Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atm...Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atmosphere. The air quality in urban areas is of a great concern for residents living in cities and represents a current issue that requires an adequate management. So that air quality policy is driven by health concerns. In this paper, we present an overview on the experience of Agadir city to establish the air quality management policy, local authority on the whole have developed a good understanding of air quality in the area. Indeed for several years, efforts have been made to monitor the air quality in this city, this translated by air quality assessment since 2006 using mobile laboratory and fixed station. Our goals in this study were to review the operation of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) making better use of available resources to improve its outcomes and make recommendations with a view to improving air quality issues. This work highlights the requirement to revise periodically the LAQM for generating priority for air quality issues within local authority and the need to implement the optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN).展开更多
The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality man...The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality management center, the CGQA</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Centre de Gestion de la Qualité de l’Air). Air quality monitoring at CGQA deals with mainly six pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">x</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) (with nitrogen dioxide (NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and nitrogen monoxide </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(NO)), sulfur dioxide (SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), ground-level ozone (O</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), Benzene-Toluene-Xylenes</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (BTX), and particulate matters (PM) with diameters less than 10 μm (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and 2.5 μm (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). The concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (CO, O</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in the city generally remain below the limit value set by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, particulate matters (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) are the most important pollutants observed in Dakar, they far exceed the annual thresholds set by the WHO and the national standard (NS 05-062). This situation results in an Air Quality Index (AQI) around bad and very bad during the dry season (November to May) and good to moderate during the rainy season (June to October). The concentrations of PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> vary respectively from 120 to 180 μg</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and from 25 to 48 μg</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The average concentrations of pollutants therefore vary from one area to another and depending on the location of the air quality monitoring station (near industrial sites, traffic, etc.).展开更多
以《大气污染物综合排放标准))(GB 16297-1996)中有机物的实时在线测量为目的,对自行研制的质子转移反应质谱(proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry,PTR-MS)装置的参数进行了优化和测量。利用高纯N_2稀释的单一有机物PTR-MS测量...以《大气污染物综合排放标准))(GB 16297-1996)中有机物的实时在线测量为目的,对自行研制的质子转移反应质谱(proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry,PTR-MS)装置的参数进行了优化和测量。利用高纯N_2稀释的单一有机物PTR-MS测量结果表明,在E/N=144 Td条件下,质子化的有机物离子为主要的产物离子峰,没有明显的碎片离子存在。测试了进样系统中催化转化装置的性能,给出了11种挥发性有机物的探测灵敏度和检测下限,讨论了PTR-MS的测量精度。测试结果表明,自行研制的PTR-MS能够实时在线监测《大气污染物综合排放标准》中规定的有机污染物。展开更多
文摘Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atmosphere. The air quality in urban areas is of a great concern for residents living in cities and represents a current issue that requires an adequate management. So that air quality policy is driven by health concerns. In this paper, we present an overview on the experience of Agadir city to establish the air quality management policy, local authority on the whole have developed a good understanding of air quality in the area. Indeed for several years, efforts have been made to monitor the air quality in this city, this translated by air quality assessment since 2006 using mobile laboratory and fixed station. Our goals in this study were to review the operation of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) making better use of available resources to improve its outcomes and make recommendations with a view to improving air quality issues. This work highlights the requirement to revise periodically the LAQM for generating priority for air quality issues within local authority and the need to implement the optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN).
文摘The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality management center, the CGQA</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Centre de Gestion de la Qualité de l’Air). Air quality monitoring at CGQA deals with mainly six pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">x</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) (with nitrogen dioxide (NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and nitrogen monoxide </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(NO)), sulfur dioxide (SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), ground-level ozone (O</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), Benzene-Toluene-Xylenes</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (BTX), and particulate matters (PM) with diameters less than 10 μm (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and 2.5 μm (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). The concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (CO, O</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, NO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in the city generally remain below the limit value set by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, particulate matters (PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) are the most important pollutants observed in Dakar, they far exceed the annual thresholds set by the WHO and the national standard (NS 05-062). This situation results in an Air Quality Index (AQI) around bad and very bad during the dry season (November to May) and good to moderate during the rainy season (June to October). The concentrations of PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and PM</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> vary respectively from 120 to 180 μg</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and from 25 to 48 μg</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">·</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></sup><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The average concentrations of pollutants therefore vary from one area to another and depending on the location of the air quality monitoring station (near industrial sites, traffic, etc.).
文摘以《大气污染物综合排放标准))(GB 16297-1996)中有机物的实时在线测量为目的,对自行研制的质子转移反应质谱(proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry,PTR-MS)装置的参数进行了优化和测量。利用高纯N_2稀释的单一有机物PTR-MS测量结果表明,在E/N=144 Td条件下,质子化的有机物离子为主要的产物离子峰,没有明显的碎片离子存在。测试了进样系统中催化转化装置的性能,给出了11种挥发性有机物的探测灵敏度和检测下限,讨论了PTR-MS的测量精度。测试结果表明,自行研制的PTR-MS能够实时在线监测《大气污染物综合排放标准》中规定的有机污染物。