Commentary on "Association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity with body fat among U.S.adults"

In their study,association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with body fat among U.S.Adults,Liao et al.^(1) analyzed data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Examination Survey to examine associations between h/day sitting,meeting (or not meeting) the U.S.Physical Activity Guidelines of≥150 min/week of moderate-and vigorous-intensity LTPA,and combinations of sitting time and LTPA on totaland trunk percent body fat (BF%).

The Reception Commemorating the 45th Anniversary of China-U.S.Diplomatic Ties Held in Beijing

On January 5,the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs jointly hosted a reception commemorating the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relationship between China and the United States in Beijing.Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Foreign Minister Wang Yi attended the commemoration and delivered aspeech.David Meale,ChargédAffaires at the U.S.Embassy in China,addressed the reception.He extended on behalf of the U.S.side congratulations on the anniversary,expressing the readiness of the U.S.to implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state and promote the steady development of U.S.-China relations.More than 350 people from all walks of life of both countries attended the reception.

FREE SPEECH OR SINOPHOBIA? THE U.S. SENATE MUST DECIDE

The 100 men and women who make up the U.S.Senate will soon have an important choice.They will either affirm that the First Amendment matters or they will surrender to fear.The senators must decide whether to go along with their colleagues in the House of Representatives and require the popular social media app TikTok to be sold to an American company.If they do endorse the House vote,then ByteDance must divest itself of TikTok or see the app will be banned on U.S.-based social media platforms.

Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Coping:U.S.Students in Taiwan Residents Higher Education

The aim of this study was to investigate the adjustment problems of students from the United States enrolled in universities in the East,specifically in Taiwan,their problems related to cultural adaptation,and the process of adjustment to student life in Taiwan.Under investigation were cultural adjustment and coping skills as these students transitioned from West to East.Qualitative data were collected from interviews with participants and faculty members as well as participant observations.Results indicated that U.S.students found their own ways to acclimate to their new academic setting as well as to social relations,cross-cultural issues,and the linguistic environment in Taiwan to achieve effective adaptation.They made changes in themselves to cope with all situations they encountered.This study provides suggestions for international students abroad in Taiwan,for the Taiwan Residents government,and for universities or colleges in terms of what they should offer to current and future international students.

Digital Disparities:How Artificial Intelligence Can Facilitate Anti-Black Racism in the U.S.Healthcare Sector

This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the United States medical industry.Despite the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial inequalities.Focusing specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as Black.Furthermore,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial biases.By dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black patients.Furthermore,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these technologies.Finally,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the text.Therefore,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their race.It involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black people.Furthermore,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested in various ways,such as unequal access to opportunities,resources,education,employment,and fair treatment within social,economic,and political systems.It is also pertinent to acknowledge that Anti-Black racism is deeply rooted in historical and societal structures throughout the U.S.borders and beyond,leading to systemic disadvantages and disparities that impact the well-being and life chances of Black individuals and communities.Addressing Anti-Black racism involves recognizing and challenging both individual attitudes and systemic structures that contribute to discrimination and inequality.Efforts to combat Anti-Black racism include promoting awareness,education,advocacy for policy changes,and fostering a culture of inclusivity and equality.

The Hidden Helping Hand： The U.S. Government＇s Assistance to Chinese Returnees, 1949-1955

Despite serious difficulties caused by the civil war in China and the military confrontation in Korea, over 1,200 Chinese students and scholars returned from the United States （U.S.） to their homeland in the 1950s. While the effort made by the returnees and the Communist regime has been studied, the role played by the U.S. government remains unclear. Relying mostly on archived government documents and published individual recollections, this paper shows that Washington provided most of its assistance to the Chinese students through the emergency aid program, which not only covered all the educational costs for about three quarters of them, but also paid travel expenses for about two thirds of the returnees. In addition, Washington assisted many students in obtaining visas from the British government for their transfer in Hong Kong and offered them room, board, and other services while they were waiting for their transportation in San Francisco. The examination of the helping hand extended by Washington to these returning Chinese students can enhance our understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of Sino-American relations during the Cold War.

Decoupling U.S.Economy from China Doomed to Fail

The global supply chain is based on the global distribution of materials,technology,capital,labor,and markets and thus cannot be altered by political motives.KEEPING a sound and stable global supply chain will benefit not only China and America,but also the world at large.Janet Yellen,U.S.secretary of treasury,has realized the devastating consequences of decoupling U.S.economy from Chinese economy when she spoke at John Hopkins Institute on April 20,2023.Yellen said,“The United States will assert ourselves when our vital interests are at stake.But we do not seek to decouple our economy from China’s.A full separation of our economies would be disastrous for both countries.It would be destabilizing for the rest of the world.”

Opportunities and Challenges for China-U.S.LNG Trade

Since the 1960s,the global natural gas industry has developed rapidly,and natural gas has become a fossil fuel that can balance supply stability,economic efficiency of consumption,clean and low-carbon features at the current stage.However,there is a regional imbalance in the global demand for natural gas,and the continuous rise in geopolitical risks negatively affects the stability of the natural gas market.In recent years,LNG export capacity in the U.S.has continued to grow,and the potential for China-U.S.LNG trade in the future is enormous.From the perspective of development opportunities,strengthening LNG trade cooperation with the U.S.is conducive to the diversification of natural gas import sources for China.From the perspective of challenges,China-U.S.LNG trade cooperation also involves potential risks in terms of economy and channels.

Will China-U.S.Relations Stabilize After the San Francisco Summit?--Mutually beneficial cooperation or antagonism and confrontation?That is the question

At 1:35 p.m.local time on November 15,a four-hour summit between Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S.President Joe Biden concluded at Filoli Estate in San Francisco.At a press briefing after the meeting,Wang Yi,member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs,said that“the two presidents had a very good,comprehensive,and in-depth meeting.”

Quiet Lingering of The U.S.Debt Crisis

On June 3,U.S.President Joe Biden signed a debt ceiling bill,the“Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023,”two days before the nation’s debt default deadline,temporarily averting a calamitous default on its debt.With the bill,the nation’s debt limit is officially suspended through January 1,2025.

Counteraction to China?Impact of the U.S.International Development Finance Corporation on China’s Development Finance

The United States passed the Better Utilization of Investment Leading to Development(BUILD Act),as a counterweight to China’s overseas development activities.Under the Act,the US established a new federal agency,the U.S.International Development Finance Corporation(DFC),to enhance U.S.development financing capabilities.To better understand the impact of the DFC on China’s development finance,this article analyzes the DFC’s purpose,functions,structure,and funding.Then it focuses on the purpose of establishing the DFC,providing a preliminary analysis of the potential motivation for its establishment.It also compares the China Development Bank(CDB)and the DFC based on their focused sectors.Finally,through an in-depth analysis of financial frictions in China-U.S.relations,this article argues that the DFC competes with China’s overseas development financing activities in the context of broader strategic competition between China and the U.S.

“下交群评”:迈向人民主体性的基层治理——以北京市平谷区接诉即办改革为例

以人民为中心的发展思想日益成为主导基层治理的逻辑,在北京市接诉即办工作不断深化改革的基础上,以北京市平谷区“下交群评”工作为例,探索党建引领多元主体参与社会治理的机制,并重点关注如何引导群众成为基层治理的主体。研究发现,“下交群评”通过治理主体的组织嵌入化、治理单元的熟人社会化、治理规则的崇公抑私化、治理机制的交互整体化形塑了新时代“三治融合”的实践机制,为系统治理和源头治理提供了重要保障;从接诉即办的倒逼式治理到主动性治理,再到自主性治理,人民群众真正成为治理问题的发起者、治理过程的参与者、治理成效的获得者、治理情况的监督者。这是全过程人民民主的生动实践,体现了基层正在从被动的市民诉求驱动迈向人民主体性的治理。

基层人民法院诉源治理的理念革新与路径优化

经过几年的实践,基层人民法院诉源治理取得了积极进展和重要成果,但也呈现人民法院的职能与界限缺乏清晰性、角色和职能存在模糊性、人民法院事实上成为诉源治理的主导者、诉前治理异化等诸多困境,因此有必要革新基层人民法院诉源治理的基本理念。应该看到:诉源治理进程不是“一条线”,而是“一个圆”;诉源治理的根本目标不是解决法院“案多人少”问题,而是纠纷的终极化解;诉源治理旨在进一步加强纠纷解决的多元性。据此,基层人民法院诉源治理应重点通过审判实质化解纠纷,着力完善纠纷“诉前调解”机制,积极融入构建诉源综合治理大格局,充分发挥人民法庭化解乡土纠纷的前沿阵地作用,提速智慧法院建设。

数字金融对城市碳排放的非线性影响研究

数字金融在经济社会全面绿色转型中发挥政策集成和导向作用,是降碳减排的重要工具。本文基于金融领域的数字化变革现实,以2011—2021年中国284个地级市面板数据为基础,运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型和调节效应模型探究数字金融对碳排放的非线性影响及潜在机制。研究发现:数字金融对碳排放存在先增后减的倒“U”型影响,这一趋势通过一系列稳健性检验得以证实。异质性分析表明,这种倒“U”型影响主要发生在外围城市和资源型城市,在非资源型城市表现为负向线性关系。中介效应分析凸显了技术创新和创业活动作为数字金融影响碳排放的关键途径。调节效应分析强调了地方政府经济增长目标将削弱数字金融对碳排放的倒“U”型影响,环境治理目标则强化两者的倒“U”型关系。地方政府应从数字金融的发展方向、作用方向和配置方向着手,释放碳减排红利。

政府干预视角下长三角城市群科技创新资源配置效率及影响因素分析

科技创新资源优化配置是贯彻落实创新驱动发展战略的必然要求。长三角城市群作为我国经济社会运行和科技事业发展的先行区,明确其科技创新资源配置效率差异及影响因素,对于打造创新型国家具有重要的推动作用。以政府干预为研究视角,运用超效率DEA模型和DEA-Malmquist模型对2011—2020年长三角城市群26个城市科技创新资源配置效率进行测算,并采用Tobit模型以政府干预为核心解释变量实证分析其影响因素。结果发现:长三角城市群科技创新资源配置效率整体呈现递增趋势,上海、宁波、苏州、杭州、南京的效率值排在前5位,但是城市群内部科技创新资源配置效率差异悬殊,区域空间格局极不平衡,其中政府干预、产业结构调整和城市化水平均对提高科技创新资源配置具有显著正向影响。因此,建议长三角各地政府围绕从科技创新资源投入至产出的各个环节制定相关法律法规,进一步规范科技创新资源配置方式,并加强城市之间的交流与合作。

滇东南薄竹山花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

滇东南薄竹山地区W-Sn-Pb-Zn多金属矿床与该区大型复式花岗岩体有密切的成因联系。为了探讨该花岗岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及形成背景,对薄竹山花岗岩开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素测试。结果表明,该花岗岩可划分为两期,其中晚期花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(87.08±0.55)~(87.29±0.69)Ma。两期花岗岩均具高的SiO_(2)(63.37%~72.07%)、K_(2)O(4.96%~6.19%),贫Fe、Mg的特征,A/CNK值为1.03~2.42,轻重稀土元素分异明显(LREE/HREE=14.0~26.5),Eu明显负异常(δEu=0.38~0.62),富含大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U及稀土元素La、Ce、Nd,亏损Ba、Ta、Nb、Sr、Y和Yb,ε_(Hf)(t)值为−9.31~−5.14,具有高钾钙碱性过铝质S型花岗岩的地球化学和同位素特征;Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(t_(DM2))为1476~1737 Ma,说明岩浆可能来源于早中元古代下地壳部分熔融。综合研究认为,薄竹山花岗岩是白垩纪伸展背景下软流圈地幔上涌导致的早中元古代下地壳物质部分熔融所形成。

企业科研人员对科技伦理治理的态度及影响因素:基于问卷调查的分析

企业是科技伦理治理的重要主体,而企业科研人员对科技伦理治理的态度会影响企业伦理治理能力和成效。基于对一项全国企业科研人员调查数据的分析发现,企业科研人员日常工作中碰到科技伦理议题的情况比较普遍。但总体而言,与其他科研人员相比,企业科研人员对于加强科技伦理治理持更“消极”的态度;科技伦理失范行为风险感知、机构伦理(审查)委员会设置情况,以及科技伦理“大环境”等因素都会影响企业科研人员对科技伦理治理的态度。并对研究发现的理论和政策含义及研究的局限性进行了简要讨论。

教育硕士产教融合“U-G-S&E”育人模式探析

产教融合是教育与产业的深度合作,我国产教融合的政策经历了从职业教育到普通教育的发展。产教融合符合教育硕士人才培养的逻辑,“U-G-S&E”育人模式以高校为主导,政府提供政策引导和资金支持,中小学和企业协同参与教育硕士的培养。通过实践探索发现,“U-G-S&E”模式可以更好地激发学生提升职业能力的动力,助力学生职业生涯规划和就业,提升以赛赋能的效果,帮助高校校内导师、中小学和企业的校外导师加深对教育链、人才链与产业链、创新链有机衔接的理解,助力孵化本地企业参与遴选国家产教融合型企业,推动本地企业更好的融入国家现代教育体系建设。

一定会非此即彼吗? 社会责任对实体企业金融化的非线性影响

在中国实体企业金融化的过程中,企业社会责任究竟扮演着何种角色?对于该问题,现有研究给出了“金融工具”和“治理工具”两种截然相反的回答。在中国社会经济处于快速转型期且企业履责水平存在明显差异的情况下,理论推演显示社会责任的影响更可能是倒“U”型而不是非此即彼式的,基于2010—2021年沪深A股上市公司数据进行的检验证实了该推论。研究发现:大多数企业的社会责任表现仍处于“金融工具”区间而非“治理工具”区间;非国有企业、中小企业和机构持股比例偏低的企业,其社会责任未能发挥“治理工具”的作用。动机检验和证伪检验显示,将不同水平社会责任判断为“金融工具”和“治理工具”具有合理性。

“五四宪法”中人民代表大会制度及其实施的国家治理逻辑

人民代表大会制度在“五四宪法”中有着特定规范内涵,具体包括制度来源论、制度属性论、制度地位论和制度功能论。70年来的制度实践,尽管在文本规范上和具体实施中有所变动,但人民主权原则、最高国家权力机关的本质内涵从未变迁。新时代以来,人民代表大会制度日益凸显其在国家治理体系中的重要理论方位,具体体现于制度方位、民主方位、法治方位和治理方位。在确定和厘清上述理论方位的基础上,人民代表大会制度必将为践行全过程人民民主、促进高质量发展、推动现代化强国建设以及助力中华民族伟大复兴提供更好的发展方略。