p < 0.0001). Significance was demonstrated between fourth and first average MEV quartiles(p= 0.0024), fourth and second quartiles(p= 0.0024), third and first quartiles(p= 0.0048), and third and second quartiles(p= 0.048). Absolute MEV difference was not significantly different across varying states of middle ear disease(p= 0.44).Conclusion: Statistically and clinically significant disagreement was demonstrated between tympanometric and 3DVR MEV values. Studies that vary in MEV estimation techniques may be expected to demonstrate significantly different results. These preliminary results suggest that clinicians should endeavor to seek further confirmation when interpreting high tympanometric MEV values.

Does central tympanic membrane perforation affect infrared tympanic thermometer measurements in adults?

Objective: Infrared Tympanic Thermometer(ITT) is one of the most useful instruments for accurately measuring temperature. The effects of ear pathologies on ITT measurement remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine if tympanic membrane perforation(TMP) affects ITT measurements in adult patients.Material and methods: A total of 90 adult patients with monaural central TMP were enrolled in this study.Patients were categorized into three subgroups according to perforation size(1-3 mm, 4-7 mm, and 8-10 mm).The tympanic temperatures of the affected and unaffected sites, and subgroups were compared with each other.Results: This study contained 54(60%) males and 36(40%) females ranging from 20 to 58 years of age(mean age: 30.74 ± 9.61 years). The mean tympanic temperature of the side affected with TMP was 36.34 oC ± 0.61 oC.The mean tympanic temperature of the unaffected side with healthy and intact tympanic membrane was 36.33 oC ± 0.6 oC. The Pearson correlation score for the tympanic temperatures and the size of TMP was 0.22 which was not significant(r=-0.12).Conclusion: TMP and perforation size do not affect ITT measurements in adult patients.

Postoperative complications of concomitant fat embolism syndrome, pulmonary embolism and tympanic membrane perforation after tibiofibular fracture: A case report

BACKGROUND Fat embolism syndrome(FES)is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary distress,neurologic symptoms,and petechial rash and seriously threatens human life and health.It is still neglected clinically because of the lack of verifiable diagnostic criteria and atypical clinical symptoms.No studies on FES with pulmonary embolism(PE)and tympanic membrane perforation have been reported to date.Here,we report a rare case of concomitant FES,PE and tympanic membrane perforation after surgery in a patient with a tibiofibular fracture.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man presented with right lower extremity pain due to a car accident while driving a motorbike on the road.X-ray and computed tomography scans revealed a fracture of the right mid-shaft tibia and proximal fibula categorized as a type A2 fracture according to the AO classification.A successful minimally invasive operation was performed 3 d after the injury.Postoperatively,the patient developed sudden symptoms of respiratory distress and hearing loss.Early diagnosis was made,and supportive treatments were used at the early stage of FES.Seven days after surgery,he presented a clear recovery from respiratory symptoms.The outcome of fracture healing was excellent,and his hearing of the left ear was mildly impaired at the last follow-up of 4 mo.CONCLUSION Concomitant FES,PE and tympanic membrane perforation are very rare but represent potentially fatal complications of trauma or orthopedic surgery and present with predominantly pulmonary symptoms.Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the mortality of FES,and prevention is better than a cure.

Comparison of endoscopic tympanoplasty to microscopic tympanoplasty in anterior tympanic membrane perforation

Objective:Tympanoplasty aims to eradicate lesions and restore middle ear function in chronic otitis media.This study was conducted to compare the surgical and functional outcomes of endoscopic tympanoplasty(ET)and microscopic tympanoplasty(MT)in anterior tympanic membrane perforation.Methods:The clinical data of 42 patients undergoing tympanoplasty with anterior quadrants tympanic membrane perforation between January 2018 and July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were classified into the ET group(n?22)or the MT group(n?20).Patients’demographics,clinical characteristics,surgical and functional outcomes were assessed between the two groups.Results:External auditory canal widening was not necessary in the ET group and was performed in 55.0%of patients in the MT group.The operation time of the ET group was significantly shorter than that of the MT group(61.23±11.48 min vs.78.65±11.79 min,p=0.034).The pain scale score of the ET group at 24 hours after surgery was significantly lower than that of the MT group(0.86±0.64 vs.2.40±1.14,p=0.029).The grafting success rate was 95.5%(21/22)in the ET group and 95.0%(19/20)in the MT group.In the ET group,the pre-and postoperative air-bone gap were 35.60±8.43 dB and 18.79±5.80 dB,respectively,which was a significant improvement(p=0.016).The respective values in the MT group(33.33±7.88 dB and 19.58±6.24 dB)also represented a significant improvement(p=0.004).Conclusion:ET is more beneficial for patients with anterior tympanic membrane perforations,which helps minimize the surgical trauma and reduces operation time and postoperative pain.

Chronic model of tympanic perforation in rats with mitomycin C and dexamethasone

A rat model of chronic tympanic membrane perforation was developed to be used in the search of new materials for the sealing of these perforations. A longitudinal study was carried out in rats subjected to incisional myr-ingotomy followed by the application of mitomycin C alone or with dexamethasone. Rats were checked at days 3, 7,1 0,1 4 and weekly thereafter until perforation closure, for up to 6 months. The addition of dexamethasone is a key component in order to obtain a chronic opening. Myringotomies treated w ith saline had a mean healing time of 8.5 days. At 8 weeks, between 62.5% and 77.7% of tympanic membranes treated w ith mitomycin C and dexamethasone remained perforated and at 6 months this number fell to 21.4%. This technique is able to maintain most tympanic membrane perforations patent for at least 8 weeks. This rat model is adequate for its use in preclinical or translational research.

Single Flap Otoendoscopic Myringoplasty for Large Central Perforation—A Pilot Study

Introduction: Otoendoscopic myringoplasty has been successfully used for repair of small to medium sized perforation using various materials. Very few studies have used this method for repair of large central perforation. Goals: To evaluate the transcanal otoendoscopic approach to reconstruct large central perforation by raising single flap. Methods Utilized: Pilot study on forty patients with chronic suppurative otitis media dry stage with large central perforation in medical college hospital and research centre was conducted. A zero degree 4 mm otoendoscope and custom made suction elevator was used for myringoplasty. Results: The perforation of thirty eight patients had healed by the end of two months. Conclusion: Otoendoscopic myringoplasty is effective in managing large central perforation and patients need to be observed for longer period to calculate the successful rate.

生物凝胶辅助空气悬浮技术在耳内镜鼓膜修补术中的应用

目的 介绍一种简易的利用生物凝胶辅助空气悬浮技术耳内镜下鼓膜修补的手术方式,并观察手术效果。方法 选择2023年2月—6月在南京明基医院就诊的鼓膜穿孔患者24例(25耳),其中男13例,女11例;年龄(42.3±10.1)岁。行耳内镜下生物凝胶辅助空气悬浮技术修补鼓膜。术中利用内植法植入耳屏软骨膜,鼓室内外不填塞,术后第3天、第6天及第2、4、8、12周门诊随访,行耳内镜检查。结果 24例(25耳)患者平均每耳手术时间(34.2±10.5)min, 2耳术后3 d漏气,1例术后3周感染,均进行积极处理,无耳闷、出血、过敏等并发症,随访时间1~3个月,穿孔鼓膜均愈合良好。结论 生物凝胶辅助空气悬浮技术修补鼓膜简便、微创、快速,术后无耳闷,为唯一听力耳手术提供了一种新选择,同时方便双耳同时手术、局麻手术及无法配合术后换药的儿童手术。

耳内镜下鼓膜修补术后穿孔再修补的疗效分析

目的 探讨人工硬脑膜和表皮生长因子在耳内镜下鼓膜修补术后鼓膜穿孔再修补中的临床疗效。方法 选择该院耳内镜下鼓膜修补术后复查时仍有鼓膜穿孔未愈合的患者58例,随机分为A组和B组,各29例。A组采用明胶海绵修补鼓膜穿孔,B组采用人工硬脑膜和表皮生长因子修补鼓膜穿孔,每个月复查鼓膜愈合情况,3个月后复查纯间测听。结果 A组修补成功率为34.48%(10/29),B组修补成功率为75.86%(22/29),两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);A组气骨导差改善(7.32±2.68) dB HL,B组气骨导差改善(21.77±4.65)dB HL,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 人工硬脑膜是合适的鼓膜再生支架,表皮生长因子可促进鼓膜穿孔愈合,两者结合使用是鼓膜再修补的一种可行的治疗方案。

银杏叶提取物在外伤性鼓膜大穿孔中的应用效果分析

目的探讨银杏叶提取物在外伤性鼓膜大穿孔中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月至2022年12月武汉市汉口医院收治的86例外伤性鼓膜大穿孔患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方法将其分为观察组(43例)和对照组(43例),观察组患者采用湿润烧伤膏棉片贴补联合银杏叶提取物注射液治疗,对照组患者单纯采用湿润烧伤膏棉片贴补治疗,对比观察两组患者鼓膜穿孔愈合率和愈合时间以及听力改善情况与药物不良反应发生情况。结果治疗14 d后,观察组患者鼓膜穿孔愈合率为9302%,与对照组患者的鼓膜穿孔愈合率9070%无明显差异(χ^(2)=0156,P=0693)。观察组患者鼓膜穿孔愈合时间为(109±26)d,与对照组患者的鼓膜穿孔愈合时间(116±29)d无明显差异(t=1179,P=0242)。治疗结束后,观察组患者听力改善总有效率为9535%,明显高于对照组患者的听力改善总有效率7674%(χ^(2)=6198,P=0013)。治疗期间,两组患者均未发生药物不良反应。结论银杏叶提取物虽不能提高外伤性鼓膜大穿孔愈合率,但可改善听力下降等症状,且不会引发明显不良反应,值得临床推广应用。

耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜复合体修补鼓膜大穿孔的疗效观察

目的分析耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜复合体修补鼓膜大穿孔的疗效。方法选取60例(60耳)实施耳内镜手术修补鼓膜大穿孔的患者,随机分为对照组和实验组各30例,其中对照组采用耳屏软骨膜修补,实验组采用耳屏软骨-软骨膜复合体修补。所有患者术后1、3、6个月复查,对比分析两组患者鼓膜愈合情况及听力改善情况,听力观察指标主要0.5、1、2、4 kHz的气导、骨导听力。结果(1)实验组鼓膜愈合率96.7%(29/30),对照组86.7%(26/30),实验组鼓膜愈合率高于对照组,但差异并无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.873,P=0.350);(2)两组患者比较术前与术后6个月平均气导听阈及气骨导差,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经外耳道入路的耳内镜手术符合微创治疗理念,耳屏软骨-软骨膜复合体是可靠的自体修补材料,术后能达到较好的鼓膜愈合状态,并获得良好的听力提高,是一种可靠的鼓膜大穿孔修补手术的方法选择,值得临床应用推广。

慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜穿孔特征与听力损失的相关性研究

目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜穿孔特征与听力损失的相关性。方法回顾性分析2022年7月~2023年7月于兰州大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科确诊为慢性化脓性中耳炎并行Ⅰ型鼓室成形术治疗的80例患者(104耳)的纤维耳内镜图像及完整的听力学资料。采用ImageJ图像软件测量鼓膜穿孔面积,以穿孔边界面积占完整鼓膜边界面积的百分比(RAp值)为鼓膜穿孔相对面积。分析不同面积鼓膜穿孔、穿孔涉及象限、穿孔边缘是否钙化以及穿孔范围是否累及锤骨柄与气骨导差(ABG)的关系。结果慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜穿孔患者的鼓膜穿孔面积与平均气骨导差之间呈显著正相关关系(R^(2)=0.141,P<0.0001),相对穿孔面积越大者ABG越大;穿孔累及锤骨柄的患者较未累及锤骨柄的患者气骨导差更大(P<0.05);鼓膜穿孔边缘钙化情况和穿孔位置对听力损失的影响很小,几乎可以忽略不计。结论鼓膜穿孔引起的传导性听力损失与穿孔大小和穿孔是否累及锤骨柄有关,穿孔相对面积越大及穿孔累及锤骨柄患者的传导性听力损失往往更重。

耳内镜下蝶形软骨嵌入法与耳屏软骨膜内置法修补鼓膜中等穿孔的临床效果

目的:探讨耳内镜下蝶形软骨嵌入法与耳屏软骨膜内置法修补鼓膜中等穿孔的临床效果及其差别。方法:回顾性分析2021年6月至12月在宁波市第二医院耳鼻咽喉科住院接受耳内镜下不翻瓣鼓室成形术I型的鼓膜中等穿孔患者临床资料。根据手术方式分为两组,其中观察组采用蝶形软骨嵌入法修补鼓膜穿孔,对照组采用耳屏软骨膜内置法修补鼓膜穿孔。两组术后6、12、18个月定期随访,并行耳内镜、纯音听阈检查。比较两组术后鼓膜穿孔愈合、听力恢复、并发症、耳闷感及手术时间等情况。结果:纳入研究病例56例,其中观察组32例,对照组24例。两组在性别、年龄、鼓膜穿孔病因、位置、鼓膜钙化斑、干湿耳方面差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后6、12个月两组鼓膜穿孔愈合率均为100%。术后18个月观察组鼓膜穿孔愈合30例(93.75%),对照组22例(91.67%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组平均气导由术前(35.29±7.25)dB HL下降至术后18个月(19.06±4.96)dB HL(t=27.848,P<0.01),平均气骨导差由术前(16.72±4.95)dB HL下降至术后18个月(7.66±3.37)dB HL(t=18.166,P<0.01)。对照组平均气导由术前(33.23±5.71)dB HL下降至术后18个月(17.76±2.55)dB HL(t=20.276,P<0.01),平均气骨导差由术前(15.36±4.73)d B HL下降至术后18个月(7.45±2.67)dB HL(t=16.108,P<0.01)。两组平均气导下降程度及平均气骨导下降程度比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=0.804,P=0.425;t=1.599,P=0.116)。观察组手术时间为(27.72±3.03)min,明显短于对照组(31.71±3.95)min,观察组术后耳闷感VAS评分为(2.09±0.69),明显低于对照组(3.42±0.72),差异均有统计学意义(t=-8.949,P<0.01;t=-6.987,P<0.01)。结论:耳内镜下蝶形软骨嵌入法修补鼓膜中等穿孔的临床效果与耳屏软骨膜内置法均良好,成功率高、并发症少,较耳屏软骨膜内置法耗时短、术后耳闷感轻。

不同修补技术在较大鼓膜穿孔患者中的治疗效果及对听阈、鼓膜愈合的影响

目的探讨不同修补技术在较大鼓膜穿孔(TMP)患者中的治疗效果及对听阈、鼓膜愈合的影响。方法选取2022年1月至2023年2月120例较大TMP,按照随机数字表法分为3组,各40例。A组采取筛状软骨-软骨膜技术修补,B组采取软骨膜-软骨岛修补,C组采取栅栏软骨-软骨膜技术修补,术后均使用碱性成纤维细胞生长因子凝胶治疗。比较3组鼓膜愈合情况、围术期指标、手术前后听力情况[500、1000、2000、4000 Hz纯音听阈(PTA)、气-骨导差(ABG)平均值]、耳闷及并发症发生情况。结果A组鼓膜愈合率高于B组、C组,术中出血量少于B组、C组,手术时间、耳屏愈合时间、住院时间、术后干耳时间短于B组、C组(P<0.05)。A组术后1、3、6个月PTA、ABG平均值低于B组、C组(P<0.05);A组术后6个月耳闷程度低于B组、C组(P<0.05);A组并发症总发生率较B组、C组降低(P<0.05)。B组与C组上述指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论筛状软骨-软骨膜技术治疗较大TMP,能缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量,促进鼓膜愈合,改善耳闷,提高听力,并降低并发症风险。

耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜双瓣鼓膜修补术治疗鼓膜大穿孔的效果

目的 观察耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜双瓣鼓膜修补术治疗鼓膜大穿孔的效果。方法 选取上海交通大学医学院苏州九龙医院2018年1月至2022年8月收治的80例鼓膜大穿孔患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为显微镜组和耳内镜组,每组各40例。显微镜组和耳内镜组分别给予显微镜下和耳内镜下耳屏软骨膜双瓣鼓膜修补术治疗,比较2组患者治疗效果。结果 耳内镜组手术时间[(49.02±7.77) min]、住院时间[(4.89±1.02) d]短于显微镜组[(78.96±9.85) min、(6.22±1.41) d],术中出血量[(7.21±2.25) ml]少于显微镜组[(14.55±5.23) ml],并发症发生率与显微镜组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前比较,2组患者术后3个月气导听阈、骨导听阈及气骨导差均下降(P<0.05)。与术前比较,2组患者术后3个月耳鸣分级均降低(P<0.05)。与术前比较,2组患者术后3个月物质生活、社会关系、躯体功能、心理功能评分均升高,且耳内镜组高于显微镜组(P<0.05)。2组患者术后1个月、3个月鼓膜愈合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 耳内镜下鼓膜修补术手术时间短,出血少,术后恢复快,可改善听力,减轻耳鸣症状,提高患者生活质量。

载骨髓间充质干细胞的高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜修复大鼠长期鼓膜穿孔

背景:近年来出现许多新颖的鼓膜修补材料,包括贴片、3D打印支架等,然而经过这些材料修补后的鼓膜在厚度和内部结构上不同于天然鼓膜。目的:探究载骨髓间充质干细胞的高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜修补大鼠长期鼓膜穿孔的效果。方法:利用静电纺丝技术分别制备聚己内酯、聚己内酯-胶原与高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜,表征支架的表面形态、孔隙率及细胞相容性。取50只雄性SD大鼠,使用无菌23号针头刺破双耳鼓膜后下部联合丝裂霉素C、氢化可的松用药法建立鼓膜穿孔模型;造模12周后,采用随机数字表法将大鼠分为5组:空白对照组不进行任何治疗,其他4组鼓膜穿孔处分别植入聚己内酯纳米纤维膜(聚己内酯组)、聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜(聚己内酯-胶原组)、高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜(高孔聚己内酯-胶原组)与载骨髓间充质干细胞的高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜(载细胞高孔聚己内酯-胶原组),每组10只,支架植入1,2,3,4周利用耳内镜检查鼓膜愈合情况,植入4周后进行鼓膜组织苏木精-伊红、Masson染色与Ki-67免疫组化染色观察。结果与结论:①支架表征:扫描电镜显示相较于其他纳米纤维膜,高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜具有排列更加整齐的纳米纤维结构与更大的表面孔径,并且孔隙率更高(P<0.001);细胞活死染色显示,骨髓间充质干细胞在3种支架上附着良好,其中高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜上的活细胞数量多于其他两种支架;阿尔马兰染色显示,高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜上的骨髓间充质干细胞增殖率高于其他两种纤维膜;②动物实验:除空白对照组外,随着纤维膜植入时间的延长,其他4组大鼠鼓膜逐渐愈合,其中载细胞高孔聚己内酯-胶原组愈合速度最快;苏木精-伊红、Masson与Ki-67免疫组化染色显示,载细胞高孔聚己内酯-胶原组大鼠鼓膜厚度适中且具有3层结构,其中胶原纤维层均匀一致,与正常鼓膜相似,鼓膜修复质量好于其他纤维膜组;③结果表明:载骨髓间充质干细胞的高孔聚己内酯-胶原纳米纤维膜不仅能够快速修补鼓膜穿孔,而且新愈合鼓膜在组织结构和厚度上类似于正常鼓膜。

鼓膜穿孔导致听力下降的有限元模型分析

目的探讨鼓膜穿孔导致听力下降的机制。方法通过有限元分析法(finite element analysis,FEA)构建全耳有限元模型并验证;参照实际鼓膜穿孔病例,创建个性化的鼓膜穿孔有限元模型,模拟鼓膜穿孔导致的听力损失;使用基底膜的位移响应与基线的差异来模拟听力损失情况,分析中耳各个组分对听力损失的贡献程度,探讨鼓膜穿孔导致听力下降的机制。结果如果将圆窗膜和中耳腔的耦合去掉,将导致低频约40 dB的听力下降,而高频段基本与基线情况下鼓膜穿孔所导致的听力损失持平;去除鼓膜内侧面和中耳腔气体的耦合,可部分减轻低频听力损失,而高频听力损失加重;切断外耳道气体和中耳腔气体之间的连续性,低频听力损失加重;但是去除圆窗膜和中耳腔之间耦合关系并且去除中耳腔气体和鼓膜内侧面的连接后,原先低频的40 dB听力损失将会恢复到10 dB左右;而去除中耳腔气体和听骨链之间的耦合,对听力损失无明显影响。结论鼓膜穿孔导致听力下降的主要机制是鼓膜穿孔本身所导致的传声效能降低,以及鼓膜内外声压差的降低;圆窗膜处声压的增加可以部分弥补鼓膜穿孔所导致的听力损失。

耳内镜下超薄耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的应用研究

目的探讨耳内镜下超薄耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的效果。方法回顾性分析31例应用超薄耳屏软骨-软骨膜行耳内镜下夹层法鼓膜修补术的患者资料,随访6个月,分析术后鼓膜愈合率、听力恢复情况。结果30例鼓膜愈合,成功率96.8%,无移植物外移、内陷、钝角愈合;术前平均气导听阈为(38.3±3.3)dB HL,骨气导差为(23.5±3.1)dB HL,术后平均气导听阈为(22.3±1.6)dB HL,骨气导差为(6.3±2.5)dB HL,听力较术前提高(P<0.001)。结论超薄耳屏软骨-软骨膜在耳内镜下鼓膜大穿孔修补术中效果较好,并发症少,是可靠的修复材料,值得临床推广应用。

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在鼓膜穿孔修复中的应用及研究进展

鼓膜穿孔是耳科临床常见的疾病。大多数外伤性鼓膜穿孔可自然愈合。如果穿孔持续存在,则需要手术干预。然而外科手术会存在穿孔不愈合、继发性中耳炎等风险。为了解决这一难题,各种生物活性分子应用到了临床,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子能够促进鼓膜周围组织再生,在动物试验及临床应用中已被验证,并取得良好效果。该文对碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在鼓膜修复的文献进行归纳与总结。

儿童慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜穿孔的风险预测模型构建

目的探讨影响儿童慢性化脓性中耳炎(CSOM)发生鼓膜穿孔的因素,并以此构建风险预警模型。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月收治在上海市东方医院吉安医院耳鼻喉科慢性化脓性中耳炎的患儿136例作为训练集,根据患儿有无发生鼓膜穿孔分为鼓膜穿孔组23例和非鼓膜穿孔组113例。于2022年5月—2023年2月纳入59例慢性化脓性中耳炎的患儿作为验证集。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析慢性化脓性中耳炎患儿发生鼓膜穿孔的影响因素,应用R语言软件绘制相应的列线图,以此构建对应的风险预警模型。同时在模型组数据(内部验证)和验证组数据(外部验证)中采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、校准曲线及Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L)拟合优度检验来评估模型的预测性能;采用临床决策曲线来评估模型的临床适用性。结果多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,病程3个月以上、急性化脓性中耳炎病史、反复上呼吸道感染、咽鼓管功能障碍、抗生素使用不合理均是影响慢性化脓性中耳炎的患儿发生鼓膜穿孔的因素。基于以上5个独立影响因素构建相应的风险预测模型。模型组的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.873(95%CI=0.798~0.948,P<0.001),敏感度为95.70%、特异度为74.30%,H-L拟合优度检验结果显示χ^(2)=11.063,P=0.198,模型拟合情况良好;验证组的AUC为0.870(95%CI=0.763~0.977,P<0.001),敏感度为80.00%、特异度为85.70%,H-L拟合优度检验结果显示χ^(2)=2.048,P=0.957,模型拟合情况良好。校准曲线结果显示,模型预测概率与实际发生情况之间具有良好的一致性;临床决策曲线结果显示,模型具有较高的临床实用价值。结论慢性化脓性中耳炎患儿发生鼓膜穿孔受多种因素影响,构建的预测模型具有较好的临床应用价值。