BACKGROUND Recent reports of both heightened prevalence rates and limited clinical relevance of clinical high-risk(CHR)criteria and their relevant symptoms in children and adolescents indicate an important role of neu...BACKGROUND Recent reports of both heightened prevalence rates and limited clinical relevance of clinical high-risk(CHR)criteria and their relevant symptoms in children and adolescents indicate an important role of neurodevelopment in the early detection of psychoses.Furthermore,sex effects in CHR symptoms have been reported,though studies were inconclusive.As sex also impacts on neurodevelopment,we expected that sex might have an additional contribution to age in the prevalence and clinical relevance of CHR symptoms and criteria.AIM To investigate age and sex effects on CHR criteria and symptoms and their association with psychosocial impairment and mental disorder.METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study,n=29168-to 40-year-olds,randomly drawn from the population register of the Swiss canton Bern,were assessed in semistructured interviews by phone or face-to-face for CHR symptoms and criteria using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument in its child and youth,and adult version,respectively.Furthermore,social and occupational functioning and DSM-IV axis I disorders were assessed.Simple and interaction effects of age and sex on CHR symptoms and criteria,and interaction effects of age,sex,and CHR symptoms and criteria on presentation of functional impairment and of non-psychotic disorder were investigated using logistic regression analyses.RESULTS Altogether,542(18.6%)participants reported any CHR symptom;of these,261(9.0%)participants reported any one of the 11 criteria relevant cognitive and perceptual basic symptoms,and 381(13.1%)any one of the five attenuated or transient psychotic symptoms(attenuated psychotic symptoms/brief intermittent psychotic symptoms).Fewer participants met any one of the CHR criteria(n=82,2.8%)or any one of the three recently recommended CHR criteria(n=38,1.3%).Both age and sex were significantly(P<0.05)associated with CHR symptoms and criteria,mostly by younger age and female sex.Though slightly differing between symptom groups,age thresholds were detected around the turn from adolescence to adulthood;they were highest for cognitive basic symptoms and CHR criteria.With the exception of the infrequent speech disorganization attenuated psychotic symptom,the interaction of age with CHR symptoms and criteria predicted functional impairment;whereas,independent of each other,sex and CHR symptoms mostly predicted mental disorders.CONCLUSION Age and sex differentially impact on CHR symptoms and criteria;these differences may support better understanding of causal pathways.Thus,future CHR studies should consider effects of sex and age.展开更多
目的研究精神病超高危人群临床特征、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的关系。方法对49名精神病超高危人群被试进行了临床信息、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的数据采集和评估,并对相关信息进行了分析。结果患者的社会功能与年龄、发病...目的研究精神病超高危人群临床特征、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的关系。方法对49名精神病超高危人群被试进行了临床信息、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的数据采集和评估,并对相关信息进行了分析。结果患者的社会功能与年龄、发病年龄、受教育年限和未治时间(duration of untreated psychosis,DUP)相关性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与临床症状精神病高危症状量表(Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms,SOPS)总分和阴性症状分呈负相关(r=-0.357,P<0.05;r=-0.348,P<0.05);与认知功能中的连线测验表现呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.05);与简易视觉记忆测验、Stroop测验和持续操作测验表现呈正相关(r=0.324,P<0.05;r=0.295,P<0.05;r=0.407,P=0.000)。使用逐步回归得到最优线性模型(R2=0.231,F=13.491,P=0.001),其中持续操作测验与社会功能呈线性关系(非标准回归系数B=6.046,95%CI:-0.681~0.494,P=0.001),其余因素与社会功能的线性关系不显著(P>0.05)。结论患者的临床症状、认知功能与社会功能关系密切,对制定精神病超高危人群的干预策略有一定的参考作用。展开更多
Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive impariment in ultra high-risk subjects and familial high risk group with schizophrenia.Methods The cognitive function was assessed by the Trail Marking Test,Symbol...Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive impariment in ultra high-risk subjects and familial high risk group with schizophrenia.Methods The cognitive function was assessed by the Trail Marking Test,Symbol Coding(SC),Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised(HVLT-R),Brief Visual spatial Memory展开更多
基金Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation,No.135381 and No.144100.
文摘BACKGROUND Recent reports of both heightened prevalence rates and limited clinical relevance of clinical high-risk(CHR)criteria and their relevant symptoms in children and adolescents indicate an important role of neurodevelopment in the early detection of psychoses.Furthermore,sex effects in CHR symptoms have been reported,though studies were inconclusive.As sex also impacts on neurodevelopment,we expected that sex might have an additional contribution to age in the prevalence and clinical relevance of CHR symptoms and criteria.AIM To investigate age and sex effects on CHR criteria and symptoms and their association with psychosocial impairment and mental disorder.METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study,n=29168-to 40-year-olds,randomly drawn from the population register of the Swiss canton Bern,were assessed in semistructured interviews by phone or face-to-face for CHR symptoms and criteria using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument in its child and youth,and adult version,respectively.Furthermore,social and occupational functioning and DSM-IV axis I disorders were assessed.Simple and interaction effects of age and sex on CHR symptoms and criteria,and interaction effects of age,sex,and CHR symptoms and criteria on presentation of functional impairment and of non-psychotic disorder were investigated using logistic regression analyses.RESULTS Altogether,542(18.6%)participants reported any CHR symptom;of these,261(9.0%)participants reported any one of the 11 criteria relevant cognitive and perceptual basic symptoms,and 381(13.1%)any one of the five attenuated or transient psychotic symptoms(attenuated psychotic symptoms/brief intermittent psychotic symptoms).Fewer participants met any one of the CHR criteria(n=82,2.8%)or any one of the three recently recommended CHR criteria(n=38,1.3%).Both age and sex were significantly(P<0.05)associated with CHR symptoms and criteria,mostly by younger age and female sex.Though slightly differing between symptom groups,age thresholds were detected around the turn from adolescence to adulthood;they were highest for cognitive basic symptoms and CHR criteria.With the exception of the infrequent speech disorganization attenuated psychotic symptom,the interaction of age with CHR symptoms and criteria predicted functional impairment;whereas,independent of each other,sex and CHR symptoms mostly predicted mental disorders.CONCLUSION Age and sex differentially impact on CHR symptoms and criteria;these differences may support better understanding of causal pathways.Thus,future CHR studies should consider effects of sex and age.
文摘目的研究精神病超高危人群临床特征、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的关系。方法对49名精神病超高危人群被试进行了临床信息、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的数据采集和评估,并对相关信息进行了分析。结果患者的社会功能与年龄、发病年龄、受教育年限和未治时间(duration of untreated psychosis,DUP)相关性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与临床症状精神病高危症状量表(Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms,SOPS)总分和阴性症状分呈负相关(r=-0.357,P<0.05;r=-0.348,P<0.05);与认知功能中的连线测验表现呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.05);与简易视觉记忆测验、Stroop测验和持续操作测验表现呈正相关(r=0.324,P<0.05;r=0.295,P<0.05;r=0.407,P=0.000)。使用逐步回归得到最优线性模型(R2=0.231,F=13.491,P=0.001),其中持续操作测验与社会功能呈线性关系(非标准回归系数B=6.046,95%CI:-0.681~0.494,P=0.001),其余因素与社会功能的线性关系不显著(P>0.05)。结论患者的临床症状、认知功能与社会功能关系密切,对制定精神病超高危人群的干预策略有一定的参考作用。
文摘Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive impariment in ultra high-risk subjects and familial high risk group with schizophrenia.Methods The cognitive function was assessed by the Trail Marking Test,Symbol Coding(SC),Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised(HVLT-R),Brief Visual spatial Memory
