Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and h...Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and hyponeophagia.Diazepam(1 mg/kg body wt.) served as the standard anxiolvtic agent for all the tests.The dried extract of the plant leaf in doses of 100.200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice for duration of 1? or 30 days and locomotor and anxiolytic activities were performed.Polyphenols was estimated using HPLC. Results:The HPLC analysis of the polyphenols revealed the presence chlorogenic acid,vanillin, epicatechin,caffeic acid,rutin hydrate,sinapic acid,quercetin-3-rhamnoside.p-coumeric acid and quercitin.Time spent and number of entries into the open arm was improved in 30 days treated animals than that of 15 days treated groups,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight treated group showed significant results when comparing with the control group.Conclusions:Te hydro alcohol extract rich in Polyphenols and other secondary metabolites is a potent anxiolytic agent.展开更多
Limited information is available on the influence of preharvest N application rates on postharvest quality of different lettuce genotypes. Two green leafy lettuce (Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3) and red leafy lettuce ...Limited information is available on the influence of preharvest N application rates on postharvest quality of different lettuce genotypes. Two green leafy lettuce (Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3) and red leafy lettuce (Multired 4) were grown in gravel film technique and fertigated with five different N application rates: 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mg L^-1. The 120 mg L^-1 N application is commercially recommended for lettuce. After harvest, lettuce samples were packed in a bioriented poly propylene packaging (5% O2 and 5% CO2) and held at 5°C and 85% RH for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The genotypes, preharvest N application rates and storage time affected the leaf colour coordinates, phenolic acids (dicaffeoyltataric acid, caffeoyl tartaric acid, 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) and browning enzyme activities (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD)). Lower rates of N application at preharvest stage showed higher weight loss with the storage time increasing in Multigreen 3. In Multigreen 1, colour coordinate b* value decreased remarkably with N application rates from 60 to 120 mg L^–1 due to the onset of browning during storage. While in Multigreen 3 and N application higher than 60 mg L^–1 influenced the decrease in b* value. Browning occurred due to the increased activity of PAL enzyme and the availability of the substrates caftaric, chlorogenic, caffeic acids, PPO activity and production of browning pigments due to the activity of POD. Higher, N application rates (>120 mg L^–1) influenced the browning mechanism and showed brownish red leaves in Multired 4 during storage. Higher ascorbic acid concentration played a role in reducing the onset of browning in the fresh cuts leaves of Mulitired 4 and Multigreen 3 fertilized with lower preharvest lower N application rates (<120 mg L^–1). Preharvest N application at 90 mg L^–1 retained the colour, ascorbic acid content and the phenolic acid components and extended the shelf life of Multired 4 lettuce up to 6 days.展开更多
The overuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance among pathogenic bacteria. A new antibiotic that is effective against new and resistant bacterial strains is needed. Plants and marine organisms may offer such novel t...The overuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance among pathogenic bacteria. A new antibiotic that is effective against new and resistant bacterial strains is needed. Plants and marine organisms may offer such novel treatments. In this study, extracts of the seaweed U. lactuca, and the plant seeds N. sativa were tested against strains of Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The results of the bacterial inhibitor showed high activity in both extracts with inhibition of S. aureus growth up to 30 mm and 20 mm and P. aeruginosa growth inhibition was up to 12 mm and 15 mm, after the treated with 100 μl U. lactuca and N. sativa extracts, respectively. The MICs and MBCs were reflected with the growth inhibitor with values of 2 μl, 8 μl and 4 μl, 8 μl for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa after treated with N. sativa respectively. Kill-time increases as concentrations of U. lactuca and N. sativa extracts increase. Moreover, extracts stored in the transparent bottle decreased in effectiveness after one month of storage with percentage of 58.85%. After three months, heating the extracts of U. lactuca and N. sativa to 90°C increased their antibacterial activity.展开更多
文摘Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and hyponeophagia.Diazepam(1 mg/kg body wt.) served as the standard anxiolvtic agent for all the tests.The dried extract of the plant leaf in doses of 100.200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice for duration of 1? or 30 days and locomotor and anxiolytic activities were performed.Polyphenols was estimated using HPLC. Results:The HPLC analysis of the polyphenols revealed the presence chlorogenic acid,vanillin, epicatechin,caffeic acid,rutin hydrate,sinapic acid,quercetin-3-rhamnoside.p-coumeric acid and quercitin.Time spent and number of entries into the open arm was improved in 30 days treated animals than that of 15 days treated groups,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight treated group showed significant results when comparing with the control group.Conclusions:Te hydro alcohol extract rich in Polyphenols and other secondary metabolites is a potent anxiolytic agent.
文摘Limited information is available on the influence of preharvest N application rates on postharvest quality of different lettuce genotypes. Two green leafy lettuce (Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3) and red leafy lettuce (Multired 4) were grown in gravel film technique and fertigated with five different N application rates: 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mg L^-1. The 120 mg L^-1 N application is commercially recommended for lettuce. After harvest, lettuce samples were packed in a bioriented poly propylene packaging (5% O2 and 5% CO2) and held at 5°C and 85% RH for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The genotypes, preharvest N application rates and storage time affected the leaf colour coordinates, phenolic acids (dicaffeoyltataric acid, caffeoyl tartaric acid, 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) and browning enzyme activities (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD)). Lower rates of N application at preharvest stage showed higher weight loss with the storage time increasing in Multigreen 3. In Multigreen 1, colour coordinate b* value decreased remarkably with N application rates from 60 to 120 mg L^–1 due to the onset of browning during storage. While in Multigreen 3 and N application higher than 60 mg L^–1 influenced the decrease in b* value. Browning occurred due to the increased activity of PAL enzyme and the availability of the substrates caftaric, chlorogenic, caffeic acids, PPO activity and production of browning pigments due to the activity of POD. Higher, N application rates (>120 mg L^–1) influenced the browning mechanism and showed brownish red leaves in Multired 4 during storage. Higher ascorbic acid concentration played a role in reducing the onset of browning in the fresh cuts leaves of Mulitired 4 and Multigreen 3 fertilized with lower preharvest lower N application rates (<120 mg L^–1). Preharvest N application at 90 mg L^–1 retained the colour, ascorbic acid content and the phenolic acid components and extended the shelf life of Multired 4 lettuce up to 6 days.
文摘The overuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance among pathogenic bacteria. A new antibiotic that is effective against new and resistant bacterial strains is needed. Plants and marine organisms may offer such novel treatments. In this study, extracts of the seaweed U. lactuca, and the plant seeds N. sativa were tested against strains of Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The results of the bacterial inhibitor showed high activity in both extracts with inhibition of S. aureus growth up to 30 mm and 20 mm and P. aeruginosa growth inhibition was up to 12 mm and 15 mm, after the treated with 100 μl U. lactuca and N. sativa extracts, respectively. The MICs and MBCs were reflected with the growth inhibitor with values of 2 μl, 8 μl and 4 μl, 8 μl for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa after treated with N. sativa respectively. Kill-time increases as concentrations of U. lactuca and N. sativa extracts increase. Moreover, extracts stored in the transparent bottle decreased in effectiveness after one month of storage with percentage of 58.85%. After three months, heating the extracts of U. lactuca and N. sativa to 90°C increased their antibacterial activity.
