Hepatoprotective effect of Cichorium intybus L.,a traditional Uighur medicine,against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats

AIM: To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of a Cichorium intybus L. extract (CIE) on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.

Chinese and Uighur medicine diagnostic criteria of the evaluation of the Modern drug treatment side-effects in bronchial asthma patients

We studied Chinese and Uighur medicines and create an automated computer diagnostics system according to principals of Uighur medicine for evaluation of bronchial asthma patient′s state.498 patients with bronchial asthma were enrolled the automated computer diagnostic program.304 patients were evaluated in the process of drug and non-drug treatment.Savda asthma type of Uighur medicine do not corresponds with any of the defined clinico-pathogenetic variants of the disease.Thus,prevailing of atopic bronchial asthma with probability of 0.7 is defined with Savda categories with such as 'Lungs energy deficiency','Spleen energy deficiency' and 'Kidneys Yin deficiency'(P<0.01) variants in Chinese Medicine.The combination of infectious-dependent variant of bronchial asthma Abnormal Savda syndrome with atopy with a probability of 0.8 is accompanied by the categories of 'Hot and Full' asthma with such variants as 'Lungs energy deficiency' 'Spleen energy deficiency','Kidneys Yin deficiency'(P<0.01).Patients with an easier case of Abnormal Savda syndrome bronchial asthma in 71% of cases have prevailing diagnostic categories of 'External,Full and Cold' asthma.Patients with a harder case of Abnormal Savda in 74% of cases belongs to the categories of 'Internal,Empty and Hot' asthma.So,hormone dependency of the disease in 69% of cases is accompanied by the 'Kidneys Yin deficiency' variant and,if there is an aspirin component in the pathogenesis of mixed asthma,in 83% of cases 'Kidneys Yin deficiency' and 'Kidneys Yang deficiency' variants are defined.

Association of KRAS Gene and microRNA-124-3p in Sporadic Colorectal Tumours

Aim: To reveal the exonic and 3’UTR sequences of KRAS, TP53, APC, BRAF, PIK3CA genes in sporadic colorectal tumors and to investigate the clinical relevance of 3’UTR variations in miRNA profiles. Methods: In the study, the exonic and 3’UTR sequences of five genes in 12 sporadic colorectal tumors were extracted by next generation sequencing. In tumors with variation in the 3’UTR region, the changes caused by the variation in the miRNA binding profile were detected. The expression profile of these miRNAs in colorectal and other solid tumors compared to normal tissue was determined. Pathway analysis was performed to determine which signaling pathways miRNAs affect. Results: Case-10 in our study was wild type KRAS and received cetuximab treatment and developed drug resistance. In this case, it was concluded that the expression of KRAS increased and tumorigenesis progressed due to miRNAs that do not bind to this region due to variations in the 3’UTR region. Among these miRNAs, hsa-miR-124-3p was found to have decreased expression in colorectal tumors and to be associated with the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. Conclusion: Variations in the 3’UTR regions of genes critical in the process of carsinogenesis are associated with drug resistance and the process of tumorigenesis.

Role of the histone methyltransferases Ezh2 and Suv4-20h1/Suv4-20h2 in neurogenesis

Mechanisms regulating neurogenesis involve broad and complex processes that represent intriguing therapeutic targets in the field of regenerative medicine.One influential factor guiding neural stem cell proliferation and cellular differentiation during neurogenesis are epigenetic mechanisms.We present an overview of epigenetic mechanisms including chromatin structure and histone modifications;and discuss novel roles of two histone modifiers,Ezh2 and Suv4-20h1/Suv4-20h2(collectively referred to as Suv4-20h),in neurodevelopment and neurogenesis.This review will focus on broadly reviewing epigenetic regulatory components,the roles of epigenetic components during neurogenesis,and potential applications in regenerative medicine.

Associations between IL-1RN variable number of tandem repeat, IL-1β (-511) and IL-1β (+3954) gene polymorphisms and urolithiasis in Uighur children of China

Objective:Interleukin-1(IL-1)is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which may be related to urolithiasis.Genetic polymorphisms of the interleukin-1beta(IL-1β)have been proposed as markers for urolithiasis in some areas.Due to the high incidence of urolithiasis in Uighur children(Xinjiang,China)and existence of ethnic difference,our aim is to explore the potential of IL-1 gene polymorphisms and urolithiasis among these children.Methods:Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood of 115 patients and 98 controls were used for genotype polymorphisms analyses.IL-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1RN)gene variable number of tandem repeat(VNTR)gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR method.PCR-based restriction analysis was done for the IL-1β(-511)and IL-1β(+3954)gene polymorphisms by endonucleases Ava I and Taq I,respectively.The genotype distribution,allele frequencies,carriage rate,and haplotype frequencies were statistically analyzed.Results:No significant differences were observed in genotypic frequencies between pediatric urolithiasis patients and control group for IL-1RN gene(χ^(2)=1.906,p=0.605),IL-1β(-511)gene(χ^(2)=0.105,p=0.949),or IL-1β(+3954)gene(χ^(2)=3.635,p=0.169).There were yet no significant differences of the allele frequencies of IL-1RN VNTR gene(p=0.779),IL-1β(-511)gene(p=0.941),and IL-1β(+3954)gene(p=0.418)in the case and control groups,as well as the carriage rate and haplotype of them(all p>0.05).Conclusions:The associations between IL-1RN VNTR,IL-1β(-511)and IL-1β(+3954)genes polymorphisms and urolithiasis were not significant in Uighur children.The results need to be confirmed in studies with larger population sample size,as well as in other ethnic groups.

护肝布祖热颗粒治疗药物性肝损伤的疗效观察

目的探讨护肝布祖热颗粒治疗药物性肝损伤的疗效及安全性。方法选取我院61例抗精神病药致药物性肝损伤患者,随机分为观察组(30例)和对照组(31例)。对照组在常规抗精神病用药治疗的基础上服用甘草酸二铵胶囊,观察组在常规抗精神病用药治疗基础上服用护肝布祖热颗粒,比较两组患者治疗6周后的临床疗效、肝功能及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组治疗6周后,肝功能谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)降低,指标优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组中医症候积分均有明显改善(P<0.05),且两组患者均未见明显不良反应。结论观察组在降低抗精神病药所致药物性肝损伤患者肝功能ALT、AST指标上优于对照组,起到较好的保肝护肝的作用,可有效帮助患者改善恶心呕吐、口干口苦等临床症状,且用药安全,值得临床推广应用。

Constituents of the anti-asthma herbal formula ASHMI^(TM) synergistically inhibit IL-4 and IL-5 secretion by murine Th2 memory cells,and eotaxin by human lung fibroblasts in vitro

OBJECTIVE： Anti-asthma herbal medicine intervention （ASHMITM）, a combination of three tradi- tional Chinese medicinal herbs developed in our laboratory, has demonstrated efficacy in both mouse models of allergic asthma, and a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with asthma. This study was designed to determine if the anti-inflammatory effects of individual herbal constituents of ASHMITM exhibited synergy. METHODS： Effects of ASHMI and its components aqueous extracts of Lingzhi （Ganoderma lucidum）, Kushen （Sophora flavescens） and Gancao （Glycyrrhiza uralensis）, on Th2 cytokine secretion by murine memory Th2 cells （D10.G4.1） and eotaxin-1 secretion by human lung fibroblast （HLF-1） cells were determined by measuring levels in culture supernatants by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Potential synergistic effects were determined by computing interaction indices from concentration-effect curve parameters. RESULTS： Individual Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao extracts and ASHMI （the combination of individual extracts） inhibited production of interleukin （IL）-4 and IL-5 by murine memory Th2 cells and eotaxin-1 production by HLF-1 cells. The mean 25%-inhibitory-concentration （IC2s） values （mg/mL） forASHMI, Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao for IL-4 production were 30.9, 79.4, 123, and 64.6, respectively; for IL-5 production were 30.2, 263, 123.2 and 100, respectively; for eotaxin-1 were 13.2, 16.2, 30.2, and 25.1, respectively. The IC50values （mg/mL） for ASHMI, Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao for IL-4 production were 158.5, 239.9, 446.7, and 281.8, respectively; for eotaxin-1 were 38.1, 33.1, 100, and 158.5, respectively. The interaction indices of ASHMI constituents at IC25 were 0.35 for IL-4, 0.21 for IL-5 and 0.59 for eotaxin-l. The interaction indices at IC^0 values were 0.50 for IL-4 and 0.62 for eotaxin-1 inhibition. Inhibition of IL-5 did not reach IC^0 values. All interaction indices were below 1 which indicated synergy. CONCLUSION： By comparing the interaction index values, we find that constituents in ASHMITM synergistically inhibited eotaxin-1 production as well as Th2 cytokine production.

蒙药加减通拉嘎-5对维甲酸所致大鼠骨质疏松的治疗作用

目的:观察蒙药加减通拉嘎-5对维甲酸所致大鼠骨质疏松的治疗作用.方法:雌性Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为空白组,模型组,骨肽片组,加减通拉嘎-5组,采用维甲酸诱导大鼠骨质疏松的模型,观察经蒙药加减通拉嘎-5治疗前后大鼠血清中钙(Ca)、磷(P)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及脏器指数、骨组织形态计量学的变化.结果:与模型组比较,经蒙药加减通拉嘎-5治疗后,维甲酸所致骨质疏松大鼠骨组织形态计量学参数变化均有显著性差异,血清中碱性磷酸酶显著降低,钙、磷含量升高,结论:蒙药加减通拉嘎-5对维甲酸诱导的大鼠骨质疏松有一定的治疗作用.

Commonalities and characteristics of aqueous extracts from three Uighur medicines were analyzed by using three-stage infrared spectroscopy combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectra

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method to analyze the commonalities and characteristics of the aqueous extracts from three Uighur medicines.METHODS: In this study, a combination method of three-stage infrared spectroscopy and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectra(UPLC-TOF-MS) method was used to analyze the commonalities and characteristics of the aqueous extracts from Hezi(Fructus Chebulae),Maohezi(Terminalia Belliricae Fructus) and Xiqingguo(Chebulae Fructus Immaturus).RESULTS: In Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy spectra, all three samples showed the characteristic absorption peaks of tannins similarly. According to UPLC-TOF-MS data analysis, the difference of the position and intensity of the peaks at 1713-1707 cm^(-1) in the three samples were related to the difference in the relative content of tannin and pentacyclic triterpenoids. In second derivative infrared spectroscopy spectra, further analysis of the differences in the infrared spectra of the three samples was performed by increasing the apparent resolution. In combination with UPLC-TOF-MS data, some features infrared absorption peaks were assigned.The absorption peaks at 1032-1030 cm^(-1) assigned to the stretching vibration of C-O-C(ether bond)groups of tannins; 1164-1163, 1063-1062, 1009-1005, 904 cm^(-1) attributed to the stretching vibration of C-O(ether bond) and C-O-C groups of glycosidic compounds. 1385-1383 cm^(-1) attributed to the bending vibration of C-H(alkyl hydrogen) of methoxyl group of pentacyclic triterpenoids. Peak 835 cm^(-1) was assigned to the characteristic absorption peak of bending vibration of = C-H groups of pentacyclic triterpenoids. The two dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy could further quickly distinguish three samples through the dynamic structural information of their chemical components and discrepancy of auto-peaks and cross-peaks intuitively in the range of 1720-419 cm^(-1).CONCLUSION: By comparing the intensity of the infrared characteristic absorption peaks, the main chemical components were assigned, which significantly enriched and perfected the data analysis of the infrared spectra of three Uighur Medicines. It provided a rationale for the identification of medicinal materials with complex and similar chemical components using the three-stage infrared spectroscopy and UPLC-TOF-MS.

微波消解-ICP-AES同时测定维吾尔医药中多种元素含量

为了解维吾尔医药的药效与微量元素之间的关系,用ICP-AES同时测定了5种维吾尔医药中的10种微量元素,用微波消化法处理样品,进行了方法的准确度和精密度试验,方法简便、快速,准确,结果令人满意。

Effect of TCM Combined with Chemotherapy on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer inStage Ⅲ-Ⅳ

Objective: To observe and compare the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) on immune function and quality of life (QOL)of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Methods: One hundred cases with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group (n=50) received CT combined with TCM, and the control group received CT alone. The percentage of T lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood and the change of natural killer (NK) cell count were observed after treatment. The QOL and tolerance of CT were also compared between the two groups after treatment. Results: In the treated group, CD3 cell count, CD4 cell count, CD4/ CDg ratio and NK cell activity were higher than those in control group, while CD8 cell count in the treated group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and QOL and tolerance of CT in the treated group were also better (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM combined with CT could raise the patients' ability in tolerating CT in stage Ⅲ-ⅣNSCLC.

维药平溃加瓦日西麦瓦日特蜜膏治疗慢性浅表性胃炎作用机制的网络药理学研究

目的探讨维药平溃加瓦日西麦瓦日特蜜膏(JMO)治疗慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)的作用机制。方法检索TCMSP、BATMAN-TCM等数据库收集并筛选药物活性成分,利用Swiss TargetPrediction预测其作用靶点。检索DisGeNET、GeneCards数据库筛选疾病靶点。通过Venny软件获取交集靶点,通过String数据库构建蛋白相互作用网络,获取JMO治疗CSG的潜在靶点及关键靶点;对潜在靶点进行基因本体论(GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,并采用Cytoscape软件构建中药-成分-靶点-通路网络。采用AutoDock Tools软件对药物活性成分与关键靶点进行分子对接验证。结果共获得31个药物活性成分,197个作用靶点,802个疾病靶点,92个交集靶点。共获得α-丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶、表皮生长因子受体、热休克蛋白90α家族A类成员1等8个关键靶点。GO功能富集分析结果显示,潜在靶点功能主要集中于维生素D生物合成过程的正调控和骨化二醇1-单加氧酶活性的正调控;KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,主要涉及肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、NOD样受体信号通路、p53信号通路等通路。分子对接结果显示,药物活性成分与关键靶点均有一定的结合活性。结论JMO可能通过其抗感染免疫、抗菌、抗炎作用,减轻幽门螺杆菌感染相关炎性反应,从而治疗CSG。

四大医学对艾滋病的认知和预防措施探析

艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS),是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的一种严重传染病。中医学、藏医学、维吾尔医学是发源于东方,并有着几千年文明史的传统民族医药,都有整体的、多靶点、多元化的功能与调节的特性,都表现出了巨大的实用价值与积极意义。从现代医学、中医学、藏医学、维吾尔医学这四大医学出发,论述四大医学对艾滋病的认知及预防措施,为今后攻克艾滋病提供新的治疗思路及理论基础。

Studies on abacavir-induced hypersensitivity reaction:a successful example of translation of pharmacogenetics to personalized medicine

Abacavir is an effective nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.Its main side effect is hypersensitivity reaction(HSR).The incidence of the HSR is associated with ethnicity among patients exposed to abacavir,and retrospective and prospective studies show a significantly increased risk of abacavir-induced HSR in human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B*57:01-carrying patients.Immunological studies indicated that abacavir interacts specifically with HLA-B*57:01 and changed the binding specificity between the HLA molecule and the HLA-presented endogenous peptide repertoire,leading to a systemic autoimmune reaction.HLA-B*57:01 screening,combined with patch testing,had clinically predictive value and cost-effective impact in reducing the incidence of abacavir-induced HSR regardless of the HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in the population.Therefore,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) and international HIV treatment guidelines recommend a routine HLA-B*57:01 screening prior to abacavir treatment to decrease false positive diagnosis and prevent abacavir-induced HSR.The studies of abacavir-induced HSR and the implementation of the HLA-B*57:01 screening in the clinic represent a successful example of the use of pharmacogenetics for personalized diagnosis and therapy.

维药香桃木果及其混淆品鉴别

目的:对维药香桃木果及其混淆品紫茉莉子进行真伪鉴别。方法:采用性状、显微、薄层鉴别的方法对两种药材进行比较分析。结果:香桃木果和紫茉莉子在性状、显微、薄层鉴别方法上均具有不同的专属性特征。结论:通过以上方法能有效的区分香桃木果药材及其混淆品。

维吾尔医学治未病理论在皮肤病防治中的应用

维吾尔医学治未病理论是传统中医的重要理论之一,其包括“未病先防”“既病防变”及“愈后防复”三个方面,强调预防为主、治疗为辅,强调个体化治疗的思想。随着皮肤病发病率的逐年上升,维吾尔医学“治未病”理论在皮肤病的诊疗、护理及饮食调理方面起着很大的作用。文章从防治角度探讨了维吾尔医学治未病理论在皮肤病防治中的应用。维吾尔医学治未病理论认为,人体的健康与体液平衡密切相关,在皮肤病防治中,除了饮食调理、运动锻炼等方式以外,改善体内环境,维持体液质动态平衡,合理调节内脏功能,尤其是支配器官肝脏的功能,增强机体自然力,可有效提高疾病治疗效果,防止皮肤疾病发生、复发及演变为多种皮损并存的重症状态,从而预防皮肤病的发生。治疗中强调个体化治疗,根据患者的体质、病情等因素,制定个性化的防治方案,提高治疗效果。在皮肤病防治中,不仅要针对症状进行治疗,还要以维吾尔医学基础理论体液质学说为切入点,从病因、病机方面实现全面防治,避免病情反复。综上所述,遵循维吾尔医学治未病理论,通过维持体液质动态平衡、个性化治疗、全面防治等方式,可以有效预防和治疗皮肤病,由此可见其在皮肤病防治中具有重要的应用价值。

维药野西瓜对佐剂性关节炎小鼠治疗效果及机制研究

目的观察维药野西瓜治疗佐剂性关节炎(AA)小鼠的效果及机制。方法将40只雄性昆明鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、雷公藤组(雷公藤多甙片0.01 mg/kg)及野西瓜组。除空白对照组外,其余均采用完全弗氏佐剂制作AA小鼠模型,空白对照组及模型组灌胃生理盐水,雷公藤组和野西瓜组分别灌胃相应药物,连续灌胃25 d后,观察各组小鼠足肿胀、足踝关节组织病理变化及血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)表达情况。结果药物干预25 d后,与模型组比较,雷公藤组及野西瓜组小鼠足趾肿胀程度均明显改善(P均<0.05),血清IL-6、TNF-α水平均明显降低(P均<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论维药野西瓜对AA关节炎小鼠具有良好的抗炎作用,与其降低血清中IL-6及TNF-α的水平有关。

维药驱虫斑鸠菊的研究进展

驱虫斑鸠菊是维吾尔医的常用药材,具有激活酪氨酸酶活性、增加皮肤光敏作用、改善白癜风病灶部位皮肤微循环、调节免疫及补充微量元素等功能;尚有清除异常粘液质、驱虫、消肿、散寒止痛等作用。用于治疗湿寒性胃痛、肝病、白癜风等病症。治疗白癜风有突出的疗效。现代药理学研究表明,其对白癜风的治疗可能经多途径、多靶点发挥作用。该文从驱虫斑鸠菊的生药学、化学成分、现代药理作用及临床应用等方面做一综述。

不同产地维药古丽娜HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立不同产地古丽娜的HPLC指纹图谱,考察不同产地古丽娜药材的质量。方法:采用Venusil XBP C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-0.4%磷酸溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min;柱温:25℃;检测波长:280 nm;进样量10μL。结果:确定由12个共有峰构成古丽娜药材的指纹特征,精密度和重复性中共有峰相对保留时间和相对峰面积RSD均小于3.0%,12批样品与生成的对照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.85。对12批药材进行聚类分析,分成3类,聚类分析显示产地和采集时间与药材的质量相关。结论:该方法精密度高、重现性好,可为古丽娜药材的质量评价提供参考,也为古丽娜药材进一步开发利用奠定基础。

异常黑胆质病证的维医研究进展

体液论是维吾尔医药学最基本、最重要的学说。这一学说认为许多复杂性疾病常由异常黑胆质所致,其在维吾尔族、哈萨克族等新疆主体民族发病率高,并具有一定的族群发病特点。在长期医学实践中,维医对这些复杂性疾病形成了独特的辨证诊断方法及特色方药。本文就维医异常黑胆质病证的系统研究进展做一综述。