Mechanism and Research Progress of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula against Recurrence of Ulcerative Colitis

By introducing the composition and modern pharmacology of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula,the paper further explored the mechanism and research progress of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula against recurrence of ulcerative colitis(UC).The formula can effectively improve the TCM syndromes of UC patients,reduce the recurrence rate,and improve clinical efficacy and patients’quality of life.

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of New Maixian Powder on DSS-induced UC Rats

[Objectives] To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of New Maixian Powder on ulcerative colitis( UC) rats through observing its regulatory effect on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase( PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2α( e IF-2α)/nuclear transcription factor-kappa B( NF-κB) signaling pathway. [Methods]First,60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,mesalazine group,and New Maixian Powder low,medium and high dose groups,10 rats each group. Then,dextran sulfate sodium( DSS) was used to induce UC rats. The mesalazine group was given 0. 42 g/( kg·d) of mesalazine sustained-release granule suspension,New Maixian Powder low,medium and high dose groups were given 1. 5,3,and 6 g/( kg·d) of New Maixian Powder suspension,respectively,and other groups were given an equal volume of physiological saline,continuous intragastric administration for 14 d. Next,the disease activity index( DAI) of UC rats was evaluated; the expression of NF-κB in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA); the expression of PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA in colon tissue was detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction( RT q-PCR). [Results] Compared with the normal group,the DAI score and serum NF-κB level in the model group were significantly higher( P < 0. 05),and PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA levels in the colon tissue were increased( P < 0. 05); compared with the model group,the DAI score decreased and serum NF-κB level declined in the New Maixian Powder group,and the expression of PERK and e IF-2α protein and m RNA in New Maixian Powder medium dose and high dose groups declined( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions]New Maixian Powder has good therapeutic effect on UC rats,and its mechanism may be connected with the inhibition of the activation of PERK/e IF-2α/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Integration between Genomic and Computational Statistical Surveys for the Screening of SNP Genetic Variants in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Pediatric Patients*

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex multifactorial disorders that include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Considering that IBD is a genetic and multifactorial disease, we screened for the distribution dynamism of IBD pathogenic genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms;SNPs) and risk factors in four (4) IBD pediatric patients, by integrating both clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical approaches, aiming to categorize IBD patients in CD and UC phenotype. To this end, we first aligned genomic read sequences of these IBD patients to hg19 human genome by using bowtie 2 package. Next, we performed genetic variant calling analysis in terms of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for genes covered by at least 20 read genomic sequences. Finally, we checked for biological and genomic functions of genes exhibiting statistically significant genetic variant (SNPs) by introducing Fitcon genomic parameter. Findings showed Fitcon parameter as normalizing IBD patient’s population variability, as well as inducing a relative good clustering between IBD patients in terms of CD and UC phenotypes. Genomic analysis revealed a random distribution of risk factors and as well pathogenic SNPs genetic variants in the four IBD patient’s genome, claiming to be involved in: i) Metabolic disorders, ii) Autoimmune deficiencies;iii) Crohn’s disease pathways. Integration of genomic and computational statistical analysis supported a relative genetic variability regarding IBD patient population by processing IBD pathogenic SNP genetic variants as opposite to IBD risk factor variants. Interestingly, findings clearly allowed categorizing IBD patients in CD and UC phenotypes by applying Fitcon parameter in selecting IBD pathogenic genetic variants. Considering as a whole, the study suggested the efficiency of integrating clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical tools as a right approach in discriminating IBD phenotypes as well as improving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) molecular diagnostic process.

Effects of electroacupuncture at lower he-sea points on interleukin-1β and high mobility group box 1 in model rats with ulcerative colitis

Objective To comparatively observe the effect of electroacupuncture at digestive system-related lower he-sea points on the expressions of serum interleukin-1β（IL-1 β）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） of colon tissues and high mobility group box 1 protein（HMGB 1） of ulcerative colitis（UC） model rats, and to explore whether there is relative specificity of electroacupuncture at Shàngjùxū（上巨虚 ST 37）, one of lower he-sea points of large intestine, in treatment of bowel diseases. Method A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, ST 37 group, Zúsānl？（足三里 ST 36） group, Xiàjùxū（下巨虚 ST 39） group and Yánglíngquán（阳陵泉 GB 34） group. There were ten rats in each group; five were males, and five were females. UC models were established by clysis with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid/alcohol solution. After modeling, treatment was conducted for ten days, specimens were collected, colonic ulcers and inflammation were inspected visually and scored. The content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1 in colon were detected through ELISA. Results 1 Compared with control group, the scores of colonic ulcers and inflammation, the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α（except ST 37 group） and HMGB 1 were all higher（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; 2 compared with model group, the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 36 group and ST 37 group were lower obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in the four treatment groups were lower obviously（P〈0.01）; 3 compared with ST 37 group, the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB 1 in other three treatment groups were higher obviously（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）; and the scores of colonic ulcers in ST 39 group and GB 34 group were higher obviously（P〈0.05）. Conclusion 1 The score of colonic ulcers can be reduced through electroacupuncture at ST 37, ST 36, ST 39 and GB 34, which can also reduce the content of serum IL-1β and the expressions of TNF-α and HMGB 1, and effectively inhibit inflammatory response of colon caused by UC; 2 the effect trend of the four acupoints in treatment of UC is： ST 37ST 36ST 39GB 34, and electroacupuncture at ST 37 has the best effect with relative specificity.

Effects of Electroacupuncture at Shangjuxu (ST 37) on Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-4 in the Ulcerative Colitis Model Rats

Objective： To probe into the mechanisms of electroacupuncture （EA） at Shangjuxu （ST 37） for treatment of the ulcerative colitis （UC）. Methods： Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： a normal group, a model group, a Shangjuxu group and a non-acupoint group, 10 rats in each group. The UC rat model was made with enema of trinitro-benzenesulfonic acid （TNBSA）, and the changes of interleuldn-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-4 （IL-4） contents after EA at Shangjuxu （ST 37） were observed. Results： EA at Shangjuxu （ST 37） could significantly decrease the IL-1β content and increase the IL-4 content in the colic tissues of the UC rats with significant differences as compared with the model group and the non-acupoint group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The mechanisms of EA at Shangjuxu （ST 37） for treatment of the UC rats is possibly related with the decrease of IL-1β, a inflammation-promoting cytokine, and the increase of IL-4, a anti-inflammatory cytokine.

溃疡性结肠炎合并阿米巴感染的临床特征及危险因素分析

目的:分析溃疡性结肠炎合并阿米巴感染的临床特征及危险因素。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年12月在云南省第一人民医院消化内科住院治疗的UC (ulcerative colitis)患者共96例,通过粪便镜检明确患者是否合并有阿米巴感染,将其分为阿米巴感染组40例和非阿米巴感染组56例。比较两组患者的一般情况及临床特征,分析UC (ulcerative colitis)合并阿米巴的危险因素,对于计数资料采用卡方检验,计量资料符合正态分布用独立样本t检验,不符合正态分布使用秩和检验,最后用二元logistic回归分析进行危险因素分析。结果:阿米巴感染组与非感染组在性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、手术史、服药情况、发热、腹泻次数、CRP、血清白蛋白的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。感染组年龄、累及范围、血红蛋白、粘液脓血便症状患者频数均高于非感染组,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、累及范围(E3)为UC (ulcerative colitis)合并阿米巴感染的危险因素(OR = 0.95、0.16,P = 0.01、0.005均小于0.05)。结论:年龄及累及范围(E3)为UC (ulcerative colitis)合并阿米巴感染的危险因素。

Ulcerative colitis triggered by pegylated interferon alpha-2b in a patient with chronic hepatitis B: A case report and literature review

Interferon(IFN)is a multifaceted immunomodulator that is effective against many diseases,including chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C infection.IFN defends against viral infection,but may also cause various side effects,such as ulcerative colitis(UC).Herein,we present a case of UC triggered by pegylated interferon alpha-2b(PEG-IFN-α-2b)therapy in a patient with concurrent chronic hepatitis B(CHB)infection.The diagnosis was based on typical clinical symptoms,colonoscopy findings,colonic mucosal biopsy,and histopathology.Accordingly,treatment with mesalazine was initiated without stopping PEG-IFN-α-2b.Fortunately,UC relieved gradually without compromising the effects of treatment.Simultaneously,we conducted a literature review of previously published case reports on the side effect of UC in patients with underlying chronic hepatitis.Various reactions have been reported,including induction,exacerbation,and no change.This is the first report of UC triggered by PEG-IFN-α-2b in a CHB patient.We recommend that physicians pay attention to the rare side effect of UC during administration of PEG-IFN-α-2b.Mesalazine can relieve UC with sustained use of PEG-IFN-α-2b.