无人机四绳吊挂运输系统动力学与控制

针对四旋翼吊挂运输系统,本文引入了四绳吊挂运输方式,开展了四旋翼四绳吊挂运输系统的动力学建模、轨迹规划与控制研究。根据四旋翼和负载的相对位姿推导了绳索张力,建立了四旋翼四绳吊挂运输系统的动力学模型。为平衡运输时间与负载摆动抑制,引入时间和负载摆幅作为复合性能指标,利用伪谱法将原本的最优控制问题转换为非线性规划问题,求解了四旋翼四绳吊挂运输系统的最优位置轨迹,设计了轨迹跟踪算法,并通过数值仿真和实验验证了这一轨迹的合理性。

Low-cost Position and Force Measurement System for Payload Transport Using UAVs

In recent years, multiple applications have emerged in the area of payload transport using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs). This has attracted considerable interest among the scientific community, especially the cases involving one or several rotarywing UAVs. In this context, this work proposes a novel measurement system which can estimate the payload position and the force exerted by it on the UAV. This measurement system is low cost, easy to implement, and can be used either in indoor or outdoor environments(no sensorized laboratory is needed). The measurement system is validated statically and dynamically. In the first test, the estimations obtained by the system are compared with measurements produced by high-precision devices. In the second test, the system is used in real experiments to compare its performance with the ones obtained using known procedures. These experiments allowed to draw interesting conclusions on which future research can be based.

多无人机绳索悬挂协同搬运固定时间控制

针对多无人机绳索悬挂协同搬运跟踪控制问题,设计了一种新的固定时间协同跟踪控制算法。首先,通过旋量分析,计算系统不同状态下的有效旋量空间,并根据静力学平衡计算系统在有效旋量空间约束下的拉力容许裕度。其次,在保证绳索张紧以及最大拉力约束的条件下,基于微分平坦性以及绳索拉力优化分配算法,规划编队的期望跟踪轨迹。然后,基于Udwadia-Kalaba方程建立系统动力学模型,设计了连续的基于类超扭滑模和积分滑模的鲁棒控制项,以补偿系绳拉力给无人机造成的扰动,并设计了基于双极限齐次性原理的固定时间无人机协同外环位置控制器。针对无人机内环姿态稳定控制,设计了固定时间姿态稳定控制器。仿真结果表明,绳索拉力满足张紧和最大拉力约束,且设计的固定时间协同跟踪控制算法保证了系统在固定时间内稳定跟踪期望轨迹。