A Score Type Test for General Autoregressive Models in Time Series

This paper is devoted to the goodness-of-fit test for the general autoregressive models in time series. By averaging for the weighted residuals, we construct a score type test which is asymptotically standard chi-squared under the null and has some desirable power properties under the alternatives. Specifically, the test is sensitive to alternatives and can detect the alternatives approaching, along a direction, the null at a rate that is arbitrarily close to n-1/2. Furthermore, when the alternatives are not directional, we construct asymptotically distribution-free maximin tests for a large class of alternatives. The performance of the tests is evaluated through simulation studies.

TESTING THE ADEQUACY OF GARCH-TYPE MODELS IN TIME SERIES

In this article a new approach for checking the adequacy of GARCH-type models in time series was proposed. The resulted tests involve weight functions, which provide them with the flexibility in choosing scores to enhance power performance. The choice of weight functions and the power properties of the tests are studied. For a large number of alternatives, asymptotically distribution-free maximin test is constructed. The tests are asymptotically chi-squared under the null hypothesis and easy to implement. Simulation results indicate that the tests perform well.

PERCENTAGE POINTS AND POWER OF AK-S TYPE TEST FOR LINEARITY IN AUTOREGRESSIVE TIME SERIES

The empirical upper percentage points of the null distribution of a Kolmogorov-Smirnov type test for checking linearity in autoregressive models are tabulated in this paper, and the good power property of the test is demonstrated.

INTEGRAL-TYPE TESTS FOR GOODNESS-OF-FIT

A family of integral-type goodness-of-fit tests is investigated.This family includes someexisting tests,such as the Cramér-von Mises test and Anderson-Darling test,etc.The asymptoticdistributions of the tests in the family under the null and local alternative hypotheses are established.The almost sure convergence under a fixed underlying distribution is obtained.Furthermore,simulationsare conducted to compare the powers of the tests in the family.Simulation results show that fordifferent alternatives,the more powerful tests are different,and the parameter λ has great influence onthe tests in small sample cases.

Robust U-type test for high dimensional regression coefficients using refitted cross-validation variance estimation

This paper aims to develop a new robust U-type test for high dimensional regression coefficients using the estimated U-statistic of order two and refitted cross-validation error variance estimation. It is proved that the limiting null distribution of the proposed new test is normal under two kinds of ordinary models.We further study the local power of the proposed test and compare with other competitive tests for high dimensional data. The idea of refitted cross-validation approach is utilized to reduce the bias of sample variance in the estimation of the test statistic. Our theoretical results indicate that the proposed test can have even more substantial power gain than the test by Zhong and Chen(2011) when testing a hypothesis with outlying observations and heavy tailed distributions. We assess the finite-sample performance of the proposed test by examining its size and power via Monte Carlo studies. We also illustrate the application of the proposed test by an empirical analysis of a real data example.

Genetic test in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome: An evolving story

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1(MEN1) is an autosomal dominant inherited tumour syndrome expressing various endocrine and non-endocrine lesions and tumours. Since the identification of the causative gene, the oncosuppressor gene MEN1, in 1997, genetic testing has revealed an important approach for the early and differential diagnosis of the disease. The finding of a MEN1 mutation in a patient has important clinical implications for relatives since it allows very early disease diagnosis and identification of carriers, even before biochemical and/or clinical manifestation, permitting their inclusion in a specific program of surveillance and subsequent praecox therapy. Currently, genetic testing for MEN1 consists principally of the sequencing of coding regions and intron-exon junctions of the MEN1 gene. However, the recent acquisition of novel high throughput technologies will allow the design of innovative, accurate, complete and rapid genetic diagnosis. These new tools are able to increase the strength of the analysis and almost completely eliminate the possibility of false negative results. This review aims to give an overview on genetic testing of MEN1 syndrome, reporting the positive aspects of performing the analysis and the future perspectives for improving the performance of the test, as well as its application in clinical practice.

Evaluation and diagnostic testing of erectile dysfunction in the era of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

自从安全、有效的口头的治疗的可获得性，可勃起的机能障碍的诊断和处理戏剧性地变化了。不幸地，不是都，人们能足够地这样被对待，并且可能要求诊断并且对待他们的机能障碍的特定的原因的更侵略的测试。这评论看测试和为不能被口头的治疗独自对待的人可得到的策略。

An Immunochromatographic Strip Test for Rapid Detection of Antibodies against Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Porcine cimovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection causes huge economic losses, but no serological method is available for batch detection of field samples. The aim of the study was to develop a method for large-batch detection of PCV2 infection. Colloidal gold-labeled staphylococcal protein A (SPA) was sprayed on glass fibers to prepare a conjugate pad. The recombinant ORF2 protein of PCV2 was blotted on the test line of the nitrocellulose (NC) membrane, and pig IgG was streaked on the control line of the NC membrane. Then, the immunochromatographic strip was used for detection of antibodies against PCV2. The results show that the strip test was simple and the results could be determined within 10 min with naked eyes. The test strip was highly specific for pig serum against PCV2 and no cross-reaction with pig serum against other pathogens was observed. The test strip had close similarity with ELISA. Storage at RT for 6 months did not affect the specificity and sensitivity obviously. A total of 324 clinical pig sera were detected by both ELISA and the developed test strip, and the coincidence was 98.77%. Therefore, the developed immunochromatographic strip is specific, sensitive, stable, fast and simple, and it is suitable for on-site detection of antibodies against PCV2.

Response of low active GLP-1 like substances to test meal in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with obese controls with normal glucose tolerance

Background: A secretion of plasma active GLP-1 (p-active GLP-1) after ingestion of breakfast test meal (TM) is decreased in obese European patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there was no significant difference in pactive GLP-1 secretion following TM between obese Japanese patients with T2DM and controls. The findings indicate the difference may be due to different races or dietary’s customs of subjects. Aims: We examined whether pactive GLP-1 is truly affected by TM in obese Japanese patients (n = 24, group 1) and obese controls (n = 12, group 2). Methods: Glucose (PG), insulin (s-IRI), C-peptide (s-CPR) and active GLP-1 like substances (p-active GLP-1-S) levels in blood were measured 0, 30 and 60 min after TM. Obese Japanese patients with mean 9 years of diabetes had micro- and macro-vascular disturbances and were treated with diet, exercise and/or oral drugs for hyperglycemia. Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age or BMI between groups. Means HbA1c and PG were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. There were no significant differences in means of basal s-IRI, HOMA-R and s-CPR between groups. However, means of HOMA-β, insulinogenic index, postprandial s-IRI, s-CPR and p-active GLP-1-S or p-active GLP-1-S/PG values after TM were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Conclusions: These results indicate that a response of p-active GLP-1-S after TM in obese Japanese patients with T2DM was decreased and secretion of GLP-1 relative to PG was impaired. The method of enhancing function of active GLP-1 may be useful for treatment in some of patients with diabetes mellitus.

血清学检测和基因分型在ABO疑难血型鉴定中的性能评价

目的分析血清学检测和基因分型在ABO疑难血型鉴定中的应用。方法对106例ABO疑难血型实施血清学检测(吸收放散试验)等,同时对其实施基因分型检测(荧光定量PCR试验),以基因测序结果为金标准,评估血清学检测和基因分型所得结果与基因测序一致性,比较两种检查方式灵敏度、特异度。结果以基因测序为金标准,血清学检测所得结果一致性为中度,基因分型检测所得结果一致性很好。通过比较血清学检测和基因分型灵敏度、特异度可知,两种检查方式所得特异度、灵敏度差异有统计学意义,基因分型灵敏度、特异度更高(P<0.05)。结论基因分型检测和血清学检测有各自的优缺点,但总体上来说,基因分型检测具有更高的准确性和可靠性,更快速、高效。

On the Distribution of Type II Errors in Hypothesis Testing

When a statistical test of hypothesis for a population mean is performed, we are faced with the possibility of committing a Type II error by not rejecting the null hypothesis when in fact the population mean has changed. We consider this issue and quantify matters in a manner that differs a bit from what is commonly done. In particular, we define the probability distribution function for Type II errors. We then explore some interesting properties that we have not seen mentioned elsewhere for this probability distribution function. Finally, we discuss several Maple procedures that can be used to perform various calculations using the distribution.

T23/P23钢高强匹配焊缝金属接头再热裂纹表征

综述了T23/P23钢高强匹配焊缝金属接头再热裂纹的特征。结果表明,T23/P23耐热钢高强匹配接头再热裂纹倾向明显,焊后状态高强匹配接头具有较高的强度和可以接受的塑性和韧性。接头显微组织中的HAZ粗晶区碳化物析出、晶界的滑移及晶界的脆化是再热裂纹产生的必要条件;影响HAZ组织的主要因素是母材中碳化物形成元素和残留元素的种类及含量。随接头拘束应力增大,再热温度升高时再热裂纹倾向增大。T23/P23钢接头中氢的行为是产生再热裂纹不可忽视的影响因素。生产中常用低应力化和低氢化综合工艺及参数,以及新型专用焊接材料等措施,使接头中的应力水平降低,氢含量最小化,控制再热裂纹形成条件,并获得了较满意的效果。

Inference for constant-stress accelerated life test with Type-I progressively hybrid censored data from Burr-XII distribution

This paper proposes a simple constant-stress accel- erated life test （ALT） model from Burr type XII distribution when the data are Type-I progressively hybrid censored. The maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） of the parameters is obtained through the numerical method for solving the likelihood equations. Approxi- mate confidence interval （CI）, based on normal approximation to the asymptotic distribution of MLE and percentile bootstrap Cl is derived. Finally, a numerical example is introduced and then a Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to illustrate the pro- posed method.

特高压直流输电系统可控自恢复消能装置用慢速机械开关研制

慢速机械开关是特高压直流输电系统可控自恢复消能装置中重要的开关设备,在装置中起到控制和保护用,其必须具备短时间快速合闸、可靠开断避雷器残余直流持续电流的能力。介绍了慢速机械开关的方案设计、核心部件设计和校核以及型式试验,最终研制成功了慢速机械开关。

曲线轨道式隔震装置的结构优化与应用研究

针对浮放物体的防震保护需求,研发出一款基于新型抗侧移组件的曲线轨道式隔震装置。阐述它的构造特点和运行机制,并依据结构原理制作模型,通过试验与理论对比来检验模型的运行质量进而验证方案的可行性。然后结合雨花阁内文物来设计样机,采用多条楼面波进行样机的振动台试验,测试其隔震效果。最后探讨建筑滤波效应对该类隔震装置设计的影响。研究结果表明:曲线轨道式隔震装置经优化后不仅零部件功能清晰,结构简单易加工,而且具备整体性强、运行质量高以及后期可扩展等优势。试验模型的零部件能充分发挥各自功能,尤其是抗侧移组件极大提高了模型的稳定性和可靠性,理论分析与试验结果吻合良好。结合案例所设计的样机虽具有较好的隔震性能,但限于非线性双自由度的结构特点,重复试验的响应结果存在差异,工程应用中应予以重视。当楼面波不易获取且隔震装置周期远离建筑自振周期时,依据楼面加速度放大系数,将调幅后的原始波作为隔震装置设计依据是可行的且结果偏保守。

Ⅳ型LPG气瓶冲击试验的国内外标准探讨

T/CATSI 02005—2019《液化石油气高密度聚乙烯内胆玻璃纤维全缠绕气瓶》的编制是在理论分析和研究的基础上,修改采用了EN14427:2014《液化石油气设备及配件用于液化石油气的可运输的可充填全封闭复合气瓶设计和施工》有关热塑性非金属内胆全缠绕气瓶部分制定的。通过对冲击试验结果进行分析来探讨T/CATSI 02005—2019和EN14427:2014两个标准的差异性。建议在不影响试验结果的前提下优化试验方法,验证气瓶受外来物体冲击后的抗冲击性能,同时保障试验过程中的生命、财产安全。

110 kV干式空心并联电抗器振动台试验与易损性研究

电抗器是变电站的重要设备之一,上部线圈由底部陶瓷绝缘子支撑,整体尺寸大、重心高。由于结构形式的特殊性,其在地震作用下的动力响应较为复杂。本文对110 kV干式空心并联电抗器进行了振动台试验研究,通过白噪声测定了电抗器的自振频率和阻尼比;在0.15g和0.5g人工地震动输入下,测量了电抗器关键部位的应变、加速度和位移响应,分析了电抗器在地震作用下的动力响应规律,探讨了电抗器的可能破坏模式,进一步计算了电抗器的地震易损性曲线。研究结果表明:电抗器的动力特性近似于单自由度体系,一阶自振频率为3.3 Hz,阻尼比为3.9%;电抗器在地震作用下的变形主要发生在绝缘子以及绝缘子-线圈连接部位,上部线圈可认为是刚体;与绝缘子相比,绝缘子-线圈连接部位的刚度较小,变形更集中,是电抗器的薄弱部位;0.15g人工地震动试验后,电抗器自振频率下降3.6%,0.5g人工地震动试验后,电抗器自振频率下降6.3%;根据绝缘子实测应变,考虑地震作用与其他荷载产生的总应力,电抗器的安全系数为2.14,仍然具有一定的安全储备;基于试验结果计算电抗器的地震易损性,抗震能力中值为0.965g,对数标准差为0.4。

新型IGCT直流输电换流阀运行试验研究及其等效性评估

换相失败问题(commutation failure,CF)是电网换相换流高压直流输电技术(line commutated converter high voltage directcurrent,LCC-HVDC)面临的固有难题。为了解决该问题,已有文献主要从拓扑结构、控制策略等方面着手,鲜见抵御换相失败的新型换流阀研制及试验研究。该文开展基于大功率逆阻型集成门极换流晶闸管(reverse blocking integrated gate commutated thyristor,RB-IGCT)的新型换流阀试验研究及试验等效性分析。首先,阐释新型换流阀抵御换相失败的原理,并针对新型换流阀不同的工作模式,提出对新型电力电子器件的需求。然后,利用现有的型式试验合成回路平台开展适用于传统晶闸管换流阀的运行试验,并分析试验结果,得出大部分试验项目等效性较好而小熄弧角试验和关断试验等效性较差的结论。最后,针对这两项特殊试验提出新的试验方法和试验电路,可为新型换流阀的研发和应用提供一定的技术基础。

胀锁型锚索双向加固窄煤柱试验研究与工程应用

针对沿空掘巷窄煤柱非对称变形问题,提出了对穿锚索双向加固窄煤柱技术,设计了伸长型和胀锁型两种对穿锚索结构及工艺,开展了对穿锚索拉拔试验,试验表明两种锚索结构均满足抗拉要求,从锚索破坏形态、施工便捷性和材料经济性等方面对比分析,确定胀锁型对穿锚索为窄煤柱双向加固的首选。进一步通过相似模型试验与数值模拟研究了不同加固方式下煤柱承载变形规律和对穿锚索受力特征。结果表明:双排紧密型对穿锚索加固试件较未加固试件峰值荷载提高了96.04%,且随着锚索排数及数量的增加,窄煤柱双向加固稳定性越来越高,胀锁型对穿锚索提高了煤柱破坏前的能量储存量和临界破坏点。最后,在济宁三号煤矿123_(下)04工作面运输巷开展胀锁式对穿锚索加固窄煤柱工程试验,监测显示对穿锚索锚固力超过220 kN,锚索加固区煤柱帮鼓量降低70%,窄煤柱整体稳定性好,窄煤柱双向加固技术可行,为沿空掘巷工程提供了新技术途径。

装配式混凝土墙板新型键槽接缝受剪性能研究

为研究适用于低多层装配式混凝土(PC)墙板的新型键槽接缝界面的受剪性能,设计并制作2组共8个键槽式接缝连接的PC墙板试件,开展单向推剪加载试验和扩展参数数值分析,分别探讨轴压比、结合面砂浆强度及键槽构造形式等因素对键槽界面受剪性能的影响;提出新型键槽接缝界面的受剪承载力计算公式,并构建键槽接缝界面的剪力-滑移模型。研究结果表明:轴压比对接缝破坏形态和受剪承载力均具有显著影响,增大轴压比后,裂缝发展更为充分,局部混凝土出现剥落甚至压溃,接缝的受剪承载力与轴压比近似呈线性关系。提高结合面砂浆强度可较大幅度地提升接缝的受剪承载力,对比普通填充砂浆,采用高强砂浆连接试件的受剪承载力提高了57.2%。合理的键槽界面构造可有效提高接缝的受剪承载力,相较于传统的平直缝界面,深度为50 mm、倾斜倒角为11.3°的键槽界面的受剪承载力提升了16.5%。本文所提公式受剪承载力计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,所提模型能准确预测键槽界面的受剪行为。