The Walker circulation(WC)has always been an important issue in atmospheric science research due to the association between the WC and tropical Pacific sea surface temperature(SST),and between the WC and ENSO events.I...The Walker circulation(WC)has always been an important issue in atmospheric science research due to the association between the WC and tropical Pacific sea surface temperature(SST),and between the WC and ENSO events.In this paper,a new index-Omega index(OMGI)-is constructed for WC characterization based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data of monthly mean vertical velocity in recent 70 years(1948-2017).Results show that the OMGI can accurately depict the variation characteristics of WC on seasonal,annual and decadal time-scales.There is a significant inverse correlation between the OMGI and equatorial eastern and central Pacific SST.Meanwhile,the peak of the OMGI appears ahead of the ENSO peak,and therefore is able to reflect the SST in the equatorial Pacific.Especially,in 35 ENSO events,the peak of the OMGI appears earlier than Ni?o 3.4 index for 19 times with 2.6 months ahead on average.In 16 El Ni?o events,the peak of the OMGI occurs ahead of the El Ni?o for 9 times with 4 months ahead on average.In19 La Ni?a events,the OMGI peak arises 10 times earlier than the La Ni?a peak,with an average of 1.4 months ahead.OMGI shows obvious leading effect and stability over ENSO events with different strengths and types of single peak and multi peaks:the peak of the OMGI keeps about 2-3 months ahead of the ENSO.Compared with other WC indexes such as UWI and SPLI,OMGI has some advantages in the ability to describe WC changes and present the probability and the time of prediction of ENSO event peaks.展开更多
为了有效去除阴影噪声对遥感影像水体提取的干扰,快速准确计算大区域范围内的水面率,本文提出基于GF6(高分六号卫星)影像,利用UWI(Urban Water Index,城市水体指数)并结合FROM-GLC10(Finer Resolution Observa-tion and Monitoring of G...为了有效去除阴影噪声对遥感影像水体提取的干扰,快速准确计算大区域范围内的水面率,本文提出基于GF6(高分六号卫星)影像,利用UWI(Urban Water Index,城市水体指数)并结合FROM-GLC10(Finer Resolution Observa-tion and Monitoring of Global Land Cover 10,全球陆地覆盖精细化观测与监测10)数据,通过求交计算和小碎斑删除实现水体提取结果的精细化,有效消除了阴影等噪声对水体提取的干扰,实现水面率的快速计算。本文选择中山市作为试验区,试验区域范围广、地物背景复杂,综合对比本文算法、NDWI(Normalized Water Index,归一化水体指数)算法和TSUWI(Two-Sted Urban Water Index,城市二类水体指数)算法,从定性与定量角度分析,结果表明:本文算法提取的水体连续完整、漏提和误提较少,可有效去除阴影、建筑、道路等噪声干扰,在总体精度、Kappa系数、错分误差、漏分误差等指标均取得了较好结果。利用UWI与FROM-GLC10数据相结合计算水面率具有可行性,为工程化、大面积、快速计算水面率提供了一种新的思路。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41605043)National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0601504)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2017B00114)。
文摘The Walker circulation(WC)has always been an important issue in atmospheric science research due to the association between the WC and tropical Pacific sea surface temperature(SST),and between the WC and ENSO events.In this paper,a new index-Omega index(OMGI)-is constructed for WC characterization based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data of monthly mean vertical velocity in recent 70 years(1948-2017).Results show that the OMGI can accurately depict the variation characteristics of WC on seasonal,annual and decadal time-scales.There is a significant inverse correlation between the OMGI and equatorial eastern and central Pacific SST.Meanwhile,the peak of the OMGI appears ahead of the ENSO peak,and therefore is able to reflect the SST in the equatorial Pacific.Especially,in 35 ENSO events,the peak of the OMGI appears earlier than Ni?o 3.4 index for 19 times with 2.6 months ahead on average.In 16 El Ni?o events,the peak of the OMGI occurs ahead of the El Ni?o for 9 times with 4 months ahead on average.In19 La Ni?a events,the OMGI peak arises 10 times earlier than the La Ni?a peak,with an average of 1.4 months ahead.OMGI shows obvious leading effect and stability over ENSO events with different strengths and types of single peak and multi peaks:the peak of the OMGI keeps about 2-3 months ahead of the ENSO.Compared with other WC indexes such as UWI and SPLI,OMGI has some advantages in the ability to describe WC changes and present the probability and the time of prediction of ENSO event peaks.
文摘为了有效去除阴影噪声对遥感影像水体提取的干扰,快速准确计算大区域范围内的水面率,本文提出基于GF6(高分六号卫星)影像,利用UWI(Urban Water Index,城市水体指数)并结合FROM-GLC10(Finer Resolution Observa-tion and Monitoring of Global Land Cover 10,全球陆地覆盖精细化观测与监测10)数据,通过求交计算和小碎斑删除实现水体提取结果的精细化,有效消除了阴影等噪声对水体提取的干扰,实现水面率的快速计算。本文选择中山市作为试验区,试验区域范围广、地物背景复杂,综合对比本文算法、NDWI(Normalized Water Index,归一化水体指数)算法和TSUWI(Two-Sted Urban Water Index,城市二类水体指数)算法,从定性与定量角度分析,结果表明:本文算法提取的水体连续完整、漏提和误提较少,可有效去除阴影、建筑、道路等噪声干扰,在总体精度、Kappa系数、错分误差、漏分误差等指标均取得了较好结果。利用UWI与FROM-GLC10数据相结合计算水面率具有可行性,为工程化、大面积、快速计算水面率提供了一种新的思路。
